What Is Economic Efficiency?
Economic efficiency is when all goods and factors of production in an economy are distributed or allocated to their most valuable uses and waste is eliminated or minimized.
KEY TAKEAWAYS
Economic efficiency is when every scarce resource in an economy is used and distributed among producers and consumers in a way that produces the most economic output and benefit to consumers.
Economic efficiency can involve efficient production decisions within firms and industries, efficient consumption decisions by individual consumers, and efficient distribution of consumer and producer goods across individual consumers and firms.
Pareto efficiency is when every economic good is optimally allocated across production and consumption so that no change to the arrangement can be made to make anyone better off without making someone else worse off.
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Economic Efficiency
Understanding Economic Efficiency
Economic efficiency implies an economic state in which every resource is optimally allocated to serve each individual or entity in the best way while minimizing waste and inefficiency. When an economy is economically efficient, any changes made to assist one entity would harm another. In terms of production, goods are produced at their lowest possible cost, as are the variable inputs of production.
Some terms that encompass phases of economic efficiency include allocative efficiency, productive efficiency, distributive efficiency, and Pareto efficiency. A state of economic efficiency is essentially theoretical; a limit that can be approached but never reached. Instead, economists look at the amount of loss, referred to as waste, between pure efficiency and reality to see how efficiently an economy functions.
Economic Efficiency and Scarcity
The principles of economic efficiency are based on the concept that resources are scarce. Therefore, there are not sufficient resources to ensure that all aspects of an economy function at their highest capacity at all times. Instead, scarce resources must be distributed to meet the needs of the economy in an ideal way while also limiting the amount of waste produced. The ideal state is related to the welfare of the population with peak efficiency also resulting in the highest level of welfare possible based on the resources available.
Efficiency in Production, Allocation, and Distribution
Productive firms seek to maximize their profits by bringing in the most revenue while minimizing costs. To do this, they choose the combination of inputs that minimize their costs while producing as much output as possible. By doing so, they operate efficiently; when all firms in the economy do so, it is known as productive efficiency.
Consumers, likewise, seek to maximize their well-being by consuming combinations of final consumer goods that produce the highest total satisfaction of their wants and needs at the lowest cost to them. The resulting consumer demand guides productive (through the laws of supply and demand) firms to produce the right quantities of consumer goods in the economy that will provide the highest consumer satisfaction relative to the costs of inputs. When economic resources are allocated across different firms and industries (each following the principle of productive efficiency) in a way that produces the right quantities of final consumer goods, this is called allocative efficiency.
Finally, because each individual values goods differently and according to the law of diminishing marginal utility, the distribution of final consumer goods in an economy are efficient or inefficient. Distributive efficiency is when the consumer goods in an economy are distributed so that each unit is consumed by the individual who values that unit most highly compared to all other individuals. Note that this type of efficiency assumes that the amount of value that individuals place on economic goods can be quantified and compared across individuals.
Economic Efficiency and Welfare
Measuring economic efficiency is often subjective, relying on assumptions about the social good, or welfare, created and how well that serves consumers. In this regard, welfare relates to the standard of living and relative comfort experienced by people within the economy. At peak economic efficiency (when the economy is at productive and allocative efficiency), the welfare of one cannot be improved without subsequently lowering the welfare of another. This point is called Pareto efficiency
Puberty in humans is the result of changes in the ___________, which result in an increased secretion of _________, which then stimulates an increased secretion of __________.
Answer:
hypothalamus; GnRH
Explanation:
Puberty is the result of chanes in the hypothalamus. Causing increased secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
What if the gas molecules collide at very low temperatures? will that change what happens? why?.
Answer:
At low temperatures, gas particles have less kinetic energy, and therefore move more slowly; at slower speeds, they are much more likely to interact (attracting or repelling one another) upon collision
If the gas molecules collide at very low temperatures then the collision will be slower as the intermolecular forces are stronger at the lower temperature and it is demanding situation to give high energy in order to break the bonds.
What is the fate of collision of gas molecules ?The fate of gas molecules is the formation of making gases compounds by making the elements bind together in order to form a new compound.
At the lower temperature, the average velocity of the molecules that are possessed by the molecules is decreased therefore the gas molecules will have lesser kinetic energy and they will move very slowly in order to form a new compound.
Gases do not exert much of force on each other but they do possess a collision with each other and the collision molecules are elastic so as they are able to do collision.
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Which statement is true about the structure of a double-stranded dna molecule?.
In the structure of a DNA, as the particular complementary base pairing of the DNA nucleotides, the diameter of a DNA molecule is the same over its length.
What is a DNA?DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid, is the hereditary unit of an organism which is responsible for the production of characters.
The missing options in the question are:
Purine nucleotides always form base pairs with other purines, and pyrimidine nucleotides always form base pairs with other pyrimidines.The nucleotides in a strand of DNA are held together by hydrogen bondsThe diameter of a DNA molecule is the same along its entire length due to the specific complementary base pairing of the DNA nucleotides.The nitrogenous bases in one strand are held to the nitrogenous bases of the other strand by phosphodiester bonds.In the structure of a DNA, as the particular complementary base pairing of the DNA nucleotides, the diameter of a DNA molecule is the same over its length.
Thus, this is the true statement regarding the structure of a double-stranded DNA molecule i.e., option C.
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Evaluate whether a sea beeze could occur night
Answer:
During the night the water releases it's heat much slower causing the air over the water to be warmer than the air over the land. This ends up working the same as the sea breeze only this time the lower pressure is over the sea and the air then moves from the land.
Answer: During the night the water releases it's heat much slower causing the air over the water to be warmer than the air over the land.
in the water culture experiment why should a lack of nitrate cause reduced growth
Answer:
Plants absorb nitrates in water through their roots. Nitrates are present in high levels in plant fertilisers. Without nitrates, the amount of chlorophyll in leaves reduces. ... This reduces the plant's ability to photosynthesise and grow properly, which reduces the farmers' crop yield .
What is oxygen and why it is important??((´^ω^))
Explanation:
Oxygen helps organisms grow, reproduce, and turn food into energy. Humans get the oxygen they need by breathing through their nose and mouth into their lungs. Oxygen gives our cells the ability to break down food in order to get the energy we need to survive.
How does gene pool and allele frequency terms relate to another??
Answer:
Allele frequency is how often an allele occurs in a gene pool
Explanation:
Allele frequency refers to how common an allele is in a population. It is determined by counting how many times the allele appears in the population then dividing by the total number of copies of the gene. The gene pool of a population consists of all the copies of all the genes in that population.
Important! Are wolfbloods real?
Answer:
No
Explanation:
Answer:
Even though there is no complete evidence there is a 50/50 chance of them being real. But at the moment they are an endangered speices
Explanation:
When Wolfbloods transform, the first visible sign is that the irises of their eyes turns from their regular eye colour, to a swirling black colour and then turns bright yellow. The veins in their hands and neck then start to become darker and reveal themselves. Every cell in their body changes, right down to their DNA and then, they become a wolf.
There is some evidence that a relatively low level of autonomic nervous system arousal may contribute to:.
There is some evidence that a relatively low level of autonomic nervous system arousal may contribute to antisocial personality disorder.
What is an antisocial personality disorder?An antisocial personality disorder is a mental (cognitive) disorder characterized by antisocial behavior.
An antisocial personality disorder can be triggered by both genetic factors and environmental factors.
It has been shown that a low level of autonomic nervous system arousal may influence this personality disorder.
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A newly synthesized protein destined for secretion from a eukaryotic cell will generally follow which of the pathways listed below, starting with where it was synthesized?
There is only one correct answer for this question.
A) ribosome →rough ER → smooth ER →Golgi → transport vesicle → nucleus
B) Golgi → rough ER → lysosome → transport vesicle → plasma membrane
C) ribosome →rough ER → transport vesicle → Golgi → transport vesicle → plasma membrane
D) rough ER → lysosome →ribosome→ transport vesicle → plasma membrane
Identify the type of energy that is directly causing the water to boil.
sorry it’s not multiple choice and I can’t take a picture of it bc I’m not on the app
Answer:
can you reply with the answer choices?
A neuron that responds most strongly when an animal is in a particular location in the environment is a: a. Center-surround cell b. Location cell c. Hypercomplex cell d. place cell
A place cell is a neuron that responds most strongly when an animal is in a particular location in the environment.
What is a Place cell?These are types of neurons which fire when animals go to certain locations in the environment.
These type of cells are found in the hippocampus and is characterized by their peak activity.
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The hypothalamus communicates directly with which gland?.
The hypothalamus communicates directly with pituitary gland.
Hypothalamus?Hypothalamus is a small part lied f the brain that is between the inferior and anterior of thalamus. This gland is linked up with the pituitary gland by the stalk-like infundibulum. The pituitary gland comprises of an anterior and posterior lobe and each love produce different hormones in response to signals from the hypothalamus.
posterior lobe contains the ends of nerve cells that is from hypothalamus. The hypothalamus transmitt the hormones directly to the posterior lobe via these nerves, and then the pituitary gland releases them.
Therefore, The hypothalamus communicates directly with pituitary gland.
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Can anyone help me please and please thank you
Answer: call me daddy
Explanation:
ill give you a honey bun
which of these pairs of organisms are most closely related?
A) aix sponsa and anas acuta
B) anas discors and anas americana
C) martes americana and mycteria americana
D) anas cyanoptera and mycteria americana
Answer:
B anas discors and anas americana
Explanation:
They are the most related out of the options since they are from the same genus.
Match the term to the definition. Question 1 options: 19 The rising of ocean water bringing nutrients up from the deep. 1 The cyclical process of the changing state and movement of water around the Earth through evaporation, condensation, and precipitation. 4 As the amount of salt in water increases, the density of the water _________. Water circulation created by differences in density. The type of energy possessed by moving water. The distance from the crest of one wave to the crest of another. The amount of dissolved salt in a liquid. Water circulation created by prevailing wind systems. The Gulf Stream is an example. This is what moves forward and through a wave. The length of open sea over which wind can blow steadily to create waves. 1. The water cycle 2. vapor transport 3. salinity 4. increases 5. decreases 6. surface currents 7. Coriolis Effect 8. deepwater currents 9. trough 10. wave period 11. wavelength 12. water molecules 13. energy 14. crest 15. fetch 16. electrical 17. kinetic 18. downwelling 19. upwelling
The movement of molecules of water is due to the energy possessed by the water molecules.
What is upwelling?Upwelling refers to the rising of ocean water bringing nutrients up from the deep.
Other definitions are as follows:
Water cycle- the cyclical process of the changing state and movement of water around the Earth through evaporation, condensation, and precipitation.As the amount of salt in water increases, the density of the water increases.Deepwater currents -Water circulation created by differences in densityKinetic energy is the type of energy possessed by moving water.Wavelength is the distance from the crest of one wave to the crest of another.Salinity is the amount of dissolved salt in a liquid. Water circulation created by prevailing wind systems.The Gulf Stream is an example of Coriolis effect. Energy what moves forward and through a wave.The length of open sea over which wind can blow steadily to create waves fetchTherefore, the movement of molecules of water is due to the energy possessed by the water molecules.
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Use your notes to create a flow chart detailing the process of protein synthesis. Make sure to include the following terms.
Answer:
Hi! Here is the flow chart of the process of the protein synthesis, hope this helps! (Mark me as brainliest if the chart is accurate!) Have a great day :)
Lilah’s family has a large garden in their backyard. after learning about the role of organisms in an ecosystem, lilah compares the garden to a small ecosystem. what role would each organism play in this garden ecosystem? bird: earthworm: flower: butterfly:
An ecosystem is a self supporting system in which there is a flow of materials and energy.
What is an ecosystem?An ecosystem is a self supporting system in which there is a flow of materials and energy.
Let us now see the role of each organism in the small ecosystem.
flower - producerbutterfly - primary consumerbird - secondary consumerearthworm - decomposerLearn more about ecosystem: https://brainly.com/question/13979184
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Answer:
Bird: consumer
Earthworm: decomposer
Flower: producer
Butterfly: consumer
Explanation:
Part A
You will create a molecular clock model for an arthropod gene. Follow these guidelines to make your model:
Your timeline will span from 90 million years ago to the present. The common ancestor in your model is an arthropod that lived 90 million years ago. The gene that you’ll track codes for a protein in the species’ venom.
The DNA sequence you’ll track contains 10 nitrogen bases. You can choose the order of the bases and where the mutations occur.
This gene mutates at a rate of approximately 0.76 base pairs every 17.1 million years. To build your model, calculate the estimated time period it takes for 1 base pair to mutate.
The first time period will only show the common ancestor. At the beginning of the second time period, three lineages will diverge from the common ancestor, each with a different mutation in their gene sequences.
The first and third descendant species will survive for the rest of the timeline. The second descendant species was extinct 50 million years ago.
Calculate how long it will take for one full base pair mutation to occur. Explain your reasoning by constructing a mathematical equation.
Based on the mutation rate of the molecular clock, it will take 22.5 million years for one full base pair mutation to occur.
What is a molecular clock?A molecular clock is a biomolecule which is chosen to serve as a clock due to its periodical changes in a regular pattern.
Mutation in genes can serve as molecular clock.
The mutation in the gene of coding for the venom mutates at a rate of 0.76 base pairs every 17.1 million years.
It will take 17.1/0.76 = 22.5 million years for 1 base pair to mutate.
Therefore, it will take 22.5 million years for one full base pair mutation to occur.
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A man with type A blood marries a woman with type B blood. Their child has type O blood. What is the genotype of the woman
Answer:
The genotypes of the two parents are AO and BO. Blood types A and B are dominant over blood type O,
Explanation:
An offspring inherits their genotype (genetic makeup) from their parents with each parent providing one allele for a given trait. An offspring need only inherit one dominant allele to have the phenotype (observable physical characteristic) of that trait and must inherit a recessive allele from each parent in order to have that phenotype. For example, brown hair is a dominant trait and only one parent must provide that allele for hair color in order for their offspring to have brown hair. In order for the recessive trait of blonde hair to be the phenotype of the offspring, each parent must provide the blonde hair allele.
why the walls of the ventricles are much thicker than the walls of the atria.
Answer:
The ventricles of the heart have thicker muscular walls than the atria. This is because blood is pumped out of the heart at greater pressure from these chambers compared to the atria.
Explanation:
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How many spermatids result from one spermatogonium?.
Four (4) spermatids result from one spermatogonium. Details about spermatogenesis can be found below.
What is spermatogenesis?Spermatogenesis is the process by which sperm cells are produced from the testes of a male animal.
Spermatogenesis involves series of mitotic and meiotic divisions that finally result into the haploid sperm cells.
Spermatids are haploid cells produced by meiosis of a spermatocyte that develops into a spermatozoon.
The spermatogonium divides mitotically into primary spermatocyte which then develops into secondary spermatocyte via meiosis. Each secondary spermatocyte forms 4 spermatids.
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In some cases tumors support their unrestricted proliferation producing a growth factor that they also respond to. this mechanism is called _____ signalling
The tumors support their general proliferation by producing a growth element that they also respond to, this mechanism is called autocrine signalling.
What is autocrine signaling?Autocrine signaling means the display and secretion of an extracellular intermediate by a cell followed by the binding of that mediator to receptors on the same cell to start signal transduction.
A form of autocrine signaling is the secretion of IL-1 by macrophages.
Thus, this mechanism is called autocrine signalling.
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Explain why Halley’s Comet is part of our solar system.
Answer:
because they were originally long period comets whose orbits were perturbed by the gravity of the giant planets and directed into the inner solarsystem
Halley's Comet is part of our solar system because it orbits around the Sun.
What is Halley's Comet?Halley's Comet is a periodic comet that follows a predictable orbit around the Sun and brings it close to the Earth once every 75-76 years. Halley's Comet originated from the Kuiper Belt, which is a region of the solar system containing icy objects.
When the comet approaches the Sun, the comet's ice and dust sublimate, which creates a bright coma that can be seen from Earth. The comet's nucleus is about 11 kilometers in diameter.
Halley's Comet is observed by humans for thousands of years. The regular return of comets allows scientists to study them in detail, thereby, helping us understand comets and the early solar system.
Therefore, Halley's Comet is part of our solar system because it orbits around the Sun like the other planets or objects in our solar system.
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A forest was converted into a national park. this process required constructing roads and highways to make it accessible for people. construction of roads inside a forest has resulted in of natural habitat. a large population of organisms was split into several smaller populations, which decreased the chance that an individual would .
Construction of roads inside a forest has resulted in fragmentation of natural habitat.
What is Fragmentation?This is the process of breaking down larger particles into smaller bits known as fragments.
When it happens to a large population of organisms there is a decreased the chance that an individual would find an unrelated mate.
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Answer:
a
Explanation:
Which class of drugs for human immune deficiency virus infection reduces how well HIV genetic material can be converted into human genetic material
The class of drugs for human immune deficiency virus infection which reduces how well HIV genetic material can be converted into human genetic material is called The Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)
Meaning of HIV and NRTIsHIV also called human immunodeficiency virus is an infection that always attack the body immune system but majorly the white blood cells which is called the CD4 cells. The human immunodeficiency virus destroys these CD4 cells thereby causing a persons immune system to be weak and unable to fight other infections, leading to ill health.
The NRTIs also known as the Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase inhibitors prevent viral replication, binding and interaction with the CD4+
in conclusion The class of drugs for human immune deficiency virus infection which reduces how well HIV genetic material can be converted into human genetic material is called The Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)
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Please helppp with this question
Heyy.
So i did the alternative activity for this assignment.
In task one I only did part F:
answer:
Weathering damage on Cleopatra's Needle, an Egyptian obelisk in Central Park, New York City, is compared to known weathering rates of granites in various regions. The detrimental influence of the city's environment in 83 years of exposure has been attributed by textbook authors to damage to this coarse-grained foliated granite. As evidenced by the original depth of inscription in New York, about 11/2 inches of maximum surface reduction had occurred. Granite reduction rates in humid regions were calculated to be as low as 0.0076 mm per year, and even lower in deserts. The majority of the damage to the obelisk was caused by rising moisture laden with sulfate salts in Egypt, according to the findings. The hydration pressure of these salts, combined with frost wedging, is responsible for the major damage to the monument, which happened during its first few years in New York.
In task 2 I only did part D
answer:
Two independent sets of observations on sand activities in relation to the flowing river are recorded as the water passes through the meandering river. Stream abrasion can affect the morphology of a stream or river dramatically over time. Because the water can start erosion with anything near it, erosion can impact human communities near rivers.
MAKE SURE YOU SAY THAT YOU DID THE ALTERNATIVE ACTIVITY!!!!
What effect do predators have on the ecosystem?
Answer:
Dispersing rich nutrients and seeds from foraging, they influence the structure of ecosystems.
Answer:
They keep prey populations at a managable level.
Explanation:
For example, a wolf pack will hunt deer and kill deer. This killing will make sure there is never too many deer. If there are too many deer, too many plants may be eaten; And then the entire ecosystem can fall apart.
what is the function of the organelles identifies in the picture
Answer:
As I remember the answer is B)
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Name 3 factors you can use to determine if organisms are apart of separate species.
Answer:
According to the biological species concept, organisms belong to the same species if they can interbreed to produce viable, fertile offspring. Species are separated from one another by prezygotic and postzygotic barriers, which prevent mating or the production of viable, fertile offspring.