Calculate the cell potential for the following unbalanced reaction that takes place in an electrochemical cell at 25 °C when [Mg2+] = 0. 000612 M and [Fe3+] = 1. 29 M



Mg(s) + Fe3+ (aq) = Mg2+ (aq) + Fe(s)



E°(Mg2+/Mg) = -2. 37 V and E°(Fe3+/Fe) = -0. 036 V

Student has a sample of copper (I) sulfate hydrate, then the percent of water in the sample is 40%.

In chemistry, a hydrate is a compound that contains water molecules that are chemically bound to the atoms or ions of the compound.

Mass of the anhydrous salt is given as 12 grams.

So, mass of water = total mass - mass of anhydrous salt

mass of water = 20 g - 12 g

mass of water = 8 g

Now, % water = (mass of water ÷ total mass) × 100

% water = (8 g ÷ 20 g) × 100

% water = 40%

Therefore, the percent of water in the sample is 40%.

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The answer is (d) The radiation from the microwave decreased its viscosity by breaking the syrup's intermolecular forces.

When the syrup is heated in the microwave, the thermal energy from the microwaves increases the kinetic energy of the molecules in the syrup. This increased kinetic energy causes the molecules to move more quickly, leading to a decrease in the syrup's viscosity.

As the viscosity decreases, the syrup flows more easily, allowing it to pour more quickly. The intermolecular forces between the molecules of the syrup are weakened due to the increased kinetic energy, leading to a decrease in the viscosity of the syrup. Thus, option (d) is the correct answer.

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The final volume of the gas is 3.75 L. This result can be explained by the fact that as the temperature of the gas increased, the kinetic energy of its particles also increased, causing them to move faster and occupy a larger volume.

According to the ideal gas law, PV = nRT, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature.

Therefore, if the temperature of a gas is increased while its pressure and amount remain constant, its volume will also increase.

In this case, the initial volume of the gas is 2.5 L and its temperature is increased from 200 K to 300 K. To find the final volume of the gas, we can use the following equation:

V2 = (T2/T1) x V1

where V1 is the initial volume of the gas, T1 is the initial temperature of the gas, T2 is the final temperature of the gas, and V2 is the final volume of the gas. Plugging in the values, we get:

V2 = (300 K/200 K) x 2.5 L

V2 = 3.75 L

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The atomic theory of matter states that all matter, whether an element, a compound or a mixture is composed of small particles called atoms.

The atomic theory is any of the several theories that explain the structure of the atom, and of subatomic particles.

The atomic theory of matter, first postulated by John Dalton, seeks to explain the nature of matter-the materials of which the Universe, all galaxies, solar systems and Earth are formed.

The components of the atomic theory are as follows;

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To determine the molarity of the diluted solution, we need to use the equation:

M1V1 = M2V2

where M1 is the initial molarity of the solution, V1 is the initial volume of the solution, M2 is the final molarity of the solution, and V2 is the final volume of the solution.

In this case, the initial solution is a 0.75 M K2SO4 solution with a volume of 550 mL, and water is added to make a final volume of 450 mL. We can write:

M1 = 0.75 M

V1 = 550 mL

V2 = 450 mL

We can solve for M2:

M1V1 = M2V2

0.75 M × 550 mL = M2 × 450 mL

M2 = (0.75 M × 550 mL) / 450 mL

M2 = 0.92 M

Therefore, the molarity of the diluted solution is 0.92 M.

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A 4 L sample of gas at 30 degrees celcius and 1 atm is changed to 0 degrees celcius and 800torr. 4.51 L is its new volume.

To solve this problem, we can use the combined gas law, which relates the pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas.

[tex]P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2[/tex]

where P1, V1, and T1 are the initial conditions, and P2, V2, and T2 are the final conditions.

Substituting the given values, we get:

[tex]\left(\frac{{1 , \text{atm} \cdot 4 , \text{L}}}{{303 , \text{K}}}\right) = \left(\frac{{0.8 , \text{atm} \cdot V2}}{{273 , \text{K}}}\right)[/tex]

Solving for V2, we get:

[tex]V2 = \frac{{1 , \text{atm} \cdot 4 , \text{L} \cdot 273 , \text{K}}}{{303 , \text{K} \cdot 0.8 , \text{atm}}} = 4.51 , \text{L}[/tex]

Therefore, the new volume of the gas is 4.51 L when the temperature is changed from 30 degrees Celsius to 0 degrees Celsius and the pressure is changed from 1 atm to 800 torr.

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The theoretical yield of iron(II) oxide is 4.67 grams.

The percent yield of the reaction is 64.85%.

To find the theoretical yield of iron(II) oxide, calculate the amount of iron(II) oxide that would be produced if all of the iron reacted with oxygen:

Molar mass of Fe = 55.85 g/mol

Molar mass of FeO = 71.85 g/mol

From the balanced equation, 1 mole of iron reacts with 1 mole of oxygen to produce 1 mole of iron(II) oxide. So, set up a proportion to find the theoretical yield:

3.59 g Fe × (1 mol Fe / 55.85 g) × (1 mol FeO / 1 mol Fe) × (71.85 g FeO / 1 mol FeO) = 4.67 g FeO (rounded to two decimal places)

Therefore, the theoretical yield of iron(II) oxide is 4.67 grams.

To find the percent yield, we use the following formula:

Percent yield = (actual yield / theoretical yield) x 100%

The actual yield is given as 3.03 grams. Plugging in the values:

Percent yield = (3.03 g / 4.67 g) x 100% = 64.85% (rounded to two decimal places)

Therefore, the percent yield of the reaction is 64.85%.

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Image transcribed:

Use the References to access important values if needed for this question.

For the following reaction, 3.59 grams of iron are mixed with excess oxygen gas. The reaction yields 3.03 grams of iron(II) oxide.

iron (s) + oxygen (g)- →iron(II) oxide (s)

What is the theoretical yield of iron(II) oxide ? ______ grams

What is the percent yield for this reaction? ________ %

The 3p subshell in the ground state of atomic silicon contains 3 electrons.

In the ground state of atomic silicon, the electronic configuration is 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p².

The 3p subshell can accommodate a total of six electrons, as there are three orbitals in the subshell: 3px, 3py, and 3pz. The first two electrons in the 3p subshell will occupy the 3px and 3py orbitals singly, as required by Hund's rule, while the remaining four electrons will pair up in the 3pz orbital.

Therefore, the 3p subshell in the ground state of atomic silicon contains four electrons.

It's worth noting that the electronic configuration of an atom can be determined by using the periodic table and the rules of electron configuration.

Silicon, which has an atomic number of 14, has two electrons in the 1s orbital, two electrons in the 2s orbital, six electrons in the 2p orbital, two electrons in the 3s orbital, and four electrons in the 3p orbital.

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Tributaries meets river at a confluence.

Answer:

0.79 L of concentrated nitric acid is needed to prepare 5.0 L of a 2.5 M solution.

Explanation:

We can use the formula:[tex]M_1V_1 = M_2V_2[/tex]where [tex]M_1[/tex] is the concentration of the concentrated nitric acid, [tex]V_1[/tex] is the volume of concentrated nitric acid needed, [tex]M_2[/tex] is the desired concentration of the final solution, and [tex]V_2[/tex] is the final volume of the solution.Plugging in the given values, we get:[tex](15.8 \text{ M})(V_1) = (2.5 \text{ M})(5.0 \text{ L})[/tex]Solving for [tex]V_1[/tex], we get:[tex]V_1 = \frac{(2.5 \text{ M})(5.0 \text{ L})}{15.8 \text{ M}} \approx 0.79 \text{ L}[/tex]Therefore, approximately 0.79 L of concentrated nitric acid is needed to prepare 5.0 L of a 2.5 M solution.

Answer:

0.79 L

I hope this helps! Cheers ^^

In the reaction of the oxidation of chromium, 4 chromium atoms each lose 3 electrons to become positively charged ions, and 3 oxygen molecules each gain 4 electrons to become negatively charged ions. This means that a total of 12 electrons are transferred in the oxidation of chromium.

The oxidation of chromium can be broken down into two half-reactions:

1) The oxidation of chromium:
4Cr(s) --> 4Cr³⁺(aq) + 12e-

In this half-reaction, each

chromium atom loses 3 electrons to become a positively charged ion (Cr³⁺), and a total of 12 electrons are

transferred

.

2) The reduction of oxygen:
3O₂(g) + 12e- --> 6O²⁻(aq)

In this half-reaction, each oxygen molecule gains 4 electrons to become a negatively charged ion (O²⁻), and a total of 12 electrons are transferred.

Therefore, the total number of electrons transferred during the reaction of the oxidation of chromium is 12. It is important to note that this reaction involves the transfer of O₂ electrons, not O₄ electrons.

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If the vascular plants never developed, the Earth would be drastically different. Vascular plants are responsible for much of the oxygen production on our planet, so the atmosphere would contain significantly less oxygen. Additionally, without the root systems of vascular plants, soil erosion would be much more prevalent and the landscape would likely be more barren.

The evolution of many animals, including insects and birds, would have been impacted as well, as many of these species rely on vascular plants for food and shelter. Overall, the absence of vascular plants would have a profound effect on the ecology and biodiversity of our planet.

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The molarity of the magnesium chloride solution is 2.38 M. This means that there are 2.38 moles of magnesium chloride per liter of solution.

The molarity is defined as the number of moles of the solute per liter of the solution. In this problem, we are given the moles of magnesium chloride (7.39 moles) and the final volume of the solution (3.10 L). We can use the formula Molarity = moles of solute / volume of solution to calculate the molarity of the magnesium chloride solution.

First, we divide the moles of magnesium chloride by the volume of the solution in liters:

[tex]Molarity = 7.39 moles / 3.10 L[/tex]

[tex]Molarity = 2.38 M[/tex]

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The portable hot pack design contains 100g of water and a separated chemical. When mixed, it will achieve a temperature of 55°C (131°F).

The cold pack design also contains 100g of water and a different chemical, reaching 3°C (37°F) when activated.

Hot Pack:
1. Use an exothermic reaction (e.g., calcium chloride dissolving in water).
2. Calculate the heat produced by the chemical reaction using the formula: q = mcΔT.
3. Determine the mass of the chemical needed using stoichiometry.

Cold Pack:
1. Use an endothermic reaction (e.g., ammonium nitrate dissolving in water).
2. Calculate the heat absorbed by the chemical reaction using the formula: q = mcΔT.
3. Determine the mass of the chemical needed using stoichiometry.

For both packs, use a breakable barrier to separate the water and chemical. When the user squeezes the pack, the barrier breaks, allowing the components to mix and initiate the reaction.

In conclusion, our design meets the requirements by using specific chemicals and calculated amounts to achieve the desired temperatures for treating injuries.

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Answer: The answer is 2.50g.

I hope this helps and have a great day!

The Earth is emitting the most longwave radiation at a wavelength of approximately 11.4 micrometers.

Longwave radiation emission, also known as infrared radiation, is the process by which the Earth releases heat into space. This radiation is absorbed by greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, which then trap the heat and prevent it from escaping back into space.

If the Earth had no atmosphere, this longwave radiation emission would be lost quickly to space, resulting in a much cooler planet.

To calculate the rate of radiation emitted (E) by the Earth at a temperature of 255 K, we can use the Stefan-Boltzmann Law, which states that E = σT⁴, where σ is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant (5.67 x 10⁻⁸ W/m²K⁴) and T is the temperature in Kelvin. Plugging in the values, we get:

E = 5.67 x 10⁻⁸ x (255)⁴
E = 3.8 x 10⁸ W/m²

This means that the Earth is emitting 3.8 x 10⁸ watts of longwave radiation per square meter at a temperature of 255 K.

The wavelength of maximum radiation emission can be determined using Wien's Law, which states that the wavelength of maximum emission (λmax) is equal to the constant of proportionality (b) divided by the temperature in Kelvin. The value of b is approximately equal to 2.898 x 10⁻³ mK.

Plugging in the values, we get:

λmax = b/T
λmax = 2.898 x 10⁻³ / 255
λmax = 1.14 x 10⁻⁵ meters

This means that the Earth is emitting the most longwave radiation at a wavelength of approximately 11.4 micrometers.

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The pH after the addition of 19.0 ml of 0.500 M HNO₃ to a 75.0 ml volume of 0.200 M NH₃ (Kb = 1.8 * 10⁻⁵) is 9.11.

1. Calculate moles of NH₃ and HNO₃: moles NH₃ = 75.0 ml * 0.200 mol/L = 15.0 mmol, moles HNO₃ = 19.0 ml * 0.500 mol/L = 9.5 mmol

2. Find moles of NH₃ remaining: 15.0 mmol - 9.5 mmol = 5.5 mmol

3. Calculate new concentrations: [NH₃] = 5.5 mmol / (75.0 ml + 19.0 ml) = 0.055 mol/L, [NH₄⁺] = 9.5 mmol / (75.0 ml + 19.0 ml) = 0.095 mol/L

4. Apply the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation: pH = pKa + log([NH₃]/[NH₄⁺])

5. Find pKa from Kb: pKa = 14 - log(Kb) = 14 - log(1.8 * 10⁻⁵) = 9.74

6. Calculate pH: pH = 9.74 + log(0.055/0.095) = 9.11

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When we talk about a heating curve of water, we are referring to a graph that shows the temperature of water as it is heated.

The x-axis of the graph represents the amount of heat energy being added to the water, while the y-axis represents the temperature of the water.

The region of positive slope on the heating curve of water refers to the portion of the graph where the temperature of the water is increasing as more heat energy is added. This region starts at the melting point of ice (0°C) and extends all the way to the boiling point of water (100°C) at standard atmospheric pressure.

During this region, the heat energy being added to the water is being used to break the intermolecular bonds between the water molecules and increase their kinetic energy, resulting in an increase in temperature. As the temperature increases, the water transitions from a solid (ice) to a liquid, and finally to a gas (steam).

It is important to note that the slope of the heating curve during the region of positive slope is positive, which means that the temperature is increasing at a steady rate. This region is significant because it represents the phase changes of water, which have important implications for a variety of fields, including chemistry, physics, and engineering.

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The pressure of the gas can be calculated using the combined gas law equation. The pressure of the gas at STP is 1 atm. Therefore, the pressure of the gas at 85.0°C is 0.289 atm.

Given that a gas occupies 3.05 L at STP, we can assume that the gas is at a pressure of 1 atm and a temperature of 273 K. We can use the ideal gas law to find the number of moles of gas in the container at STP:

PV = nRT

where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.

Rearranging the equation to solve for n, we get:

n = PV/RT

Substituting in the values for P, V, R, and T, we get:

n = (1 atm)(3.05 L)/(0.0821 L·atm/mol·K)(273 K)

n = 0.125 mol

Now, we know that the volume of the gas has increased to 9.85 L and the temperature has increased to 85°C. We need to find the new pressure of the gas.

First, we need to convert the temperature to Kelvin:

85°C + 273 = 358 K

Next, we can use the combined gas law to find the new pressure of the gas:

P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2

Substituting in the values we know:

(1 atm)(3.05 L)/(273 K) = P2(9.85 L)/(358 K)

Solving for P2, we get:

P2 = (1 atm)(3.05 L)/(273 K)(9.85 L/358 K)

P2 = 0.289 atm

Therefore, the pressure of the gas at the new volume and temperature is 0.289 atm.

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The set of coefficients that will balance the chemical equation are: B.) 1, 2, 2, 1

Chemical reactions are processes that cause one set of chemical elements to change into another set of chemical elements. During chemical reaction, atoms are rearranged, bonds between atoms are broken and formed and then new compounds or molecules are produced.

Chemical reactions can be represented using the chemical equations, that show reactants and products.

The balanced chemical equation for the given reaction is: H₂SO₄ (aq) + 2NH₄OH (aq) ---> 2H₂O (l) + (NH₄)2SO₄ (aq)

Therefore, the set of coefficients that will balance the chemical equation are: 1, 2, 2, 1.

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The new pressure at 273 K, given that the initial pressure was 378 KPa, is 249.9 KPa

The following parameters were obtained from the question:

The new pressure of the gas at 273 K can be obtained as shown below:

P₁ / T₁ = P₂/ T₂

378 / 413 = P₂ / 273

Cross multiply

413 × P₂ = 378 × 273

413 × P₂ = 103194

Divide both sides by 413

P₂ = 103194 / 413

P₂ = 249.9 KPa

Thus, from the above calculation, we can conclude the new pressure at 273 K is 249.9 KPa

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4.3 mL of 16.2 M [tex]NH3[/tex]is required to prepare 350.0 mL of 0.200 M [tex]NH3[/tex]

The molarity equation is:

Molarity (M) = moles of solute / liters of solution

We can rearrange this equation to solve for the number of moles of solute:

moles of solute = Molarity (M) x liters of solution

We can use this equation to determine the number of moles of [tex]NH3[/tex]required to prepare the 350.0 mL of 0.200 M [tex]NH3[/tex] solution:

moles of [tex]NH3[/tex] = (0.200 M) x (0.350 L) = 0.070 moles [tex]NH3[/tex]

Now, we need to determine the volume of 16.2 M [tex]NH3[/tex]required to obtain 0.070 moles of [tex]NH3[/tex]. We can use the following equation:

moles of solute = Molarity (M) x liters of solution

Rearranging the equation to solve for the volume of solution, we get:

liters of solution = moles of solute / Molarity (M)

Plugging in the values, we get:

liters of solution = 0.070 moles  / 16.2 M[tex]NH3[/tex] = 0.0043 L

Converting this to milliliters, we get:

volume of 16.2 M [tex]NH3[/tex] = 0.0043 L x 1000 mL/L = 4.3 mL

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The limiting reactant is CO, the excess reactant is Fe₂O₃, and the grams of Fe produced is 126.8 g. when 11.5 g of c are allowed to react with 114.5 g of cu2o, then, 101.7 g of Cu is produced.

The balanced equation for the reaction is;

Fe₂O₃ + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO₂

To determine the limiting and excess reactants, we need to compare the number of moles of each reactant to their stoichiometric ratio in the balanced equation.

First, we need to convert the given mass of Fe₂O₃ to moles;

molar mass of Fe₂O₃ = 2(55.85 g/mol) + 3(16.00 g/mol) = 159.69 g/mol

moles of Fe₂O₃ =185 g / 159.69 g/mol

= 1.16 mol

Next, we need to convert the given number of moles of CO to grams:

molar mass of CO = 12.01 g/mol + 16.00 g/mol

= 28.01 g/mol

mass of CO = 3.4 mol x 28.01 g/mol

= 95 g

Now, we can compare the number of moles of Fe₂O₃ and CO to their stoichiometric ratio in the balanced equation;

Fe₂O₃:CO = 1:3

moles of CO needed = 3 x 1.16 mol = 3.48 mol

Since we only have 3.4 mol of CO available, CO is the limiting reactant and Fe₂O₃ is the excess reactant.

To calculate the grams of Fe produced, we need to use the amount of limiting reactant (CO) as the basis for the calculation;

moles of Fe produced = (3.4 mol CO) x (2 mol Fe / 3 mol CO)

= 2.27 mol Fe

molar mass of Fe = 55.85 g/mol

mass of Fe produced = (2.27 mol Fe) x (55.85 g/mol) = 126.8 g Fe

Therefore, the limiting reactant is CO, the excess reactant is Fe₂O₃, and the grams of Fe produced is 126.8 g.

The balanced equation for the reaction is;

Cu₂O + C → 2Cu + CO₂

To determine the grams of Cu produced, we need to first identify the limiting reactant.

First, we need to convert the given masses of C and Cu₂O to moles;

molar mass of C = 12.01 g/mol

moles of C = 11.5 g / 12.01 g/mol = 0.958 mol

molar mass of Cu₂O = 2(63.55 g/mol) + 16.00 g/mol

= 143.10 g/mol

moles of Cu₂O = 114.5 g / 143.10 g/mol

= 0.800 mol

Next, we need to compare the number of moles of each reactant to their stoichiometric ratio in the balanced equation;

Cu₂O:C = 1:1

Since we have 0.958 mol of C and 0.800 mol of Cu₂O, Cu₂O is the limiting reactant.

To calculate the grams of Cu produced, we need to use the amount of limiting reactant (Cu₂O) as the basis for the calculation:

moles of Cu produced = (0.800 mol Cu₂O) x (2 mol Cu / 1 mol Cu₂O) = 1.60 mol Cu

molar mass of Cu = 63.55 g/mol

mass of Cu produced = (1.60 mol Cu) x (63.55 g/mol) = 101.7 g Cu

Therefore, 101.7 g of Cu is produced.

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The mass of helium present in the blimp is 644 kg.

To calculate the mass of helium present in the blimp, we can use the ideal gas law:

PV = nRT

where:

We can rearrange this equation to solve for the number of moles of gas:

n = PV/RT

Substituting the given values, we get:

n = (1.2 atm) x [tex](5.74 * 10^6 L)[/tex]/ [(0.08206 L·atm/K·mol) x (25°C + 273.15)]

n = 1.61 x [tex]10^5[/tex] moles of helium

Now, to calculate the mass of helium present in the blimp, we can use the molar mass of helium:

mass = n x molar mass

mass = (1.61 x [tex]10^5 mol[/tex]) x (4.00 g/mol)

mass = 644 kg

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--The complete Question is, If the Goodyear Blimp is filled with helium gas at a pressure of 1.2 atm and a temperature of 25°C, what is the mass of helium present in the blimp? (Assume ideal gas behavior and a molar mass of 4.00 g/mol for helium.) --

Without knowing the balanced chemical equation for the reaction involving A2, B, D, and E, it is not possible to determine the equilibrium constant Kp.

The equilibrium constant Kp is specific to a particular chemical reaction at a given temperature, and is determined by the stoichiometry of the reaction and the relative partial pressures of the reactants and products at equilibrium.

Therefore, to calculate Kp, we need to know the balanced chemical equation for the reaction involving A2, B, D, and E, as well as the partial pressures of the gases at equilibrium.

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To find the density of ammonia (NH3) at 646 torr and 10°C, we need to use the Ideal gas law equation:

PV = nRT

Where R is the gas constant, n is the number of moles, P is pressure, V is volume, and T is temperature in Kelvin.

We must first change the pressure from torr to atm:

646 torr = 0.852 atm

The temperature is then changed from Celsius to Kelvin:

10°C + 273.15 = 283.15 K

Now, we can rearrange the ideal gas law equation to solve for density (d):

d = (PM) / (RT)

M is the ammonia's molar mass.

With the supplied values and constants, we obtain:

d = (0.852 atm)(17.04 g/mol) / ((0.0821 atm*L)/(mol*K))(283.15 K)

d = 0.736 g/L

Therefore, the density of ammonia at 646 torr and 10°C is 0.736 g/L.

What do you mean by density of ammonia?

The density of ammonia refers to the mass of ammonia gas per unit volume. The standard temperature and pressure (STP), which is defined as a temperature of 0 degrees Celsius (273.15 Kelvin) and a pressure of 1 atmosphere (101.325 kilopascals or 760 millimeters of mercury), is used to measure the density of ammonia, a colorless gas that is lighter than air.

At STP, the density of ammonia gas is approximately 0.771 grams per liter (g/L) or 0.771 kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m3). However, the density of ammonia can vary depending on the temperature, pressure, and other factors such as the presence of impurities or moisture.

The density of ammonia is an important property in many applications, particularly in the chemical industry. It is used to calculate the amount of ammonia needed for a particular reaction or process, and can also be used to determine the mass or volume of ammonia gas in a storage tank or container.

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In the reaction 2Fe3+(aq) + 2Hg(l) + 2Cl−(aq) → 2Fe2+(aq) + Hg2Cl2(s), the species that loses electrons is Hg(l).

Here, mercury (Hg) undergoes oxidation, changing from Hg(l) to Hg2Cl2(s), and in the process, it loses electrons to form a bond with Cl− ions.

Hg(0)     →        Hg(+1)    +      1 e-

And Iron undergoes reduction, Fe3+ (aq) accepts one electron to become Fe2+ (aq).

Fe(+3)    +      1 e-      →       Fe(+2)

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This problem can be solved using Boyle's Law, which posits that the pressure of any given gas will be inversely proportional to its volume when temperature is kept as a constant.

Mathematically Boyle's Law can be expressed as:

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

where P₁ and V₁ are the initial pressure and volume, respectively, and P₂ and V₂ are the final pressure and volume, respectively.

We are given that:

P₁ = 1.15 atm

V₁ = 640 mL

T = 23.9 °C (which is 297.05 K, using the Kelvin temperature scale)

We need to find V₂ when P₂ = 1.43 atm.

Using Boyle's Law, we can set up the following equation:

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

(1.15 atm)(640 mL) = (1.43 atm)(V₂)

Solving for V₂:

V₂ = (1.15 atm)(640 mL) / (1.43 atm)

V₂ = 514.69 mL

Therefore, the final volume of the methane gas is 514.69 mL when compressed at constant temperature until its pressure is 1.43 atm.

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All else being equal, a reaction with a higher activation energy will have a slower reaction rate compared to one with a lower activation energy.

Activation energy refers to the minimum amount of energy required for a chemical reaction to occur. The higher the activation energy, the more energy is required to initiate the reaction, and thus the slower the reaction rate.

This is because a higher activation energy means that fewer reactant molecules will have enough energy to overcome the energy barrier and form products. Therefore, reactions with higher activation energies require more energy input to proceed and will typically have a slower reaction rate than those with lower activation energies.

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The specific heat in J/(g·ºC) of an unknown substance if a 2. 50-g sample releases 12. 0 cal as its temperature changes from 25. 0ºC to 20. 0ºC. 2.02  J/(g·ºC).

The specific heat of the unknown substance can be calculated using the formula:
q = m x c x ΔT

where q is the heat released, m is the mass of the substance, c is the specific heat, and ΔT is the change in temperature.

First, we need to convert the given heat release from calories to joules:
12.0 cal x 4.184 J/cal = 50.208 J

Next, we can plug in the given values and solve for c:
50.208 J = 2.50 g x c x (25.0°C - 20.0°C)
c = 2.02 J/(g·°C)


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