Companies often use a performance management cycle to evaluate and improve their employees' performance.
This cycle typically involves several stages, including goal-setting, performance planning, ongoing feedback and coaching, performance evaluation, and recognition and rewards.
During the goal-setting stage, managers work with their employees to set specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART) goals. These goals help employees understand what is expected of them and provide a framework for evaluating their performance.
In the performance planning stage, managers and employees collaborate to create a plan for achieving the goals set in the previous stage. This plan may include specific tasks, deadlines, and milestones.
Throughout the cycle, managers provide ongoing feedback and coaching to their employees. This
feedback helps employees understand how they are performing in relation to their goals and provides opportunities for them to make adjustments as needed.
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the complete question is:
explain how companies use the cycle to evaluate and improve performance?
Hercules Exercise Equipment Co. Purchased a computerized measuring device two years ago for $50,000. The equipment falls into the five-year category for MACRS depreciation and can currently be sold for $20,800. A new piece of equipment will cost $140,000. It also falls into the five-year category for MACRS depreciation. Assume the new equipment would provide the following stream of added cost savings for the next six years. Use Table 12–12. Use Appendix B for an approximate answer but calculate your final answer using the formula and financial calculator methods
If the company sells the old equipment for $20,800 and purchases the new equipment for $140,000, the net cost would be $111,200 ($140,000 - $20,800 - $128,983).
Based on the given information, Hercules Exercise Equipment Co. purchased a computerized measuring device two years ago for $50,000, which falls into the five-year category for MACRS depreciation. It can currently be sold for $20,800.
To determine the remaining book value of the equipment, we need to calculate the accumulated depreciation so far. Assuming straight-line depreciation, the annual depreciation expense would be $10,000 ($50,000/5 years). Therefore, the accumulated depreciation after two years would be $20,000 ($10,000 x 2 years). The remaining book value of the equipment would be $30,000 ($50,000 - $20,000).
If the company decides to sell the old equipment and purchase a new piece of equipment for $140,000, the cost of the new equipment would fall into the five-year category for MACRS depreciation as well. Using Table 12-12, the depreciation percentages for the five-year category are as follows:
Year 1: 20.00%
Year 2: 32.00%
Year 3: 19.20%
Year 4: 11.52%
Year 5: 11.52%
Year 6: 5.76%
Assuming the new equipment would provide the following stream of added cost savings for the next six years:
Year 1: $20,000
Year 2: $25,000
Year 3: $30,000
Year 4: $35,000
Year 5: $40,000
Year 6: $45,000
To calculate the net present value of these cost savings, we need to discount each cash flow back to the present using the company's required rate of return. Assuming a required rate of return of 10%, we can use the formula:
NPV = (CF1 / (1 + r)^1) + (CF2 / (1 + r)^2) + ... + (CFn / (1 + r)^n)
Where CF represents the cash flow for each year, r represents the required rate of return, and n represents the number of years.
Using a financial calculator or spreadsheet software, we can calculate the NPV of the cost savings to be $128,983.
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What is the main benefit of the extreme programming (XP)software development?a) emphasizes extensive user involvement to accelerate thesystems development processb) begins or ends each day with a
The main benefit of the extreme programming (XP) software development is that it "emphasizes extensive user involvement to accelerate the systems development process" (option A).
Extreme Programming (XP) is a software development methodology that is iterative and incremental. XP is an agile software development framework that has been developed to help development teams increase their software development speed, quality, and flexibility.
The main objective of Extreme Programming is to provide a high-quality software product while ensuring that the development team enjoys their work. The primary goal of Extreme Programming is to provide developers with a process and tools that enable them to respond rapidly to evolving customer requirements.
The following are some of the advantages of Extreme Programming:
It focuses on providing high-quality software.It emphasizes extensive user involvement to accelerate the systems development process.It's adaptable to changing requirements and quickly responds to new project features.It emphasizes communication and teamwork and relies heavily on pair programming.A collective code ownership approach is employed in which all developers have equal rights to the code's creation and modification.
Option A is the answer.
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What are SMART goals?a. specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, and timelyb. short-term, multidimensional, affordable, realistic, and tangiblec. specific, multidimensional, attainable, reliable, and timelyd. short-term, measurable, adaptable, reliable, and tangible
SMART goals refer to "Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, and Timely" objectives. Therefore, the correct answer is:
a. Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, and Timely
Here's a brief explanation of each term:
1. Specific: The goal should be clear and well-defined.
2. Measurable: The goal should have criteria to track progress and measure success.
3. Attainable: The goal should be achievable and not impossible.
4. Realistic: The goal should be within reach, considering available resources and constraints.
5. Timely: The goal should have a timeframe or deadline for completion.
Thus, the correct answer to the question what are SMART goals is option a.
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Zhao company has fixed costs of $469,200. its single product sells for $193 per unit, and variable costs are $125 per unit. the company reports sales of 10,000 units. prepare a contribution margin income statement for the year ended december 31
The contribution margin of $680,000 covers the fixed costs of $469,200 and generates a net income of $210,800. This means that Zhao Company is profitable and has a positive contribution margin per unit, indicating that it is generating enough revenue to cover the variable costs and contribute to the fixed costs and profits.
To prepare a contribution margin income statement for Zhao Company, we need to calculate the contribution margin per unit and the total contribution margin for the year. We also need to deduct the fixed costs from the total contribution margin to determine the net income.
Firstly, let's calculate the contribution margin per unit:
Contribution Margin per unit = Sales price per unit - Variable cost per unit
Contribution Margin per unit = $193 - $125 = $68
Secondly, let's calculate the total contribution margin for the year:
Total Contribution Margin = Contribution Margin per unit x Number of units sold
Total Contribution Margin = $68 x 10,000 = $680,000
Now, we can prepare the contribution margin income statement for Zhao Company:
Zhao Company Contribution Margin Income Statement
For the Year Ended December 31
Sales revenue (10,000 units x $193 per unit) $1,930,000
Variable costs (10,000 units x $125 per unit) $1,250,000
Contribution margin $680,000
Fixed costs $469,200
Net Income $210,800
In conclusion, preparing a contribution margin income statement helps us understand the financial performance of a company by focusing on the contribution margin generated by its products. By analyzing the contribution margin, we can determine the profitability of the company and make informed decisions about its future operations.
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write short notes on the following supply chain management terms:a.RFxb.Selectionc. Communication with suppliersd. Cost of raw materials
Write short notes on the following supply chain management terms: a. RFX b. Selection c. Communication with suppliers d. Cost of raw materials
a. RFX: RFX stands for Request for Information (RFI), Request for Proposal (RFP), or Request for Quotation (RFQ). It is a formal process used by businesses to gather information, proposals, or quotations from potential suppliers to evaluate their capabilities and select the best supplier for their needs. RFX is crucial in making informed decisions when choosing suppliers.b. Selection: Selection is the process of evaluating and choosing the best supplier based on criteria such as quality, price, delivery time, and other relevant factors. In supply chain management, it is essential to select the right supplier to ensure smooth operations, minimize risks, and optimize costs.c. Communication with suppliers: Effective communication with suppliers is crucial for successful supply chain management. It involves sharing information about product specifications, order quantities, delivery schedules, and quality expectations. Good communication helps build trust, aligns expectations, and enables timely issue resolution, leading to better supplier performance and overall supply chain efficiency.d. Cost of raw materials: The cost of raw materials refers to the expenses incurred in purchasing the raw materials needed for producing goods or services. It is an essential component of the overall production cost and directly impacts the profitability of a business. Managing the cost of raw materials is vital in supply chain management, as it involves negotiating with suppliers, ensuring efficient material usage, and monitoring price fluctuations to optimize costs.Learn more about management terms: https://brainly.com/question/24107115
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Wings Co. Budgeted $555,600 manufacturing direct wages, 2,315 direct labor hours, and had the following manufacturing overhead:
Overhead Cost Pool Budgeted Overhead Cost Budgeted Level for Cost Driver Overhead Cost Driver
Materials handling $160,000 3,200 pounds Weight of materials
Machine setup 13,200 390 setups Number of setups
Machine repair 1,380 30,000 machine hours Machine hours
Inspections 10,560 160 inspections Number of inspections
Requirements for Job #971 which manufactured 4 units of product:
Direct labor 20 hours
Direct materials 130 pounds
Machine setup 30 setups
Machine hours 15,000 machine hours
Inspections 15 inspections
If Wings uses a volume-based overhead rate based on direct labor hours, the manufacturing overhead for Job #971 is:
a. $1,020.
b. $990.
c. $6,400.
d. $3,460.
e. $1,600.
Can you explain what volume based costing is? Is it another name for traditional costing? What are formulas I need to know for ABC and Volume based costing?
Volume-based costing, also known as traditional costing, is a costing method that assigns indirect costs to products based on a single volume-based cost driver, such as direct labor hours, machine hours, or direct material costs. It assumes that the volume-based cost driver is the main cause of the indirect costs incurred in production. The formula for volume-based overhead rate is:
Volume-based overhead rate = Total estimated manufacturing overhead cost ÷ Total estimated volume-based cost driver
On the other hand, activity-based costing (ABC) is a costing method that assigns indirect costs to products based on multiple cost drivers that represent the activities required to produce the products. It recognizes that different activities consume different resources and cost drivers, and thus, more accurately reflects the true costs of production. The formula for ABC overhead rate is:
ABC overhead rate = Total estimated cost of each activity ÷ Total estimated cost driver of each activity
To calculate the overhead cost for a specific job using volume-based costing, you need to first calculate the overhead rate using the total estimated manufacturing overhead cost and the total estimated volume-based cost driver. Then, you multiply the overhead rate by the actual volume-based cost driver for the specific job. In this case, the volume-based cost driver is direct labor hours. The formula is:
Overhead cost for a job = Volume-based overhead rate x Actual direct labor hours for the job
Using the data provided, the volume-based overhead rate is calculated as follows:
Total estimated manufacturing overhead cost = $160,000 + $13,200 + $1,380 + $10,560 = $185,140
Total estimated direct labor hours = 2,315
Volume-based overhead rate = $185,140 ÷ 2,315 = $79.96 per direct labor hour
To calculate the manufacturing overhead for Job #971, you multiply the actual direct labor hours for the job (20) by the overhead rate:
Manufacturing overhead for Job #971 = $79.96 per direct labor hour x 20 direct labor hours = $1,599.20
Therefore, the closest answer to the manufacturing overhead for Job #971 using volume-based costing is option e, $1,600.
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Cash 9,900 accounts payable 2,700
accounts receivable 4,500 debt 3,500
inventory 3,800 other liabilities 1,000
property plant & equipment 16,800 total liabilities 7,200
other assets 1,600 paid-in capital 8,000
retained earnings 21,400
total equity 29,400
total assets 36,600 total liabilities & equity 36,600
1. sell product for $35,000 with historical cost of $28,000
2. sell product for $20,000 with historical cost of $16,000
3. sell product for $25,000 with historical cost of $20,000
required:
what is the final amount in retained earnings?
To determine the final amount in retained earnings, we need more information about the company's financial transactions. Retained earnings are the portion of a company's net income that is not distributed as dividends to shareholders but is instead retained for future use.
We would need to know the company's net income or loss for the period in question, as well as any dividends paid to shareholders during that time. We would also need information on any other adjustments made to retained earnings, such as prior period adjustments or changes in accounting policies.
Without this information, we cannot calculate the final amount in retained earnings. However, we can make some general observations about the company's financial position based on the information provided.
We know that the company has $9,900 in cash and $2,700 in accounts payable. This suggests that the company has some liquidity, but may also have some short-term debts that need to be paid. Depending on the size of the company and the industry in which it operates, this could be a healthy financial position or a cause for concern.
Overall, we need more information to determine the final amount in retained earnings and assess the company's financial health. It is important for investors and stakeholders to have access to complete and accurate financial statements in order to make informed decisions about the company's future.
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ivanhoe oil company is considering investing in a new oil well. it is expected that the oil well will increase annual revenues by $124,600 and will increase annual expenses by $85,000 including depreciation. the oil well will cost $430,000 and will have a $10,000 salvage value at the end of its 10-year useful life. calculate the annual rate of return.
The annual rate of return for the investment in the new oil well is 2.05%, which is lower than the company's required rate of return, making this investment unattractive.
To calculate the annual rate of return, we need to determine the net cash flows for each year of the investment's useful life, which is ten years in this case.
First, we calculate the annual net cash flows, which is the difference between the annual revenue increase and the annual expense increase, including depreciation. Thus, the annual net cash flows are:
Annual net cash flows = Annual revenues - Annual expenses
Annual net cash flows = $124,600 - $85,000 = $39,600
Next, we calculate the total net cash flows over the ten-year life of the investment by summing the annual net cash flows and adding the salvage value at the end of the useful life:
Total net cash flows = (Annual net cash flows x Number of years) + Salvage value
Total net cash flows = ($39,600 x 10) + $10,000 = $400,000
Finally, we calculate the annual rate of return using the following formula:
Annual rate of return = (Total net cash flows / Initial investment) ^ (1/Number of years) - 1
Annual rate of return = [tex]($400,000 / $430,000) ^{ (1/10)} - 1[/tex]
Annual rate of return = 0.0205 or 2.05%
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The steps of the program development life cycle start with.
The program development life cycle (PDLC) is a process that outlines the steps involved in creating software applications. The first step in the PDLC is the planning stage, where the goals and objectives of the program are identified. This includes determining the project scope, defining the target audience, and outlining the budget and timeline.
Once the planning stage is complete, the design phase begins. This involves creating the architecture of the program, including its user interface, database structure, and functionality. Developers then move to the implementation stage, where they write code and build the program. Testing and quality assurance are critical steps in the PDLC, ensuring that the program meets the standards of its intended audience. Once testing is complete, the program is ready for launch.
Finally, the maintenance phase involves ongoing updates and improvements to the program, including fixing bugs, adding new features, and optimizing performance. This phase is ongoing and continues for as long as the program is in use. In summary, the steps of the program development life cycle start with planning, followed by design, implementation, testing, launch, and maintenance. Each stage is critical to ensuring the success of the program and its ability to meet the needs of its intended audience.
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True and False. If False, write a brief note on the reason: a. For Data Warehouses, data is usually extracted from one or more data source systems. b. Transactional database application's typical goals is to get the data out of the system for Analytical purposes. c. Number of users of a Data Warehouse are typically lesser than the number of users for a transactional database application. d. Data in a transaction system is read-only and is not updated or deleted while data in the Data Warehouse is read, deleted and updated often. e. Data Warehouse is also a database with different structure and lesser number of tables compared to a transactional database.
a. True. For Data Warehouses, data is usually extracted from one or more data source systems.
b. False. Transactional database application's typical goals is to get the data out of the system for Analytical purposes.
c. True. Number of users of a Data Warehouse are typically lesser than the number of users for a transactional database application.
d. False. Data in a transaction system is read-only and is not updated or deleted while data in the Data Warehouse is read, deleted and updated often.
e. False. Data Warehouse is also a database with different structure and lesser number of tables compared to a transactional database.
Understanding data warehousea. Data warehouses are designed to support the process of extracting data from one or more source systems in order to analyze it and make more informed business decisions.
b. The typical goal of a transactional database application is to manage the operational data of an organization in real-time. While this data may be used for analytical purposes, the primary goal of a transactional system is to capture, store, and process data in real-time as it is generated.
c. Data warehouses are often used by a smaller number of users than transactional database applications. This is because data warehouses are designed for strategic decision-making and analysis, while transactional systems are used by a larger number of operational users who need to access and update data in real-time.
d. Data in a transactional system is often updated, deleted, and read in real-time as it is generated, while data in a data warehouse is typically read-only and updated on a periodic basis.
e. Data warehouses typically have a different structure than transactional databases, but they often contain more tables rather than fewer. This is because data warehouses are designed to support complex analysis and reporting, which requires a high degree of granularity and detail.
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The article Foundational perspective for ethical and socially responsible marketing decisions" (Murphy et al. , 2017),
In the article "Foundational Perspective for Ethical and Socially Responsible Marketing Decisions" (Murphy et al., 2017), the authors discuss the importance of ethical decision-making in marketing practices.
They emphasize the need for marketers to consider social responsibility and the potential impact of their actions on various stakeholders, including consumers, competitors, and society as a whole.
By integrating ethical principles and social responsibility into marketing decisions, businesses can better align with consumer expectations, maintain positive reputations, and ultimately achieve long-term success.
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When a customer needs any product to buy, a customer goes to the website and chooses the product they want to buy. After the selection of the product, a customer will select the mode of payment, whether it is online or offline and after that product will checkout and ordered. The ordered products information has been exchanged with customer and delivery logistics. This process is being done in just a matter of minutes only. For e-commerce enablement, getting an internet merchant bank account, web hosting, obtaining the digital certificate provider for online transactions, purchasing, or creating the shopping cart software
The process of purchasing products through an e-commerce website involves several important steps. The customer will select the desired product and then proceed to choose the mode of payment, which can be online or offline.
Once the payment is made, the product is checked out and ordered. This process typically takes just a matter of minutes.For an e-commerce website to be enabled, certain key components are required.
These include getting an internet merchant bank account, web hosting, and obtaining a digital certificate provider for online transactions.
In addition, purchasing or creating a shopping cart software is necessary to facilitate the checkout process and manage the products.
Overall, the process of e-commerce enablement can be complex, but it is essential for businesses that want to sell their products online.
By investing in the necessary components and tools, businesses can streamline the purchasing process for customers and increase their online sales.
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conduct focus groups to determine whether employees would prefer subsidized child care or on-site health facilities
In order to determine whether employees would prefer subsidized child care or on-site health facilities, conducting focus groups would be an effective method.
These focus groups could involve a diverse group of employees from various departments and levels within the company. By gathering feedback from employees, the company can determine which benefit would be most valued by their workforce. It's important to note that offering subsidized child care or on-site health facilities would likely have different impacts on the employees' work-life balance, productivity, and overall job satisfaction. Therefore, it's crucial to weigh the pros and cons of each option before making a decision.
Ultimately, the goal should be to provide benefits that meet the needs and preferences of the employees, as this can lead to a more engaged and motivated workforce.
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Which is an example of an e-marketplace? a. An internet service provider b. A uniform resource locator c. An e-distributor d. An e-auction
An illustration of an e-marketplace is a supplier of internet service. Option a is Correct.
The proprietor of the website manages all transactions in what is commonly referred to as an electronic marketplace. Online marketplaces are used by businesses to connect with consumers who wish to buy their goods and services. Online markets like Amazon, eBay, and Craigslist are examples. A virtual online market called an e-marketplace allows companies to sign up as buyers or sellers and conduct business-to-business e-commerce via the internet.
E-marketplaces come in a variety of shapes and sizes and use a variety of business methods. Any location where producers, merchants, or distributors sell and customers buy is a market. Websites, main streets, and stores are a few examples. The phrase may also be used to describe all customers who purchase a good or service. Option a is Correct.
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marconi company has the following information available for the current year: net sales$ 1,137,000 bad debt expense90,960 accounts receivable, beginning of year363,840 accounts receivable, end of year181,920 allowance for doubtful accounts, beginning of year63,672 allowance for doubtful accounts, end of year93,992 what was the amount of write-offs during the year?
The amount of write-offs during the year is$60,640.
From the question;
Net sales = $1,137,000
Bad Debt Expense = $90,960
Accounts receivable beginning of year = $363,840
Accounts receivable end of year = $181,920
Allowance for doubtful accounts, beginning of year = $63,672
Allowance for doubtful accounts, end of year = $93,992
Written off is an accounting term that refers to a reduction in the value of an asset or account. It is a form of loss that occurs when an asset or account is deemed to be uncollectible or no longer of value to the business.
In other words, the asset or account is written off as a bad debt, meaning that the business is no longer expecting to get any value out of it.
Amount written off = Beginning allowance for Doubtful accounts + Bad debts expense - Closing allowance for doubtful accounts
Substitute the value
Amount written off = 63,672 + 90,960 - 93,992
Amount written off = 60,640
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4 [Maximum mark: 13] Almira is considering two different savings schemes. Both schemes involve an initial investment of $1000 in an account In scheme A, at the end of each year $50 is added to the account. In scheme B, at the end of each year 4% compound interest is added to the account. A How much will be in Almira's account at the end of the fifth year after investment in i Scheme A ii Scheme B. Give your answer correct to two decimal places. B What annual compound interest rate would achieve the same outcome for Almira as investing in scheme A for five complete years? c Almira wants to invest for a complete years. For what values of n would Almira be better off investing in scheme B? d Almira estimates that there is 2. 5% depreciation each year. How long would Almira need to save in scheme B to use her savings to purchase something currently valued at $1400? [2] [3] 141
Therefore, Almira needs to save in Scheme B for approximately 11.55 years to use her savings to purchase something currently valued at $1400, assuming a 2.5% annual depreciation rate.
A.i) Scheme A: After 5 years, Almira will have a total of $1000 + ($50 x 5) = $1250 in her account.
ii) Scheme B: After 5 years, Almira will have a total of $1000 x (1 + 0.04)^5 = $1216.65 in her account.
B. To achieve the same outcome as Scheme A, we need to find the interest rate that would give an annual increase of $50 on an initial investment of $1000. Using the formula for compound interest:
$1000 x [tex](1 + r)^5[/tex] - $1000 = $50 x 5
Solving for r, we get:
r = 1.94%
Therefore, an annual compound interest rate of 1.94% would achieve the same outcome as investing in Scheme A for five complete years.
C. Almira would be better off investing in Scheme B if the total amount in the account at the end of n years is greater than $1250 (the total amount in Scheme A after 5 years). Using the formula for compound interest, we can set up the inequality:
$1000 x[tex](1 + 0.04)^n[/tex] > $1250
Solving for n, we get:
n > 5.67
Therefore, for values of n greater than 5.67, Almira would be better off investing in Scheme B.
D. We can use the formula for compound interest to find the length of time Almira needs to save in Scheme B:
$1000 x[tex](1 + 0.04)^n[/tex]= $1400
Solving for n, we get:
n = 11.55
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Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu.
How can you refer to additional information while giving a presentation?
will help you emphasize key points on a specific slide. The Notes section
and not in the main Slide Show view.
Reset
Next
One way to refer to additional information during a presentation is by using the Notes section of a slide.
This section allows presenters to add additional information, talking points, or reminders related to the content on each slide. The Notes section can only be viewed by the presenter and is not visible to the audience, which makes it a useful tool for keeping track of important details without cluttering the main presentation. Presenters can also use handouts or provide links to external sources for the audience to access additional information after the presentation. Referencing additional information helps to clarify key points and provide more context to the audience.
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--The complete question is, What is a way to refer to additional information during a presentation?--
The long run is a planning period: a. less than one year. b. during which the firm can vary all inputs including its plant size. c. less than five years. d. less than six months.
The long run is a planning period during which the firm can vary all inputs including its plant size.
A company can regard all inputs as variables over the long term when planning. There is a time frame known as the long run during which all cost and production elements are erratic. Firms can alter all costs over the long term, but in the near term, they can only affect pricing by changing their production levels. A company may also anticipate challenge in the long run, even though it may currently have a dominance in the near term.
A long run is a period of time when a producer or manufacturer may be flexible with its manufacturing choices. On the basis of anticipated earnings, businesses can either increase or decrease their production capacity, or enter or leave a certain industry.
Option B is the correct answer.
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Pepperdine reported net sales of $8,500 million, net income of $126 million and average accounts receivable, net of $680 million. its accounts receivable turnover is:
Pepperdine's accounts receivable turnover is 12.5 times.
To calculate the accounts receivable turnover, we need to divide the net sales by the average accounts receivable, net.
Accounts Receivable Turnover = Net Sales / Average Accounts Receivable, Net
Using the given figures, we can calculate the accounts receivable turnover as follows:
Accounts Receivable Turnover = $8,500 million / $680 million
Accounts Receivable Turnover = 12.5
Therefore, Pepperdine's accounts receivable turnover is 12.5 times. This means that on average, Pepperdine collects its accounts receivable 12.5 times during a year.
A high accounts receivable turnover indicates that a company has efficient collections procedures and is collecting its excellent receivables quickly.
On the other hand, a low accounts receivable turnover indicates that a company is taking longer to collect its outstanding receivables, which can lead to cash flow issues.
In this case, Pepperdine's accounts receivable turnover of 12.5 is relatively high, which indicates that the company has an efficient collections process and is collecting its outstanding receivables quickly.
This is a positive sign for the company's financial health as it helps to maintain a healthy cash flow and ensures that the company can meet its financial obligations.
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Clean123 Inc. is a closing out it’s dividends account. Which account will it use in the closing entry?
A. service revenue b. retained earnings C. income summary D. operating expenses
Clean123 Inc. will use the Income Summary account to close out its dividends account.
Clean123 Inc. is closing out its dividends account and must record a closing entry to transfer the balance to another account.
The four options presented are service revenue, retained earnings, income summary, and operating expenses. Of these options, Clean123 Inc.
would use the Income Summary account to close out its dividends account.
The Income Summary account is used to summarize all of the company's revenues and expenses for the accounting period and determine the net income or loss.
This account is used in the closing process to transfer the balances of temporary accounts, including dividends, to the Retained Earnings account, which is a permanent account that tracks the company's earnings over time.
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Ticker services began operations in year 1 and holds long-term investments in available-for-sale debt securities. the year-end costs and fair values for its portfolio of these investments follow.
portfolio of available-for-sale securities cost fair value
december 31, year 1 $11,000 $17,500
december 31, year 2 18,900 28,000
december 31, year 3 20,600 30,200
december 31, year 4 14,800 19,700
required:
prepare journal entries to record each year-end fair value adjustment for these securities.
The fair value adjustment for available-for-sale securities is recorded through the following journal entry:
Year 1:
Debit: Unrealized Gain/Loss on Available-for-Sale Securities $6,500
Credit: Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income $6,500
Year 2:
Debit: Unrealized Gain/Loss on Available-for-Sale Securities $9,100
Credit: Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income $9,100
Year 3:
Debit: Unrealized Gain/Loss on Available-for-Sale Securities $9,600
Credit: Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income $9,600
Year 4:
Debit: Unrealized Gain/Loss on Available-for-Sale Securities $4,900
Credit: Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income $4,900
The Unrealized Gain/Loss on Available-for-Sale Securities account is a temporary account that is closed to Retained Earnings at the end of each fiscal year. The Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income account is a permanent account on the balance sheet that accumulates the fair value adjustments until they are realized.
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economies of scale are part 2 a. decreases in information costs that occur as transactions costs increase. b. the reduction in costs per unit that accompanies an increase in volume. c. charges to savers and borrowers imposed by banks in exchange for reducing transactions costs. d. decreases in transactions costs that occur as information costs increase.
Economies of scale are commonly defined as the reduction in costs per unit that accompanies an increase in volume. Option B.
This means that as the production or output of a company increases, the cost of producing each unit of output decreases. This can be attributed to a number of factors, such as spreading fixed costs over a larger output, increased bargaining power with suppliers, and specialization of labor.
One important factor in achieving economies of scale is the reduction in transactions costs. Transactions costs refer to the costs associated with exchanging goods, services, or information between parties.
As a company grows and its output increases, it is likely to engage in more transactions, whether it be with suppliers, customers, or other stakeholders.
By reducing transactions costs, a company can achieve economies of scale by lowering the cost of each transaction.One way to reduce transactions costs is by decreasing information costs.
Information costs refer to the costs associated with acquiring, processing, and transmitting information.
In summary, economies of scale are achieved through a combination of factors, including the reduction of transactions costs. Decreases in information costs can help to reduce transactions costs, which in turn can lead to lower costs per unit and increased efficiencies. However, in some cases, companies may need to increase the scale of their operations in order to achieve economies of scale. Option B.
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This question is from Financial Management Theory and Practice 13th Edition - Chapter 15 - Capital Structure Decisions.
(15-8)
The Rivoli Company has no debt outstanding, and its financial position is given by the following data:
Assets (book = market) 300,000
EBIT 500,000,
Cost of Equity, rs 10%
Stock Price, po $15
Shares outstanding, no 200,000
Tax Rate, t 40%
The firm is considering selling bonds and simultaneously repurchasing some of its stock. If it moves to a capital structure with 30% debt based on market values, its cost of equity, rs, will increase to 11% to reflect the increased risk. Bonds can be sold at a cost rd of 7%. Rivoli is a no growth firm. Hence, all its earnings are paid out as dividends. Earnings are expected to be constant over time.
a. ) What effect would this use of leverage have on the value of the firm:
b. ) What would be the price of Rivoli’s stock?
c. ) What happens to the firm’s earnings per share after the recapitalization?
d. ) The $500,000 EBIT given previously is actually the expected value from the following probability distribution:
Probability EBIT
0. 1 100,000
0. 2 200,000
0. 4 500,000
0. 2 800,000
0. 1 1,100,000
Determine the times – interest – earned ratio for each probability. What is the probability of not covering the interest payment at the 30% debt level?
The probability of not covering the interest payment at the 30% debt level can be calculated as the sum of the probabilities where the TIE ratio is less than one: Probability of not covering interest = Probability (TIE < 1) = 0.4 + 0.2 + 0.1 = 0.7 or 70%
a. The use of leverage will increase the value of the firm, as interest payments on debt are tax-deductible, leading to a decrease in the net cost of debt. This, in turn, will result in an increase in the overall value of the firm.
b. The price of Rivoli's stock after the recapitalization can be calculated as follows:
Market value of equity = Number of shares outstanding × Price per share = 200,000 × $15 = $3,000,000
Market value of debt = 0.3 × $3,000,000 = $900,000
Total value of the firm = Market value of equity + Market value of debt = $3,000,000 + $900,000 = $3,900,000
Number of shares outstanding after repurchase = 200,000 - (Market value of debt / Price per share) = 200,000 - ($900,000 / $15) = 146,000
Price per share after repurchase = Total value of the firm / Number of shares outstanding after repurchase = $3,900,000 / 146,000 = $26.71
c. The firm's earnings per share (EPS) will increase after the recapitalization due to a reduction in the number of outstanding shares. The new EPS can be calculated as follows:
EBIT - Interest / Number of shares outstanding after repurchase = ($500,000 - 0.07 × $900,000) / 146,000 = $2.84
d. The interest payment at the 30% debt level is:
Interest payment = Market value of debt × rd = 0.3 × $3,000,000 × 0.07 = $63,000
The times-interest-earned (TIE) ratio for each probability can be calculated as follows:
Probability EBIT TIE Ratio
0.1 $100,000 14.29
0.2 $200,000 11.43
0.4 $500,000 5.87
0.2 $800,000 7.94
0.1 $1,100,000 10.08
The probability of not covering the interest payment at the 30% debt level can be calculated as the sum of the probabilities where the TIE ratio is less than one:
Probability of not covering interest = Probability (TIE < 1) = 0.4 + 0.2 + 0.1 = 0.7 or 70%
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hich firm is experiencing diseconomies of scale? a. firm b only b. firm c only c. firm a only d. firm a and firm b only
The firm c only is experiencing diseconomies of scale. Diseconomies of scale mostly result from the challenges of managing and organizing a large corporate company.
A diseconomy of scale arises when an organization or the business sector grows to a degree that price per unit skyrocket. When a company can no longer continue its utilization of economies of scale, it occurs. Diseconomies of scale are caused by a variety of variables, but they may all be broadly categorized as internal or external.
The first is a congested workplace where workers and machinery block one another and lower operational effectiveness. The second situation arises when faulty coordination leads to more operational waste. The best level of outputs from multiple processes are not always generated at the same pace, which is the third reason for diseconomies of scale.
Option C is the correct answer.
The complete question is, "Which firm is experiencing diseconomies of scale?
a. Firm A only
b. Firm B only
c. Firm C only
d. Firm A and Firm B only"
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Baillie Power leased high-tech electronic equipment from Courtney Leasing on January 1, 2021. Courtney purchased the equipment from Doane Machines at a cost of $253,000, its fair value. (FV of $1, PV of $1, FVA of $1, PVA of $1, FVAD of $1 and PVAD of $1) (Use appropriate factor(s) from the tables provided. ) Related Information: Lease term 2 years (8 quarterly periods) Quarterly lease payments $18,000 at Jan. 1, 2021, and at Mar. 31, June 30, Sept. 30, and Dec. 31 thereafter Economic life of asset 5 years Interest rate charged by the lessor 8% Required: Prepare a lease amortization schedule and appropriate entries for Baillie Power from the beginning of the lease through December 31, 2021. December 31 is the fiscal year end for each company. Appropriate adjusting entries are recorded at the end of each quarter
This concludes the lease amortization schedule and appropriate entries for Baillie Power from the beginning of the lease through December 31, 2021.
Lease Amortization Schedule for Baillie Power is shown below.
Journal entries for Baillie Power:
01/01/21
Leased Equipment $237,372
Lease Obligation Payable $237,372
(To record the lease of high-tech electronic equipment from Courtney Leasing)
03/31/21
Lease Obligation Payable $14,638
Interest Expense $1,352
Cash $18,000
(To record the quarterly lease payment and interest expense)
12/31/21
Lease Obligation Payable $18,462
Interest Expense $1,784
Leased Equipment $3,926
(To record the quarterly lease payment, interest expense, and reduction in lease obligation)
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Marlene, a cash basis taxpayer, invests in series ee u.s. government savings bonds and bank certificates of deposit (cds). determine the tax consequences of the following on her 2016 gross income.
a. on september 30, 2021, she cashed in series ee bonds for $10,000. she purchased the bonds in 2011 for $7,090. the yield to maturity on the bonds was 3.5%. on july 1, 2020, she purchased a 24-month cd for $10,000. the cd matures on june 30, 2022, and will pay $10,816, yielding a 4% annual return.
b. on july 1, 2021, she purchased a 12-month cd for $10,000. the maturity date on the cd was june 30, 2022, when marlene will receive $10,300.
c. on july 1, 2016, she purchased a cd for $10,000. the maturity date on the cd was june 30, 2017, when marlene would receive $10,300.
a) This interest income will be included in her 2022 gross income.
b) This interest income will be included in her 2022 gross income.
c)this interest income will be included in her 2017 gross income.
a. When Marlene cashed in the Series EE bonds, she realized a gain of $2,910 ($10,000 - $7,090). Since Marlene is a cash basis taxpayer, the gain will be included in her 2021 gross income in the year the bonds were cashed.
For the CD, Marlene will receive $816 ($10,816 - $10,000) in interest income in 2022. Since she is a cash basis taxpayer, this interest income will be included in her 2022 gross income.
b. For this CD, Marlene will receive $300 ($10,300 - $10,000) in interest income in 2022. Since she is a cash basis taxpayer, this interest income will be included in her 2022 gross income.
c. For this CD, Marlene received $300 ($10,300 - $10,000) in interest income in 2017. Since she is a cash basis taxpayer, this interest income will be included in her 2017 gross income.
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product differentiation is the process that firms use to make a product more attractive to potential customers. for each firm listed below, select the way it differentiates its products. a. a library with only large-print books differentiates its products with . b. starbucks' many stores in the same area differentiates its products with . c. jaguar motors differentiates its products with
a. A library with only large-print books differentiates its products with a unique product feature (i.e. large-print books).
b. Starbucks' many stores in the same area differentiates its products with convenience and accessibility.
c. Jaguar Motors differentiates its products with a superior quality and luxurious design.
Product differentiation is a marketing tactic used by businesses to distinguish their goods or services from those of their rivals. It entails developing distinctive product features that set the product apart from rivals on the market, such as design, quality, performance, functionality, or branding. Companies can draw and keep customers who are willing to pay more for the distinctive features or advantages that their products offer by differentiating their products. Product differentiation can also give businesses a competitive edge by fostering customer loyalty to their brands.
Offering superior quality, a distinctive design, cutting-edge features, first-rate customer service, or lower prices are a few examples of product differentiation strategies.
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Type the correct answer in the box. Spell all words correctly.
What type of exchange rate system must Diana select?
Diana is the leader of a small country that has recently joined the international monetary system. Foreign trade plays an important role in this countryâs economy. Diana wants to stabilize trade dealings and boost the confidence of exporters and importers. Further, she wants to win the confidence of foreign investors by offering a stable investment climate.
Diana must therefore opt for the
exchange rate system
Diana must select a fixed exchange rate system for her country. This system will help her stabilize trade dealings and boost the confidence of exporters and importers. Fixed exchange rate systems involve a government or central bank setting a fixed exchange rate for their currency against another currency or a basket of currencies. This means that the exchange rate remains constant and predictable, which can provide a stable investment climate for foreign investors.
A fixed exchange rate system can also be beneficial for countries that rely heavily on foreign trade, as it can help them manage their currency value and maintain their competitiveness in the global market. With a fixed exchange rate, Diana can also avoid currency fluctuations and minimize the risks associated with volatile exchange rates. This can help her maintain a stable economy and attract foreign investment, which can further boost her country's economic growth.
Overall, a fixed exchange rate system can help Diana achieve her goals of stabilizing trade dealings, boosting the confidence of exporters and importers, and winning the confidence of foreign investors. It can also help her country maintain a stable economy and remain competitive in the global market.
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Question 1 of 10: after analyzing your menu, you find that food sales are $1,200 and beverage sales are $800. Your average gross margin for food and beverage is 67%. Which is more profitable, food or beverage? a) food b) beverage c) they are the same d) can't tell from the data
The gross profit for food is $804, which is higher than the gross profit for beverages, which is $536. Therefore, the answer is option (A) food is more profitable.
To determine which is more profitable between food and beverages, we need to calculate the gross profit for each category. Gross profit is the difference between revenue and the cost of goods sold (COGS), expressed as a percentage of revenue. The formula for gross profit margin is:
Gross Profit Margin = (Revenue - COGS) / Revenue x 100%
Given that the average gross margin for both food and beverages is 67%, we can assume that the COGS for each category is 33% of the sales price. Therefore, we can calculate the gross profit for food and beverage as follows:
Gross Profit (Food) = $1,200 x 67% = $804
Gross Profit (Beverage) = $800 x 67% = $536
Based on this calculation, we can see that food is more profitable than beverages. It's important to note that this analysis is based solely on the given information, and there may be other factors that affect profitability, such as the cost of labor, overhead costs, and other expenses. However, based on the information provided, we can conclude that food is more profitable than beverages.
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Multiple-Level Break-Even Analysis Kucera Associates provides marketing services for a number of small manufacturing firms. Kucera receives a commission of 10 percent of sales. Operating costs are as follows: Unit-level costs $ 0. 05 per sales dollar Sales-level costs $ 400 per sales order Customer-level costs $ 1,000 per customer per year Facility-level costs $ 75,000 per year (a) Determine the minimum order size in sales dollars for Kucera to break even on an order. $Answer 8000 (b) Assuming an average customer places five orders per year, determine the minimum annual sales required to break even on a customer. $Answer 60,000 (c) What is the average order size in (b)
a) The minimum order size in sales dollars for Kucera to break even on an order is $8,000.
b) The minimum annual sales required to break even on a customer is $60,000
c) The average order size in (b) is $12,000.
1. Multiple-Level Break-Even analysis :that calculates break-even points for different levels of the cost structure, including unit-level, sales-level, customer-level, and facility-level costs.
2. Unit-level costs: Variable costs incur red for each sales dollar.
3. Sales-level costs: Fixed costs associated with each sales order.
4. Customer-level costs: Fixed costs a ssociated with servicing each customer per year.
5. Facility-level costs: Fixed costs associated with maintaining the overall facility per year.
Now, let's address each part of your question:
(a) To determine the minimum order size in sales dollars for Kucera to break even on an order, you need to consider the unit-level and sales-level costs. Using the formula:
Break-even sales = (Sales-level costs) / (Commission rate - Unit-level costs)
Minimum order size = ($400) / (0.10 - $0.05) = $8,000.
(b) To determine the minimum annual sales required to break even on a customer, you need to consider customer-level and facility-level costs along with the average number of orders per customer:
Break-even sales per customer = (Customer-level costs + (Sales-level costs × Avg. orders per customer)) / (Commission rate - Unit-level costs)
Minimum annual sales = ($1,000 + ($400 × 5)) / (0.10 - $0.05) = $60,000.
(c) To find the average order size in (b), divide the minimum annual sales by the average number of orders per customer:
Average order size = Minimum annual sales / Avg. orders per customer
Average order size = $60,000 / 5 = $12,000.
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