Answer:
Unequal.
Explanation:
The severity of chromosomal abnormalities in these two chromosome are unequal that are equal in length and size but unequal in gene number are because the gene number are different from one another. If the size of gene increase or decrease from the normal range then it will leads to chromosomal abnormalities in the cell so the cells that has normal gene number has normal chromosome as compared to those cells where abnormal gene is present so the chromosomes are abnormal.
States types of nervous systems
Answer:
The nervous system includes both the Central nervous system and Peripheral nervous system. The central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system is made up of the Somatic and the Autonomic nervous systems.
Explanation:
Answer:
The nervous system has two main parts:
The central nervous system The peripheral nervous systemExplanation:
The central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord.
The peripheral nervous system is made up of nerves that branch off from the spinal cord and extend to all parts of the body.
What is meant by a phenotype ratio in a Punnett square? (1 point)
A. the fraction of possible offspring that can be observed to have a trait
B. the number of genes that are possible in offspring
C. the number of alleles in possible offspring
D. the fraction of possible offspring that contain a certain allele in their genes
Given the nature of a punnet square, we can conclude that the ratio in question refers to the combination of genotypes present in the square.
A punnet square is a diagram used to attempt to predict the genetic composition for the offspring of certain parents, that is the genotype for this specific cross. This is done by creating a square in the form of a grid and placing the genotypes of the parents on the outside of this then crossing them along the inside.
This diagram provides us with the probability of each genotype outcome. This is known as the phenotype ratio. The phenotypic ratio is the amount of times a specific outcome, such as a certain pair of alleles appears in the predicted genotypes of any of the offspring pertaining to this cross.
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Answer:
ratio based on the phenotypes of offspring and determined using tools such as Punnett Squares.
Worth 35 points
Which of the following describes characteristics that impact the amount of ozone pollution near Earth's surface?
I. A region's topography
II. An area's weather patterns
III. Human activities
I and II
II and III
I and III
I, II, and III
The answer option which describes the characteristics that impact the amount of ozone pollution near Earth's surface is: A. I and II.
Pollution can be defined as the physical contamination (degradation) of Earth's surface and its environment through an emission of pollutants or waste materials.
Some examples of pollutants or waste materials that causes pollution around the world include;
Nitrogen dioxide.Particulate matter.Lead.Sulphur dioxide.Carbon monoxide.Ozone.Ozone pollution are mainly caused as a result of the emission of nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds.
The amount of ozone pollution near Earth's surface is mainly affected by the following characteristics:
I. A region's topography: the types of landforms formed in a region affects the pollution of ozone.
II. An area's weather patterns: the atmospheric condition in an area affects its level of ozone pollution.
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Answer:
the answer is wrong is not 1 and 2
I'm not sure but i believe it will be 1 2 and 3 I'm sorry if it wrong
Explanation:
Place the following in the correct order as they occur in CELL RESPIRATION.
1. In cytosol, 6-C glucose and 2 ATP split into two 3-C molecules (glycolysis)
2. Acetyl Co-A enters mitochondria and drops off 2-C molecules
3. 2-C molecule combines with 4-C molecule and breaks into two 3-C molecules
4. Resulting 3 C molecule is stabilized BEFORE entering the mitochondria
5. Krebs cycle spins twice; each time stripping 1 carbon to make Co2 as a by-product
6. With each cycle of Krebs, electrons and H+ ions pop off, are picked up by NADH and FADH2 and taken to ETC
7. Electrons and h+ ions pop off and are picked up by NADH
8. 4 molecules of ATP are generated
9. Coenzyme A attaches to 2-C molecule making Acetyl Co-A
10. 1 C is stripped from 3-C PGA and makes Co2
Please help ;(
Active transport of fluid and electrolytes across the cellular membrane typically requires?
Active transport requires energy in the form of ATP conversion, carrier proteins, or pumps in order to move ions against the concentration gradient.
Active transport of fluids and electrolytes across the cell membrane normally requires the expenditure of energy (eg, in the form of ATP) to move a substance against its concentration gradient.
Active or passive transport?Passive transport is a great strategy for moving molecules into or out of the cell. It's cheap, easy, and all the cells have to do is stop and let the molecules diffuse.
In active transport, as opposed to passive transport, the cell expends energy (eg, in the form of ATP) to move a substance against its concentration gradient.
With this information, we can conclude that the active transport of fluids and electrolytes across the cell membrane normally requires the expenditure of energy (eg, in the form of ATP) to move a substance against its concentration gradient.
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In what ways do plants use energy
Answer:
Plants use energy in multiple ways. One way they use energy is to move. Many don't realize that plants move because their exact position does not change. However, plants do shift in order to face the sun and get more light. Additionally, plants grow. For plants to get taller and larger they need to use energy.
What factors may affect population growth ?
what happens when a normal protein is embedded into the cell membrane.
Statistics: Chi-squared Introduction:
A Chi-square test is used to compare observed data with expected data according to a hypothesis. For instance, if you were crossbreeding 2 heterozygous pea plants, you would expect to see a 3:1 phenotypic ratio in the offspring. In this case, if you were to breed 400 pea plants, you would expect to see 300 plants showing the dominant trait and 100 showing the recessive trait. But what happens if you observe only 260 plants with the dominant trait and 140 plants with the recessive trait? Does this mean something is wrong with Mendelian genetics or is this difference in expected results just due to chance (random sampling error)? These are the questions that can be answered using Chi-square statistics.
The results of this statistical test is used to either reject or accept (fail to reject) the null hypothesis. The null hypothesis states there is no significant difference between the observed results and the expected results. This means that if the null hypothesis is accepted, the difference in observed and expected results was just a matter of chance and so the observed results basically "fit" with what was expected.
Degrees of freedom (df) = number of independent outcomes (Y) being compared less 1
df = Y-1
At the 95% confidence interval we are 95% confident that there is a significant difference between the observed and expected results, therefore rejecting the null hypothesis.
Probability Value - Is the decimal value determined from the X2 table and is the probability of accepting the null hypothesis. A 0.05 probability value equates to a 95% confidence interval.
Problem:
The parent generation is yellowed podded and green podded pea plants. You cross a yellow podded pea plant with a green podded pea plant and you get 100% yellow podded plants in the 1st generation [F1 generation] (Phenotypic ratio 4 yellow : 0 green).
What will be the expected phenotypic ratio when you allow the F1 generation to reproduce? Work a Punnett square.
We observed 1150 yellow and 350 green when actually crossing F1 generation.
Would this be a consistent with what was expected?
Do your work and answer the questions on a separate paper/ document and upload it here.
Why would you run a Chi-squared test?
To determine if our data exactly matches the expected results.
To determine if our data is consistent with expected results.
To determine the expected results.
To compare the phenotypic ratios to the genotypic ratios.
Determine the degrees of Freedom of the phenotypic ratio for this genetic cross.
1
2
3
4
5
Using the data given, what is the result of your Chi-squared analysis? x2= ___.
2.22
2.71
4.36
187.78
448.27
Using the results of your Chi-squared analysis, do we fail to reject or reject the null (i.e. no connection) hypothesis?
Fail to reject the null
Reject the null
It cannot be determined from the data given
If we flipped a coin 100 times. Which of the following is the minimum number necessary to achieve significance?
55
60
63
70
75
We perform a Chi-square analysis to find out if the difference between observed and expected is due to chance or not. In this example, 1) FD=1 / 2) X² = 2.22 / 3) Fail to reject the null / 4) 75.
-------------------------------------------------
Since a complete introduction to Chi-square was provided, we will proceed with the problem analysis.
1st Cross: Yellow x green
Parentals) YY x yy
F1) 100% Yy, yellow
2nd Cross: Yellow x yellow (From F1)
Parentals) Yy x Yy
F2) 3/4 = 75% of the progeny is expected to be yellow
1/4 = 25% of the progeny is expected to be green
We know from the data, that there are 1500 individuals in F2. So we can get the expected number of individuals from this data.
100 % of the progeny ----------------------- 1500 individuals
75 % yellow ------------------------------------X = 1125 individuals
25% green -------------------------------------X = 375 individuals
We assume the population is in H-W equilibrium, but we observe differences in what we expect to see and what we actually see. We want to know why.
H₀ = there is no significant difference between the observed results and the expected results. The difference in observed and expected results is by chance.H₁ = The difference in observed and expected results is not just a matter of chance.Now we will make a table resuming information
Yellow Green
Observed 1150 350
Expected 1125 375
(Obs-Exp)²/Exp 0.555 1.666
X² = Σ(Obs-Exp)²/Exp = 0.555 + 1.666 = 2.221Y = 2 df = Y-1 = 2 - 1 = 1Significance level / probability value = 0.05Table value / Critical value = 3.841P₀.₀₅ > X²3.841 > 2.221We can see that the table value is greater than the X² value, so there is not enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis.
The genotypes might be in equilibrium, and there might be independent assortment.
This results suggest that the difference between the observed individuals and the expected individuals is by random chances.
So now let us answer the questions,
1) Determine the degrees of Freedom of the phenotypic ratio for this genetic cross ⇒ DF = 2 - 1 = 1
2) What is the result of your Chi-squared analysis? ⇒ X² = 2.22
3) Do we fail to reject or reject the null hypothesis? ⇒
We Fail to reject the null hypothesis. There is not enough evidence to reject it.
4) If we flipped a coin 100 times. Which of the following is the minimum number necessary to achieve significance? 75 is the minimum number necessary to achieve significance
--------------------------------------
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how many chromosomes in chimpanzee
Answer:
48
Explanation:
Humans have 46 chromosomes, whereas chimpanzee, gorilla, and orangutan have 48
Answer:
Chimpanzee have 48 chromosomes whereas human have 46
Explanation:
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Food sample "E" tested positive for which tests?
What is the significance of extra atmospheric carbon dioxide in the earths earth's atmosphere
Answer:
Extra Carbon Dioxide in the atmosphere increases the temperature on Earth.
Explanation:
Carbon Dioxide is a greenhouse gas so when there is increasing Carbon Dioxide we see the greenhouse effect.
The collect data step of the scientific method comes before the hypothesis step. True or False?
Answer:
true after data collection you state your hypothesis
when do humans use anaerobic respiration
Answer:
Anaerobic respiration in humans occurs in muscles during strenuous exercise when sufficient oxygen is not available.
Explanation:
if you examined a potato cell under a microscope how could you tell that it was a plant cell?
Answer:
When looking at a plant cell and an animal cell, you will notice one significant difference (though there are many more). A plant cell has one large central vacuole, whereas an animal cell has many.
Explanation:
Have a great day, and spread some positivity!
A plant cell can be identified by the presence of a cell wall, a large central vacuole, and chloroplasts.
The cell wall is a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane. It is made up of cellulose, a type of carbohydrate. The cell wall provides support and protection for the cell. Animal cells do not have a cell wall.
The central vacuole is a large space filled with water. It is located in the center of the cell. The central vacuole helps to maintain the cell's shape and turgor pressure. Animal cells do not have a central vacuole.
Chloroplasts are organelles that contain chlorophyll. Chlorophyll is the green pigment that allows plants to photosynthesize. Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and glucose. Animal cells do not have chloroplasts.
If you examined a potato cell under a microscope, you would be able to see these features. The cell wall would appear as a thin, clear layer around the cell. The central vacuole would appear as a large, empty space in the center of the cell. The chloroplasts would appear as green, oval-shaped organelles.
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Compare and contrast Mitosis and Meiosis.
How many pairs of cranial nerves do humans have?
(a) 12 (b) 31 (c) 21 (d) 16
Answer:
A
Explanation:
correct me if I'm wrong thanks
What do frogs (and all animals) need in order for their bodies to grow, develop, and repair themselves? How do animals use these materials for bodily processes?
Answer:
:P :P :P :P :P :P :P :P :P :P :P :P
Fill in the blanks
Word bank:
Complimentary bases
mRNA
ribosome
tRNA
transcription
Protein
Cytoplasm
Codon
Nucleus
Amino acid
Translation
AUG
Helicase
Peptide
UAG UGA UAA
Stop
Template
DNA Carries the cell’s genetic information however it cannot leave the ________.
Because of this, it copies part of its nucleotide sequence into a complementary copy of _____ during the process called ______.
_______ separates the DNA strands.
____ from which nucleotides are assembled into a strand of RNA.
Each three letter sequence on the mRNA is called a _____.
The start codon is _____ and the three stop codons are _____.
Once the mRNA leaves the nucleus it goes to the ____ to prepare for protein synthesis which is called _______.
During this process, a _____ molecule brings the _____ to the ribosome.
The amino acids are hooked together by _____ bonds.
The tRNA is able to match up to the mRNA by the ____ in its anticodons.
When the _____ codon is reached, the _____ chain is released into the _____.
The complete sentences with the correct words in the blanks is as follows.
DNA Carries the cell’s genetic information however it cannot leave the nucleus.
Because of this, it copies part of its nucleotide sequence into a complementary copy of mRNA during the process called transcription.
Helicase separates the DNA strands.
Template from which nucleotides are assembled into a strand of RNA.
Each three letter sequence on the mRNA is called a codon.
The start codon is AUG and the three stop codons are UAG, UGA, and UAA
Once the mRNA leaves the nucleus it goes to the cytoplasm to prepare for protein synthesis which is called translation.
During this process, a tRNA molecule brings the amino acids to the ribosome.
The amino acids are hooked together by peptide bonds.
The tRNA is able to match up to the mRNA by the complimentary bases in its anticodons.
When the stop codon is reached, the protein chain is released into the ribosome.
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Answer:
DNA carries the cell’s genetic information; however, it cannot leave the nucleus.
Because of this, it copies part of its nucleotide sequence into a complementary copy of
mRNA during the process called transcription.
During this process, the enzyme,
helicaseseparates the DNA strands.
One strand of DNA acts as the
template from which nucleotides are assembled into a strand of RNA.
Each three letter sequence on the mRNA is called a codon .
The start codon is AUG and the three stop codons are UAG UGA UAA.
Once the mRNA leaves the nucleus it goes to the ribosome to prepare for protein
synthesis which is called translation.
During this process, a tRNA molecule brings the amino acid to the ribosome.
The amino acids are hooked together by peptide bonds.
The tRNA is able to match up to the mRNA by the complimentary bases in its anticodons.
When the stop codon is reached, the protein chain is released into the cytoplasm.
Blank 1:
nucleus
Blank 2:
mRNA
Blank 3:
transcription
Blank 4:
helicase
Blank 5:
template
Blank 6:
codon
Blank 7:
AUG
Blank 8:
UAG UGA UAA
Blank 9:
ribosome
Blank 10:
translation
Blank 11:
tRNA
Blank 12:
amino acid
Blank 13:
peptide
Blank 14:
complimentary bases
Blank 15:
stop
Blank 16:
protein
Blank 17:
cytoplasm
a ___ specimen should be used for the CRP test.
A: plasma
B: serum
C: urine
D: spinal fluid
Answer:
I think your answer is B. Serum.
the difference between Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
Answer:
Eukaryotic cells are cells with a nucleus (such as animal and plant cells) whereas Prokaryotic cells are cells without a nucleus (such as a bacterium cell)
Explanation:
In the picture down below is my question
Answer:
The answer is Telophase
The two types of weathering are
A
terrestrial and aquatic.
B
wind and precipitation.
С
mechanical and chemical.
D
physical and metaphysical.
The Earth is primarily composed of:
water
rock
gas
Resposta: resposta é a
water
Explanation:
The earth is primarily composed of rock. Therefore, option B is correct.
What is the structure of the earth?The crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core are the four principal parts that make up the earth's structure. Each layer has a distinct chemical makeup, physical state, and potential to affect life on the surface of the Earth.
the outermost layer crust is composed primarily of granite and basalt rock. Oceanic and continental crusts are two different types. The majority of the oceanic crust is made of basalt and is denser and thinner. Granite makes up the majority of the less dense, thicker continental crust. The mantle is made of solid rock that is hot, thick, and rich in iron and magnesium. The liquid and solid portions of the core make up the earth's center.
The earth is primarily composed of rock. Therefore, option B is correct.
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How is the plasma membrane of a cell like dialysis tubing?
Like a cell membrane, dialysis tubing has a semi-permeable membrane, which allows small molecule to permeate through the membrane. Thus, the dialysis tubing mimics the diffusion and osmosis processes of the cell membrane (Alberts, 2002). ... Instead, facilitated diffusion would be needed to transport the glucose.
Atoms whose outer electron shells contain eight electrons tend to do what
Answer:
Atoms with a full valence shell are non reactive. Most shells have room for 8 electrons, so these atoms described are most likely noble gases. The answer is more or less nothing. They do not react because they have no electronegativity and no "extra" electrons
Explanation:
Atoms with a full valence shell are non reactive. Most shells have room for 8 electrons, so these atoms described are most likely noble gases. The answer is more or less nothing.
What is electronic configuration of carbon?Carbon atomic number is 6. Its electronic configuration is 1s2 2s2 2p2. As you can see from the electronic configuration the inner shell has 2 electrons and the outer shell with principal quantum number 2 has 4 electrons.
An atom is made up of electrons, protons and neutrons. Both protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus of the atom, while electrons are in the shell/s. The shell of an atom is the orbit on which the electrons revolve around the nucleus. The number of shells in an atom extends from the first, n =1, to infinity, n = ∞, depending on the number of electrons in the given atom.
The first shell, n =1, is the ground state and can only contain a maximum of 2 electrons. The inner shell contains two electrons and the outer shell contains four electrons.
Therefore, Atoms with a full valence shell are non reactive. Most shells have room for 8 electrons, so these atoms described are most likely noble gases. The answer is more or less nothing.
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Giving brainliest!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Answer:
bacteria
Explanation:
bacteria and archaea are the only prokaryotes.
Answer:
Cycad
Explanation:
I am not 100% sure please correct me if I am wrong
Where is curriculum?
help asap!! :(
the organ in many nonflowering plants which produces an egg cell is the___
strobila or cone produce egg cell in non flowering plants
The organ in many nonflowering plants which produces an egg cell is the strobila or cone produce.
What is nonflowering plants?Nonflowering plants don't produce flowers; instead, they produce microscopic reproductive elements called seeds or spores that may be used to create additional plants that look just like them.
What is strobila?A shorter stem with several altered leaves bearing sporangia makes up strobili. Gymnosperms, like all seed plants, are heterosporous. Usually, different cones are used to carry the sporangia that produce the male microspores as well as female megaspores.
Nonflowering plants like ferns, mosses, etc other nonflowering plants have reproductive organs called antheridium and archegonium. The male gametophyte's primary source of sperm cells would be the antheridium (male gametes). Numerous sperm will be produced by the antheridium for fertilization.
Therefore, The organ in many nonflowering plants which produces an egg cell is the strobila or cone produce.
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biology define the term bio technology?
Answer:
Biotechnology is technology that utilizes biological systems, living organisms or parts of this to develop or create different products.
Answer:
the exploitation of biological processes for industrial and other purposes, especially the genetic manipulation of microorganisms for the production of antibiotics, hormones, etc.
Explanation: