The type of radiation most likely used in a smoke detector is alpha radiation.
Alpha radiation is used in smoke detectors because it can be easily stopped by small smoke particles. Americium-241, a radioactive element, emits alpha particles which ionize the air, creating a small electric current. When smoke enters the detector, it absorbs the alpha particles, disrupting the current and triggering the alarm.
Alpha radiation is ideal for this application as it has a low penetration power, meaning even small particulates like smoke can stop its travel, ensuring the detector's sensitivity to smoke. Additionally, alpha radiation poses a minimal risk to human health when contained properly within the device.
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How much propane is used to produce 1000 grams of water
To produce 1000 grams of water, approximately 612.72 grams of propane are used in the combustion reaction.
To determine how much propane is used to produce 1000 grams of water, we must first understand the combustion reaction involving propane.
Propane (C3H8) is a hydrocarbon that undergoes combustion in the presence of oxygen (O2) to produce water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2). The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is:
C3H8 + 5O2 → 3CO2 + 4H2O
From the balanced equation, we can see that 1 mole of propane (C3H8) produces 4 moles of water (H2O).
Next, we need to convert the mass of water (1000 grams) into moles, using the molar mass of water (18.015 g/mol):
1000 g H2O × (1 mol H2O / 18.015 g H2O) = 55.56 moles H2O
Now, using the stoichiometry from the balanced equation, we can find the moles of propane needed:
55.56 moles H2O × (1 mol C3H8 / 4 moles H2O) = 13.89 moles C3H8
Finally, we need to convert moles of propane into grams, using the molar mass of propane (44.097 g/mol):
13.89 moles C3H8 × (44.097 g C3H8 / 1 mol C3H8) = 612.72 grams
So, to produce 1000 grams of water, approximately 612.72 grams of propane are used in the combustion reaction.
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What is the weight of an object that has the area of 74.6 m² and exerts a pressure of 1500 N/m^2
111900g is the weight of an object that has the area of 74.6 m² and exerts a pressure of 1500 N/m².
Weight being a force The SI unit for weight is Newton (N), which also happens to be the same as the SI unit for force. When we look at how weight is expressed, we can see how it depends on both mass as well as the acceleration caused by gravity; while the mass might not vary from one location to another, the acceleration caused by gravity does.
Pressure = thrust/ area
= weight/ area
1500 = weight/ 74.6
weight = 111900g
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A mixture contains 1. 00kg of aluminium and 3. 00 kg of iron oxide. The equation for the reaction is 2Al+Fe2O3 =2Fe +Al2o3 Show that aluminium is a limiting reactant Relative atomic masses:O=16 Al=27 Fe=56
The maximum amount of Al₂O₃ that can be produced in this reaction is 1.00 kg, which confirms that aluminium is the limiting reactant.
To determine if aluminium is the limiting reactant in this reaction, we need to first calculate the theoretical yield of the reaction using both reactants.
From the balanced equation, we can see that for every 2 moles of aluminium, we need 1 mole of iron oxide.
1.00 kg of aluminium has a mass of 1000 g / 27 g/mol = 37.04 moles.
3.00 kg of iron oxide has a mass of 3000 g / (2 x 56 g/mol + 3 x 16 g/mol) = 13.39 moles.
Since we need half as many moles of iron oxide as aluminium for the reaction, the aluminium is the limiting reactant.
To calculate the theoretical yield of the reaction, we need to use the amount of aluminium as the limiting factor.
Since the balanced equation shows that 2 moles of aluminium react to produce 1 mole of Al₂O₃, we can calculate the theoretical yield of Al₂O₃ as:
37.04 moles Al x (1 mol Al₂O₃ / 2 mol Al) x (2 x 27 g/mol Al₂O₃) = 999.5 g or 1.00 kg (rounded to two significant figures).
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Describe the following mixtures by checking all of the terms that apply.
Cranberry juice smoke
THESE ARE THE ANSWERS!!!!!
The appropriate term for the following mixtures are;
Cranberry juice: homogeneous, solution Smoke: heterogeneous, colloidWhat is a mixture?A mixture is a substance made when two or more substances are combined, but they are not combined chemically.
The components of a mixture can be easily separated because each component keep their original properties or identity.
A homogenous mixture is a gaseous, liquid or solid mixture that has the same proportions of its components throughout a given sample e.g. juice while heterogenous mixture is a mixture in which the composition is not uniform throughout the mixture e.g. smoke.
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Answer:
Its in my screenshot
Explanation:
how might an enzyme speed up a certain chemical reaction? 1 point by binding to the substrate(s) in the active site in an optimal orientation by creating an environment suitable for catalysis (e.g. acidic / basic residues) by stabilising the highest energy part of the reaction (transition state) by expelling water/unwanted reactants from the active site all of the above
An enzyme can speed up a certain chemical reaction by all of the above ways mentioned. Option E is correct.
Enzymes are biological catalysts that increase the rate of chemical reactions without being consumed in the process. Enzymes work by binding to their substrates in a specific manner, which allows for the formation of an enzyme-substrate complex. The active site of the enzyme provides a suitable environment for catalysis, with the presence of acidic or basic residues, which can act as proton donors or acceptors to facilitate the reaction.
Additionally, enzymes can stabilize the highest energy part of the reaction, which is called the transition state. By stabilizing the transition state, the enzyme can lower the activation energy required for the reaction to occur. Enzymes can also expel water or unwanted reactants from the active site to prevent non-specific reactions from occurring. All of these mechanisms work together to speed up a certain chemical reaction and make it occur more efficiently. Option E is correct.
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Design a concept map that shows the relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature in boyle's charles's and gay-lussac's laws
Gay-Lussac's Laws, also known as the Pressure-Temperature Law and Volume-Temperature Law, are a set of gas laws that explain the relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature in a given gas sample.
According to Gay-Lussac's Laws, if the pressure of a gas is increased while the volume remains constant, the temperature of the gas will also increase. Similarly, if the volume of a gas is decreased while the pressure remains constant, the temperature of the gas will increase as well.
In terms of a concept map, Gay-Lussac's Laws can be placed in the center with arrows pointing to both Boyle's Law and Charles's Law, which are two other gas laws that are also related to pressure, volume, and temperature.
Boyle's Law states that the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume, while Charles's Law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature.
To connect these three gas laws, the arrows can be labeled with key terms such as "pressure," "volume," and "temperature," with each gas law demonstrating how changes in one variable will affect the others.
The concept map can also include real-world examples of each gas law, such as how a tire pressure gauge can be used to demonstrate Boyle's Law, or how a hot air balloon can be used to demonstrate Charles's Law.
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How many moles of gas occupy 128L at a pressure of 4. 2 atm and a temperature of 382K
To solve this problem, we need to use the ideal gas law which states that PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature. Rearranging this equation, we can solve for n by dividing both sides by RT.
n = PV/RT
Now, we can plug in the given values:
n = (4.2 atm)(128 L)/(0.0821 L*atm/mol*K)(382 K)
n = 16.4 moles
Therefore, 16.4 moles of gas occupy 128L at a pressure of 4.2 atm and a temperature of 382K.
It's important to note that the ideal gas law is only applicable to ideal gases, which follow certain assumptions such as having no intermolecular forces and having particles with negligible volume. Real gases can deviate from these assumptions, especially at high pressures and low temperatures. However, for most practical purposes, the ideal gas law provides a good approximation of gas behavior.
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can someone check these answers for me and give the right answer? (explanation would be super helpful but not required) studying for a chem test
Based on the properties of elements, the correct options for the reactivity and composition of elements and compounds are:
B)A) C)C)B)B)D)D) What are reactive elements?Reactive elements are elements that readily react with other elements by gaining or losing electrons.
Reactive elements may be metals such as alkali metals and alkaline earth metals or they may be non-metals such as halogens.
Considering the given questions about the properties of elements, the correct options are:
B) Noble gases are the least reactive group of elements.A) CO is a molecule made up of the elements carbon and oxygen.C) Mg, Ca, and Sr belong to the alkaline earth metal family.C) elements in the periodic table are arranged according to their atomic number.B) the atomic number tells us the number of protons in an atom.B) an electron carries a negative charge and is very small compared to the proton.D) the identity of an element is determined by the number of protons in its atom.D) the outermost electron orbits of noble gases have the maximum number of electrons.False. In a neutral atom, the number of electrons always equals the number of protons.False. In a physical change, no new substance is produced.True. Burning is an example of a chemical change.False. Non-metals are not lustrous, ductile, or malleable.True. Compounds are made up of two or more elements.True. Compounds cannot be broken down into simpler substances by physical means.True. To determine the number of neutrons, subtract the atomic number from the mass number.False. In Bohr's atomic model, the first electron orbit holds a maximum of 2 electrons.True. In the alkali metal family, the elements lower in the column are more reactive.True. Hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen are examples of non-metals.True. A gas that can re-ignite a glowing splint is oxygen.A change of state is a physical change.A change of color is evidence of a chemical change.Corrosion is a reaction between a metal and oxygen.Learn more about reactive elements at: https://brainly.com/question/30210122
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A 100ml sample of 0.40m hydrofluoric acid is mixed with 100ml of 0.40m lithium hydroxide. will the ph of the final solution be less than 7, equal to 7, or greater than 7
The pH of the final solution will be equal to 7.
When 100 mL of 0.40 M hydrofluoric acid (a weak acid) is mixed with 100 mL of 0.40 M lithium hydroxide (a strong base), the reaction can be represented as:
HF + LiOH → LiF + H₂O
As both solutions have equal concentrations and volumes, they will completely neutralize each other. The product, LiF, is a soluble salt and will dissociate into Li+ and F- ions in water.
Since the number of moles of H+ and OH- ions is the same in the reaction, they will react to form water (H₂O), resulting in a neutral solution with a pH of 7. The formation of water from equal amounts of H⁺ and OH⁻ ions indicates that the solution is neither acidic nor basic, thus leading to a pH of 7.
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If i contain 3. 15 moles in a container with a volume of 67 liters and at a temperature Of 472 K what is the pressure
Answer:1.8
Explanation:
=nrt/v
P=(3.15)(.0821)(472)/67
P=1.82atm
If the original volume of a gas was 300 L at 0. 250 atm and 400. 0 K, what is the volume of the gas at 2. 00 atm and 200. 0 K?
The volume of the gas at 2.00 atm and 200.0 K is 18.75 L.
We can use the combined to solve this problem:
(P1 * V1) / (T1) = (P2 * V2) / (T2)
where P is pressure, V is volume, and T is temperature.
Plugging in the given values:
(0.250 atm * 300 L) / (400.0 K) = (2.00 atm * V2) / (200.0 K)
Simplifying:
V2 = (0.250 atm * 300 L * 200.0 K) / (2.00 atm * 400.0 K)
V2 = 18.75 L
Therefore, the volume of the gas at 2.00 atm and 200.0 K is 18.75 L.
Gas laws refer to a set of principles that describe the behavior of gases under different conditions, including pressure, temperature, and volume.
There are several gas laws, including Boyle's law, Charles's law, Gay-Lussac's law, and the ideal gas law.
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What is the mass of 6. 02 x 10^22 molecules of fluorine gas at stop
Answer:
3.7996 g
Explanation:
From the number of molecules we can find the number of moles of Fluorine gas (F2) and multiply by Fluorine Gas' molecular weight. Fluorine gas is F2,
F = 18.998g/mol.
F2 (g) = 18.998*2 =37.996g F2(g)/mol
1 mol = 6.02 x 10^23 molecules
[tex]\frac{6.02*10^{22} molecules}{6.02*10^{23}molecules / mole }\\\\ = 0.1 mole[/tex]
0.1 mol x 37.996g F2 (g) / mol
3.7996 g F2
A 1500. 0 gram piece of wood with a specific heat capacity of 1. 8 g/JxC absorbs 67,500 Joules of heat. If the final temperature of the wood is 57C, what is the initial temperature of the wood?
The formula for heat capacity, which is Q = m x c x ΔT. Q represents the amount of heat absorbed, m is the mass of the object, c is the specific heat capacity, and ΔT is the change in temperature.
In this case, we know the mass of the wood is 1500.0 grams and the specific heat capacity is 1.8 g/JxC. We also know that the wood absorbed 67,500 Joules of heat. Finally, we know the final temperature of the wood is 57C. We can use this information to solve for the initial temperature.
First, we need to rearrange the formula to solve for ΔT. ΔT = Q / (m x c)
ΔT = 67,500 J / (1500.0 g x 1.8 g/JxC)
ΔT = 25°C
Next, we can use the final temperature and ΔT to solve for the initial temperature. The initial temperature can be found by subtracting the change in temperature from the final temperature.
Initial temperature = final temperature - ΔT
Initial temperature = 57°C - 25°C
Initial temperature = 32°C
Therefore, the initial temperature of the wood was 32°C.
In summary, heat capacity is a measure of an object's ability to absorb heat. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object. In this problem, we used the formula for heat capacity to solve for the initial temperature of a piece of wood. We found that the initial temperature was 32°C, given that the wood absorbed 67,500 Joules of heat and its final temperature was 57°C.
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P4 +O2–> P2O3
If there is 65. 1 g P4 and 34. 2 g O2, what is the Limiting Reactant? How much Product
is formed (in grams)?
Limiting reactant: O2 and Amount of product formed: 47.7 g P2O3
To determine the limiting reactant and the amount of product formed, we need to first calculate the amount of product that can be formed from each reactant, assuming they completely react.
From the balanced chemical equation:
[tex]P4 + O2 → P2O3[/tex]
The stoichiometry of the reaction shows that 1 mole of P4 reacts with 5 moles of O2 to form 2 moles of [tex]P2O3[/tex]. Therefore, we need to calculate the number of moles of each reactant:
Number of moles of P4 = 65.1 g / 123.9 g/mol = 0.525 mol
Number of moles of O2 = 34.2 g / 32.0 g/mol = 1.069 mol
Next, we can calculate the amount of product that can be formed from each reactant:
From P4: (0.525 mol P4) x (2 mol P2O3 / 1 mol P4) x (109.9 g/mol P2O3) = 115.6 g P2O3
From O2: (1.069 mol O2) x (2 mol P2O3 / 5 mol O2) x (109.9 g/mol P2O3) = 47.7 g P2O3
Therefore, we can see that the amount of P2O3 that can be formed from O2 is lower than that of P4. This indicates that O2 is the limiting reactant, and P4 is in excess.
The maximum amount of product that can be formed is 47.7 g P2O3. This is the amount of product that would be formed if all the O2 was consumed. Therefore, the answer is:
Limiting reactant: O2
Amount of product formed: 47.7 g P2O3
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If 32.0 g of hcl is to be diluted to make a 4.80 m solution, how much water should be added? question 7 options: 0.18 l 0.92 l 6.7 l 18 l
To answer this question, we need to use the equation for molarity, which is:
Molarity = moles of solute / volume of solution in liters
We can rearrange this equation to solve for the volume of solution:
Volume of solution = moles of solute / molarity
First, we need to calculate the number of moles of HCl in 32.0 g. The molar mass of HCl is 36.5 g/mol, so:
32.0 g / 36.5 g/mol = 0.8767 mol HCl
Next, we need to calculate the volume of solution needed to make a 4.80 m solution. Using the equation above:
Volume of solution = 0.8767 mol / 4.80 mol/L = 0.1826 L or 182.6 mL
Finally, we need to calculate how much water needs to be added. We started with 32.0 g of HCl and added water to make a total volume of 182.6 mL. The volume of water added is therefore:
Volume of water added = 182.6 mL - 32.0 g / 1 g/mL = 150.6 mL
Converting to liters:
Volume of water added = 150.6 mL / 1000 mL/L = 0.1506 L
Therefore, the answer is 0.18 L of water should be added to 32.0 g of HCl to make a 4.80 m solution.
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An ethanol plant distills alcohol from corn. The distiller processes 2. 0 t/h of feed containing 15% alcohol and 82% water; the rest is inert material. The bottoms (waste) produced is 85% of the feed and contains 94% water, 3. 5% inert material, and 2. 5% alcohol. The vapor (product) from the top of the distiller is passed through a condenser and cooled to produce the final product. Determine the rate of production of the final product and its composition
To determine the rate of production of the final product and its composition, we can start by calculating the mass balance for the alcohol in the system.
Given:
Feed rate = 2.0 t/h
Alcohol content in the feed = 15%
Water content in the feed = 82%
Bottoms composition: 94% water, 3.5% inert material, and 2.5% alcohol
We can assume that the inert material remains constant throughout the process, so we only need to consider the alcohol and water components.
Calculation of alcohol mass in the feed:
Alcohol mass in feed = Feed rate * Alcohol content
= 2.0 t/h * 0.15
= 0.3 t/h
Calculation of water mass in the feed:
Water mass in feed = Feed rate * Water content
= 2.0 t/h * 0.82
= 1.64 t/h
Calculation of alcohol mass in the bottoms:
Alcohol mass in bottoms = Alcohol mass in feed * Bottoms composition (alcohol)
= 0.3 t/h * 0.025
= 0.0075 t/h
Calculation of water mass in the bottoms:
Water mass in bottoms = Water mass in feed * Bottoms composition (water)
= 1.64 t/h * 0.94
= 1.5416 t/h
Calculation of alcohol mass in the product:
Alcohol mass in product = Alcohol mass in feed - Alcohol mass in bottoms
= 0.3 t/h - 0.0075 t/h
= 0.2925 t/h
Calculation of water mass in the product:
Water mass in product = Water mass in feed - Water mass in bottoms
= 1.64 t/h - 1.5416 t/h
= 0.0984 t/h
Therefore, the rate of production of the final product is 0.2925 t/h, and its composition is approximately 2.5% alcohol and 97.5% water.
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Which of the following solutions will have the greatest concentration?
a. 2 moles of solute dissolved in 1 liter of solution
b. 0.3 mole of solute dissolved in 0.6 liter of solution
c. 2 moles of solute dissolved in 10 liters of solution
d. 0.1 mole of solute dissolved in 0.5 liter of solution
2 moles of solute dissolved in 1 liter of solution has the greatest concentration.
What is concentration of a solution?Concentration refers to the quantity of solute that is dissolved in a specific amount of solution, and it is commonly measured in units such as moles per liter or grams per liter.
Equation:To determine which solution has the greatest concentration, we need to calculate the number of moles of solute present in each solution and then compare the values.
a. Concentration = 2 moles / 1 liter = 2 M
b. Concentration = 0.3 moles / 0.6 liters = 0.5 M
c. Concentration = 2 moles / 10 liters = 0.2 M
d. Concentration = 0.1 moles / 0.5 liters = 0.2 M
Comparing the concentrations, we see that solution (a) has the greatest concentration of 2 M, while the other solutions have concentrations of 0.5 M or lower.
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all chlorides, bromides, and iodides are soluble, except for the following ions.
Ag+ Hg2^2+ Pb^2+ Ca^2+ Sr^2+ Ba^2+ NH4+ alkali metals
There are no known exceptions
This statement refers to the solubility rules for ionic compounds in water. According to these rules, most chloride, bromide, and iodide compounds are soluble in water, meaning they can dissolve and form aqueous solutions.
However, there are some exceptions to this rule, and those exceptions involve the chloride, bromide, and iodide compounds of the ions Ag+, Hg2^2+, Pb^2+, Ca^2+, Sr^2+, Ba^2+, NH4+ and the alkali metals (Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+). These compounds are generally insoluble in water, meaning they cannot dissolve and form aqueous solutions.
It is important to note that while these are general solubility rules, there may be some exceptions to them depending on the specific conditions of a given chemical system.
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List three ways in which the octet rule can sometimes fail to be obeyed.
The three general exceptions to the octet rule is:
When Molecules, such as NO, with an odd number of electrons; When Molecules in which one or more atoms possess more than eight electrons like SF6.When Molecules like BCl3, in which one or more atoms possess less than eight electrons.What is the octet rule?The octet rule is described as a chemical rule of thumb that reflects the theory that main-group elements tend to bond in such a way that each atom has eight electrons in its valence shell, giving it the same electronic configuration as a noble gas.
The structure of the octet is usually held responsible for the relative inertness of the noble gases and the chemical behavior of certain other elements.
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Plan an investigation to explore the relationship between properties of substances and the electrical forces within those substances.
What can properties of substances tell us about the electrical forces within those substances?
In this activity, you will plan and conduct an investigation to compare a single property across several substances. You must select a measurable property, such as boiling point or surface tension. After your investigation, you will compare the results and use your data to make inferences about the strength of the electrical forces in each substance you tested
The first step in this investigation will be to select several substances to test. It is important to choose substances that have similar chemical composition but differ in physical properties.
Once the substances have been selected, the next step is to measure the single property across each of the substances. This can be done through a variety of methods, such as using a thermometer to measure boiling points or a microscope to measure surface tension.
After the data has been collected, it should be compared and analyzed to determine how the property is related to the strength of the electrical forces in the substance. By comparing the data and making inferences, it is possible to determine how properties of substances can indicate the strength of the electrical forces within those substances.
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If 3.57 g of barium sulfate is formed, how many grams of sodium sulfate reacted
Answer:2.18 g.
Explanation:To find the mass of sodium sulfate reacted, we use the balanced chemical equation to know that 1 mole of sodium sulfate reacts with 1 mole of barium sulfate. From the given mass of barium sulfate formed, we calculate the number of moles of barium sulfate. Since the stoichiometry of the reaction is 1:1, the number of moles of sodium sulfate reacted is the same as the number of moles of barium sulfate formed. We then use the molar mass of sodium sulfate to calculate the mass of sodium sulfate reacted. The final answer is 2.18 g.
9. the volume of a gas filled balloon is 30.0 l at 313 k and 1.5 atm. what would the volume be if the balloon was changed to stp?
The volume of the gas-filled balloon at STP would be 36.7 L.
To solve this problem, we can use the combined gas law, which relates the pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas:
(P1V1)/T1 = (P2V2)/T2
where P1, V1, and T1 are the initial pressure, volume, and temperature, respectively, and P2, V2, and T2 are the final pressure, volume, and temperature, respectively.
At STP (standard temperature and pressure), the temperature is 273 K and the pressure is 1 atm. So we have:
(P1V1)/T1 = (P2V2)/T2
(1.5 atm x 30.0 L)/313 K = (1 atm x V2)/273 K
Solving for V2:
V2 = (1.5 atm x 30.0 L x 273 K)/(1 atm x 313 K)
V2 = 36.7 L
Therefore, the volume of the gas-filled balloon at STP would be 36.7 L.
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Select the correct answer.
a group of analytical chemists are examining a compound. they find that it’s composed of 34.4% iron and 65.6% chlorine by mass. which compound could it be?
use the periodic table to help you find the necessary molar masses.
The correct answer is iron(III) chloride.
The molar mass of iron (Fe) is approximately 55.8 g/mol, and the molar mass of chlorine (Cl) is approximately 35.5 g/mol.
To determine the compound, we can calculate the empirical formula, which gives the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in the compound.
Assuming a 100 g sample of the compound, we have:
34.4 g Fe
65.6 g Cl
Converting these masses to moles:
34.4 g Fe / 55.8 g/mol Fe = 0.616 mol Fe
65.6 g Cl / 35.5 g/mol Cl = 1.85 mol Cl
Dividing by the smaller number of moles to get the simplest whole-number ratio:
Fe:Cl = 0.616 mol : (1.85 mol / 0.616 mol) = 0.616 mol : 3 mol
So the empirical formula is FeCl3, which is iron(III) chloride.
Therefore, the correct answer is iron(III) chloride (FeCl3).
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Help what’s the answer
The limiting reagent is F₂, the number of OF₂ molecules formed is 2 and the number of F₂ atoms/molecules in excess is 2.
How to determine limiting reagent?Since there are two oxygen molecules and four fluorine molecules, fluorine is in excess.
The balanced equation is O₂ + 2 F₂ → OF₂, which shows that 1 molecule of O₂ reacts with 2 molecules of F₂ to form 2 molecules of OF₂. Therefore, since there are only 2 molecules of F₂ available, the limiting reagent is F₂.
As F₂ is the limiting reagent, only 1 molecule of O₂ will react with 2 molecules of F₂ to form 2 molecules of OF₂. Therefore, the number of OF₂ molecules formed is 2.
The number of atoms/molecules in excess is the difference between the number of atoms/molecules available and the number of atoms/molecules used in the reaction. In this case, since F₂ is in excess, the number of F₂ molecules in excess is 2.
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Image transcribed:
Use the References to access important values if needed for this question.
The illustration to the left represents a mixture of oxygen (red) and fluorine (green) molecules.
If the molecules in the above illustration react to form OF₂ according to the equation
O₂ + 2 F₂ → OF₂,
the limiting reagent is _______, the number of OF₂ molecules formed is ______ and
the number of ______ atoms/molecules in excess is ________.
1. 98 g of calcium chloride and 3. 75 g of sodium oxide are combined. Theoretically,
what mass of solid product could be formed from these amounts of reactants? What
is the limiting reactant?
Based on the stoichiometry, sodium oxide is the limiting reactant because it produces less product compared to the calcium chloride. Therefore, 0.998 g of calcium oxide is the maximum amount of product that can be formed.
To determine the theoretically possible mass of solid product and the limiting reactant, we need to first write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between calcium chloride and sodium oxide:
[tex]CaCl2 + Na2O → CaO + 2NaCl[/tex]
The stoichiometric ratio of calcium chloride to sodium oxide in the equation is 1:1, which means that for every 1 mole of calcium chloride that reacts, 1 mole of sodium oxide is required. We can use this ratio to calculate the moles of each reactant:
moles of [tex]CaCl2[/tex] = 1.98 g / 110.98 g/mol = 0.0178 mol
moles of [tex]Na2O[/tex] = 3.75 g / 61.98 g/mol = 0.0604 mol
According to the balanced equation, for every mole of calcium chloride that reacts, 1 mole of calcium oxide is produced. Therefore, the theoretical yield of calcium oxide can be calculated based on the moles of calcium chloride:
moles of [tex]CaO[/tex] = 0.0178 mol
mass of [tex]CaO[/tex] = moles of[tex]CaO[/tex] x molar mass of [tex]CaO[/tex]
mass of [tex]CaO[/tex] = 0.0178 mol x 56.08 g/mol
mass of [tex]CaO[/tex]= 0.998 g
Similarly, we can calculate the maximum amount of product that can be formed based on the moles of sodium oxide:
moles of [tex]NaCl[/tex]= 2 x moles of [tex]Na2O[/tex] = 0.1208 mol
mass of[tex]NaCl[/tex] = moles of [tex]NaCl[/tex] x molar mass of[tex]NaCl[/tex]
mass of [tex]NaCl[/tex]= 0.1208 mol x 58.44 g/mol
mass of [tex]NaCl[/tex] = 7.06 g
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Three students are asked to discuss whether each dissolution performed in
lab had a decrease or increase in entropy. Select the student that employs
correct scientific reasoning.
• Student 1: The entropy increased for ammonium nitrate because more species were introduced
into water, while the entropy decreased for sodium hydroxide because hydroxide is already
present in water.
- Student 2: The entropy increased for ammonium nitrate and sodium hydroxide dissolution
reactions because dissolving always causes an increase in micro-states.
• Student 3: The entropy decreased for ammonium nitrate and sodium hydroxide dissolution
reactions because the salts became more ordered when they went into solution.
Student 2
O Student 1
Student 3
Student 1 and Student 3 both provide incorrect explanations for the increase or decrease in entropy during dissolution reactions. Option A is correct.
Student 1 suggests that the entropy increased for ammonium nitrate but decreased for sodium hydroxide, based on the number of species introduced to water, which is not a valid explanation. Student 3 suggests that the entropy decreased for both ammonium nitrate and sodium hydroxide due to the salts becoming more ordered, which is also incorrect.
On the other hand, Student 2 provides the correct scientific reasoning. According to the second law of thermodynamics, dissolution reactions always result in an increase in entropy. As the solid dissolves, the molecules become more dispersed in the solvent, which increases the number of micro-states and hence the entropy. Option A is correct.
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15. Lab Analysis: You forgot to label your chemicals and do not know whether your unknown solution is strontium nitrate or magnesium nitrate. You use the solutions potassium carbonate and potassium sulfate in order to determine your mistake unknown + potassium carbonate & unknown + potassium sulfate . From your observations, what is your unknown solution? A - magnesium nitrate or B - strontium nitrate
If the unknown solution reacts with potassium carbonate to form a white precipitate, then it contains strontium ions, indicating that the unknown solution is strontium nitrate.
On the other hand, if the unknown solution reacts with potassium sulfate to form a white precipitate, then it contains magnesium ions, indicating that the unknown solution is magnesium nitrate.
Therefore, based on the observations, if a white precipitate is observed when the unknown solution is mixed with potassium carbonate and no precipitate is observed when the unknown solution is mixed with potassium sulfate, the unknown solution is most likely strontium nitrate.
If no precipitate is observed when the unknown solution is mixed with both potassium carbonate and potassium sulfate, the unknown solution is most likely magnesium nitrate.
Therefore, we can determine the identity of the unknown solution by observing the reaction with potassium carbonate and potassium sulfate.
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which nutrients are most responsible for eutrophication?
a. carbon and oxygen
b. carbon and phosphorus
c. nitrogen and oxygen
d. nitrogen and phosphorus
Answer:
C. Nitrogen and Phosphorous.
Explanation:
how does backbone help?
Answer:
Backbone help us to be straight ,walk ,sleep etc
Explanation:
Backbone is the part of human body which is located back of our body.
It effort helps us to be straight do various work
The spine or the backbone is the central structure of the vertebrate body and it serves a few imperative capacities:
Bolster: The spine gives bolster for the body and makes a difference keep up its shape.Security: The spine encases and ensures the spinal rope, which is mindful for transmitting signals between the brain and the rest of the body.Connection: Muscles, tendons, and ligaments join to the spine, permitting for development and giving steadiness.Blood cell generation: The springy tissue interior a few of the bones of the spine produces ruddy and white blood cells.Mineral capacity: The bones of the spine store minerals such as calcium and phosphorus, which are imperative for bone quality and other substantial capacities.To know more about backbone,
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How many grams are in a sample of 7.9 moles of zinc?
There are 516.682 grams in a sample of 7.9 moles of zinc.
To determine the number of grams in a sample of 7.9 moles of zinc, we need to use the molar mass of zinc. The molar mass of zinc is 65.38 g/mol.
Therefore, to calculate the number of grams in 7.9 moles of zinc, we can multiply 7.9 moles by 65.38 g/mol. The calculation is as follows:
7.9 moles x 65.38 g/mol = 516.682 g
Therefore, there are 516.682 grams in a sample of 7.9 moles of zinc. It's important to remember to always use the molar mass of the element or compound when converting between moles and grams.
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