political systems in which leaders mobilize political support primarily by providing resources to their followers are called .

The change in women taking responsibility for political leadership best illustrates a change in gender roles.

Gender roles refer to the set of social and behavioral norms that are commonly considered appropriate for people of a particular gender. Gender roles vary greatly between different cultures and historical periods. Traditionally, the responsibility of political leadership was limited to men.

However, in recent years, women have begun to take on this role as well. This has marked a shift in gender roles, with women being recognized as equally capable of holding positions of power and making important decisions for their communities and countries.

Although women have historically been underrepresented in politics, there have been many recent movements that have worked to empower women in leadership positions. These movements aim to eliminate gender barriers and promote equal opportunities for women in political leadership.

Many countries have made significant strides in improving gender parity in politics. Women leaders have been increasingly involved in all aspects of political leadership, from local governance to national and international decision-making bodies.

Women in leadership positions can serve as role models and inspire other women to pursue careers in politics or other male-dominated fields.

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You are demonstrating a mix of external and internal attributions, which is common in how people interpret success and failure in different domains of their lives.

In this situation, you are making an external attribution for your failure in calculus by attributing it to the difficulty of the exam. Additionally, you are demonstrating a willingness to improve by stating that you will study more to do better next time.

This suggests that you may have an internal locus of control, meaning that you believe your own actions and efforts can impact the outcome of a situation.

On the other hand, you are recognizing that you have a strength in sociology, which is an example of an internal attribution - you are attributing your success in this area to your own abilities and skills.

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Rodney and Bridgette's pre-marital class is an example of engaged couples preparing for the roles of husband and wife.

Engaged couples, like Rodney (37 years old) and Bridgette (32 years old), may take such classes in order to ensure they have the best foundation for their marriage. This is an example of premarital counseling, which is a form of therapy that couples can participate in before getting married. Premarital counseling can help couples improve their communication skills, manage conflicts, and build a strong foundation for a healthy and successful marriage. It can also help couples identify potential areas of conflict and develop strategies for addressing them.

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This is an example of proactive coping.

Proactive coping refers to taking steps to prevent or minimize potential future stressors or problems before they occur. In this case, Rodney and Bridgette are taking a pre-marital class to learn how to navigate the challenges and responsibilities of being a married couple before they actually get married. By doing so, they are proactively coping with the potential stressors and issues that could arise in their future marriage.

Pre-marital classes are a common example of proactive coping, as they are designed to help couples learn effective communication, conflict resolution, and problem-solving skills that can strengthen their relationship and prevent or minimize future problems.

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Answer: .

Explanation:

A longitudinal study is a type of research design in which the same group of people is followed over a long period of time. It allows researchers to observe changes and developments in the participants over a period of time, and to track the impact of certain events or variables.


In a longitudinal study, data is collected from the same sample repeatedly over an extended period of time, allowing researchers to observe changes and developments. The data can be collected through interviews, surveys, experiments, or even a combination of methods. The data is then analyzed over the course of the study, allowing researchers to observe any changes or trends in the data.


Longitudinal studies provide an in-depth understanding of the process of change, rather than just the end result, which is often the case with cross-sectional studies. They can also be used to analyze the impact of certain events or variables on the sample group, as well as to test theories and hypotheses. Longitudinal studies can be used in a variety of different fields, such as psychology, sociology, economics, and medicine.


However, longitudinal studies can be expensive, time-consuming, and labor-intensive. It can also be difficult to maintain consistent data collection over a long period of time, as participants may drop out or be unavailable for some time. Additionally, it is often difficult to control for confounding variables, and the sample size may be too small to draw reliable conclusions.

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The concept that immediate instances have a more influence on behavior than underlying personality traits is known as situationism.

This perspective suggests that situational elements, along with social norms, environmental cues, and private goals, can override or suppress character traits and result in behavior this is inconsistent with those trends.

Situationists argue that character traits are especially weak predictors of behavior and that conduct can vary significantly across different situations. In evaluation, aggregation refers back to the concept that persona tendencies are stable and steady across conditions and over the years. Acquiescence and social desirability, however, confer with biases which could affect responses on character tests or surveys.

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The research approach in which the researcher does not actually collect original data but analyzes already existing data is called archival research. (option c)

Archival research is a research approach in which the researcher does not collect original data, but rather studies existing data. This data could be existing documents, records, or artifacts. In this type of research, the researcher reviews these sources to answer their research question. They may analyze any trends, relationships, or patterns in the data they find.

Archival research is a useful tool in the social sciences, especially in the study of historical events. It also provides an objective and reliable source of data, which can be valuable when conducting research.

Overall, archival research is a research approach in which the researcher reviews existing sources in order to answer their research question. This type of research is useful in the social sciences and provides an objective and reliable source of data.

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The common goal of all psychotherapeutic approaches is to help the client take on therapeutic tasks that focus on achieving a better quality of life.

The therapeutic tasks may include: exploring one's feelings and thoughts, managing behaviors, establishing goals, finding meaning and purpose in life, increasing self-awareness and self-esteem, and working towards resolving interpersonal conflicts. Additionally, one of the most important therapeutic tasks is to help the client live as independently as possible despite any limitations caused by the disease process. This includes developing strategies for managing the symptoms, maintaining a safe and healthy environment, increasing self-care skills, and learning to cope with stress and the impact of the illness.

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In American culture, good eye contact enables the sender to see if the receiver is listening, engaged, and trustworthy

In American culture when two people engage in eye contact, it shows that they are interested in what the other person is saying. Good eye contact is a crucial part of communication in American culture, and it can help establish trust and respect between two people. It can also be a sign of confidence, which can help the speaker convey their message effectively. Eye contact is essential because it conveys different messages depending on the culture.

In American culture, it is considered a sign of respect and a sign of honesty. Eye contact is a critical component of interpersonal communication that helps to build relationships, establish trust, and develop rapport. Maintaining eye contact is essential when giving a presentation, a job interview, or talking to a group of people. It indicates confidence and trust, and it helps to keep the listener engaged in the conversation.

Eye contact has different interpretations in different cultures. Some cultures view it as a sign of disrespect, while others view it as a sign of submission. Therefore, it's crucial to be aware of cultural differences when communicating with people from different backgrounds.

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Activity or game that a player could practice during the off season to improve his/her performance are basketball, baseball, football, tennis and golf

Basketball - During the off-season, basketball players may engage in individual and team drills to improve their shooting, ball-handling, and passing abilities.

Baseball - Baseball players might perform a variety of drills to improve their pitching, hitting, and fielding abilities during the off-season.

Football - To enhance their speed, agility, and strength, football players may use off-season workouts and drills.

Track and Field - During the off-season, track and field athletes may engage in various drills and exercises to enhance their speed, endurance, and overall athletic abilities.Tennis - To keep their skills sharp, tennis players may practice their serves, returns, and footwork on their own or with a partner.

Golf - Golfers might work on their swing mechanics and short-game abilities by hitting balls at a driving range or chipping and putting on a practice green.

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According to Herbert Blumer, the most prominent factors in shaping our understanding of reality are language, meaning, and symbols.

Blumer coined the term symbolic interactionism to describe the theory that our interactions with others shape our perception of reality. In this theory, language plays a significant role in creating meaning and symbols that are shared and understood by a particular group of people.

Blumer believed that people create meaning through their interactions with each other, and these meanings shape their understanding of reality. Therefore, social interactions are critical in shaping an individual's perception of the world around them.

Through these interactions, people create shared meanings and symbols that help them understand the world and the people in it.

In conclusion, Blumer argued that language, meaning, and symbols play a significant role in shaping our understanding of reality, and our interactions with others are essential in creating shared meanings and symbols that help us make sense of the world around us.

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To achieve your educational goals you may have to search for alternatives, reapply, seek for mentors

If you find yourself in a situation where you are unable to meet the admission requirements for your first choice of medical studies or financial management, there are still several solutions that you can consider to achieve your goal. Here are five possible solutions:

Consider alternative programs: Look for other programs that are similar to medical studies or financial management that may have lower admission requirements or have alternative entry pathways. For example, you could consider related programs like nursing, healthcare management or business management which could still allow you to work in the medical or financial fields respectively.

Upgrade your qualifications: If you didn't meet the admission requirements for your preferred program, you could consider upgrading your qualifications by retaking courses, earning additional certifications or pursuing postgraduate degrees that could make you a stronger candidate.

Gain relevant experience: Consider seeking relevant work experience or volunteering opportunities in the medical or financial fields to make you a more competitive candidate. This could include shadowing doctors or working in finance departments to gain insight into the industry.

Seek out mentoring: Try to connect with professionals in the medical or financial fields to learn more about their careers and get advice on how to build your own. Joining professional organizations or seeking mentorship from industry experts can provide valuable insights and connections.

Reapply later: If you are unable to meet the admission requirements for your preferred program, you could consider taking a gap year or semester to work on improving your skills and qualifications. Reapplying in the next admissions cycle with a stronger application could give you a better chance of getting accepted into your preferred program.

Remember, there are always multiple pathways to achieve your goals, and it's important to stay persistent and adaptable in pursuing your ambitions.

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Dr. Hollich has students recognize examples of concepts in a multiple-choice question. This corresponds to the lower levels of Bloom's Taxonomy. These levels are called the knowledge and comprehension levels.

Bloom's Taxonomy is a framework that classifies the level of thinking skills that students must use when learning. This framework is divided into six different levels. They are knowledge level, comprehension level, application level, analysis level, synthesis level, evaluation level.

The knowledge and comprehension levels are the lowest levels of Bloom's Taxonomy. In these levels, students are expected to recall and understand information. The higher levels of Bloom's Taxonomy require students to apply, analyze, synthesize, and evaluate the knowledge they have gained.

Dr. Hollich's method of using multiple-choice questions to help students recognize examples of concepts is an effective way to reinforce learning at the knowledge and comprehension levels.

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Somebody reading a paragraph in a textbook for the first time is an example of encoding.

Encoding is the process of transforming information into a form that can be kept in memory. The initial learning of data is referred to as encoding. Encoding is the crucial first step in creating a memory. The sensory stimuli are interpreted by the brain through this process.

The method for long-term retention of sensory stimuli is encoding. Sensory information is translated into neural codes and stored in the brain in a retrievable way. The procedure by which information is transformed into a form that can be used for storage in memory is called encoding.

Sensory information enters memory by means of this method, where it is transformed into a form that can be processed and stored. To be stored in long-term memory, information must first be encoded from sensory input. Information in the form of a visual image, sound, smell, taste, or touch can be encoded.

Therefore, when someone reads a paragraph in a textbook for the first time, they are engaged in the process of encoding.

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It can be difficult to impose positive labels on individuals who were previously labeled negatively because our brains are often wired to default to negative labels.

Negative labels can be hard to undo because they're associated with negative memories and past experiences. In addition, our society can also be resistant to change, making it difficult to introduce positive labels and shift away from negative labels.

Labels are pieces of information attached to products that provide important details about the product's contents, use, and safety. Labels can also indicate nutritional information, expiration dates, and manufacturer information. Properly reading and understanding labels is crucial in making informed decisions about purchasing and consuming products, as well as ensuring personal safety.

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Linda may be diagnosed with Conversion Disorder (previously known as Hysteria). Conversion disorder is a type of somatic symptom disorder in which a person experiences physical symptoms that are not caused by an underlying medical condition but instead may be related to psychological or emotional factors.

Conversion disorder is a type of mental disorder in which a person experiences blindness, paralysis, or other neurological symptoms without any neurological or medical cause. These physical symptoms can be caused by psychological factors, such as a person's response to emotional distress, such as anxiety, depression, or trauma. The symptoms may occur in response to a traumatic event, or they may happen spontaneously.

In Linda's case, her sudden vision loss and visual field narrowing may be attributed to psychological factors, such as the stress of driving to work. Treatment for conversion disorder typically focuses on treating the underlying psychological distress and the physical symptoms, with a combination of talk therapy and medication.

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When experiencing a happy moment like a birthday party, we integrate the sounds, smells, tastes, and emotions into a singular event. This process is called Sensory integration.

Sensory integration refers to the way in which the brain receives, organizes, and interprets sensory information from various sensory systems. It is the process by which sensory information from the body and the environment is processed and organized to facilitate learning and behaviour.

It involves the ability to integrate information from multiple sensory systems to create a meaningful and coherent experience. The sensory systems involved in sensory integration include the visual system, auditory system, tactile system, olfactory system, and gustatory system.

The process of sensory integration allows us to understand and interpret the world around us. It enables us to interact with our environment, communicate with others, and learn new skills. It also plays an important role in emotional regulation, as sensory input can have a significant impact on our mood and emotional state.

When we experience a happy moment like a birthday party, our brain processes the sensory information associated with the event, including the sounds, smells, tastes, and emotions, to create a cohesive and meaningful experience. This process of sensory integration allows us to remember the event and associate positive emotions with it. In this way, sensory integration plays a crucial role in our ability to experience and remember happy moments.

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Among the options, the one that is not part of the four main accepted aspects of organizational cultures accepted by most modern scholars is: . cultures can be managed (option a)

Cultures are not unitary, which means that an organization's culture is made up of multiple subcultures that do not all share the same beliefs, values, or practices.

Cultures are emergent, which means that culture is an evolving concept, not a fixed one, and is shaped by internal and external forces.

Cultures are ambiguous, which means that there are no clear boundaries to organizational culture and it can be difficult to identify its characteristics.

In contrast, the idea that cultures can be managed is not accepted by most modern scholars. This is because culture is not something that can be managed or controlled in the same way as other aspects of an organization. It is something that is shaped by the organization's members and is constantly changing over time.

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When Randall Collins looks at organizational power position, he finds that the difference between the working class and the middle class is found in the type of power each has.

Working class people have coercive power, which is the power to force others to do something, while middle class people have authority power, which is based on their ability to influence others to cooperate.

Organizational power is the ability to direct or influence the behavior of an organization. It can be divided into three main types: coercive, legitimate and reward.

Coercive power is the use of force or threat of force to influence the behavior of an organization. Legitimate power is based on people's perception of the authority or trustworthiness of a leader. Reward power is the ability to offer rewards for desired behavior.

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The given statement "ranking high on some dimensions of social class and low on others is considered status inconsistency" is true  because  concept refers to a situation where an individual occupies a particular position on the social class ladder .

That is not consistent with their position on other dimensions of social class. For instance, a wealthy doctor who does not have access to cultural capital or social contacts can be regarded as having status inconsistency.

Similarly, a poor individual who is well-educated and well-traveled may be viewed as having status inconsistency. Ranking high on some dimensions of social class and low on others is considered status inconsistency .

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The statement "while college-educated parents have more friends in general, parents with less education tend to have more close friends" is FALSE because educated parents have a greater chance of engaging in and achieving work and community-oriented ambitions.

However, it is untrue that parents with less education are more likely to have more close friends. Even if a person is uneducated, they will still have social skills and be able to connect with others on an emotional level, which is what leads to close relationships.

Therefore, there is no direct correlation between one's education level and the number of close friends they have, though they are somewhat related.

A friend is a person who is interested in, cares for, and respects another person's feelings and interests. A friend may be of the same sex or of the opposite sex, and he or she may be a person of any age. Friendship is formed through communication, trust, mutual help, and similar interests.

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When Jess does this he is engaging in Perservation, which is a type of repetitive and continuous behaviour.

Continuous and repetitive conduct is perseverance. It could be a person's inability to stop oneself from repeating a certain thought, phrase, or action. When engaging in persistent conduct, a person finds it difficult to control the action or pattern—almost as if it were deliberate. Verbal perseveration, also known as perseveration of speech, is a condition in which individuals repeatedly say certain words, phrases, or sounds.

Uncontrolled repeating of speech patterns is known as persistent speech and is viewed as undesirable. Saying the same thing out loud again or being unable to move on from a subject are examples of behaviours that could be categorised as perseveration of speech.

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An enrichment program.

A generic term used to refer to any educational program designed to enrich the environment of children from socially or culturally disadvantaged backgrounds. They are usually designed for special groups in kindergarten or preschool whose task is to acquire basic verbal skills for children, although often social and interpersonal skills are also included in the programs.

The U.S. psychologist who experimentally demonstrated the learning of taste aversions in animals was John Garcia.

John Garcia was an American psychologist who is best known for his work on learning, behavior, and memory in animals. Garcia studied how animals learn about stimuli in their environment, particularly through the process of classical conditioning, which involves associating two stimuli to produce a learned response. Garcia is famous for his research on taste aversion in animals.

He and his colleagues conducted experiments on rats and discovered that they were able to learn an aversion to particular tastes if they were associated with a negative stimulus, such as an electric shock or a drug that made them feel sick.

This was in contrast to previous theories of classical conditioning, which held that animals learned associations between stimuli that were closely connected in time and space, such as a sound and a shock or a light and a puff of air. Garcia's work showed that taste and other sensory stimuli could be powerful cues for learning, even if the negative event occurred much later.

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The process Lisa used to determine the importance of her tasks by making a list and placing them in order from most important to least important is called "priority setting".

Priority setting is the method Lisa used to rank the importance of her duties. Making an inventory of duties and selecting the most crucial ones to finish first are required steps in this process.

Lisa can concentrate on the crucial duties first and save time by prioritizing them by ranking her tasks from most essential to least important. Setting priorities is a crucial part of time management and efficiency improvement because it keeps people orderly and goal-focused.

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Since the 1970s, both violent and overall crime rates in the United States have gone down, while the incarceration rates have increased. This trend is often referred to as “mass incarceration” and is caused by a number of factors.

First, the tough-on-crime policies of the 1980s, championed by President Reagan, brought about harsher criminal penalties and mandatory sentencing laws. As a result, many more people were sent to prison for minor offenses and longer prison sentences. Second, the War on Drugs of the late 1980s and early 1990s resulted in increased criminalization of drug use, and a subsequent increase in incarceration rates.

Third, the increased privatization of prisons, beginning in the 1990s, incentivized companies to push for higher incarceration rates so they could fill their prisons and receive more funding. Lastly, racial discrimination in the criminal justice system has led to disproportionately high incarceration rates for African Americans and Latinos.

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Answer:

How do you ensure no corruption?

Speaking up and making a complaint helps to:

expose corrupt activities and risks that may otherwise remain hidden.

keep the public sector honest, transparent and accountable.

helps stop dishonest practices.

ensure that public sector employees act in the public interest.

Explanation:

The term that describes the followers of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam that believe that only one god created and rules the universe is Monotheism.

Monotheism is the belief in one God or a supreme being who is the source of all moral authority, and is the only entity worthy of worship. Monotheists believe that all of creation is part of a unified spiritual and moral order, and that this unity is centred around a single being.

Monotheism has a long history in the Abrahamic religions, all of which have their origins in the Middle East. Judaism is the oldest of these religions, having its roots in the ancient Hebrews.

Christianity emerged from Judaism, and its followers believe that Jesus was the Messiah prophesied by the Hebrew scriptures. Islam emerged from the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad, and its followers believe that Muhammad was the final messenger sent by God to mankind.

Each of these religions teaches that the one God is the creator and sustainer of all life and the source of all moral authority.

They each differ in terms of how they understand and interpret the figure of God, with Judaism and Christianity being two distinct interpretations of a shared heritage, and Islam having its own interpretation of the one God. Despite these differences, all three religions share a common belief in the one God who is the source of all creation.

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The people of Japan are most likely to have high public self-awareness. Public self- awareness refers to the tendency to be aware of oneself as a social object and to be concerned with one's appearance and behaviour in the presence of others.

In Japan:

In contrast, people from the United States, Canada, and France are less likely to exhibit high public self-consciousness because the emphasis in these cultures is more on individual rights and freedoms.

People tend to be more focused on themselves and are less concerned about how they are perceived by others. Thus, public self-consciousness is typically lower in these countries.

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Situational selection is that tendency or behavior associated with selecting the situations in which one engages. Thus, option a. is the correct answer.

Situational selection is the process by which individuals tend to choose or select the social situations that are comfortable and appropriate for their personality. This selection process can be voluntary, such as choosing to participate in a social event or community service organization, or it can be unintentional.

Avoidance or selective interaction with certain individuals or groups, rather than aggregation, is an example of this process. It is the foundation of several social cognitive theories, including personality theories and the attribution theory.

In conclusion, alternative a. situational selection is correct.

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