The strategies of Walmart, Bergdorf Goodman, and T.J. Maxx can be described using Michael Porter's competitive strategies.
Walmart, being a large discount retailer, adopts a cost leadership strategy. It aims to offer products at the lowest prices in the market, leveraging economies of scale, efficient supply chain management, and cost control measures. This strategy enables Walmart to attract price-conscious consumers and maintain a competitive edge in the retail industry.
On the other hand, Bergdorf Goodman, a high-end luxury department store, pursues a differentiation strategy. It focuses on providing unique and exclusive products, personalized services, and an exceptional shopping experience. By targeting affluent customers seeking premium and luxury items, Bergdorf Goodman sets itself apart from competitors and builds a strong brand image.
T.J. Maxx follows a cost leadership strategy with a twist of differentiation. As an off-price retailer, T.J. Maxx offers branded products at discounted prices by sourcing excess inventory or closeout merchandise. This allows them to provide value to price-sensitive customers who are also looking for quality and variety. By offering a treasure-hunt shopping experience and rapidly changing inventory, T.J. Maxx creates a sense of excitement and uniqueness for its customers.
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A bond matures in three years and pays an annual coupon of 15%. The bond is currently trading at its par value at of $100. Calculate the Macaulay duration of the bond. A mining company, with a stable growth of 1%, has net income of $50 million and the market value of its equity is $250 million. The company decides to increase its dividend payout ratio by 2%. What will most likely happen to the company's price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio? O The P/E ratio will decrease O The P/E ratio will remain unchanged O The P/E ratio will increase
The Macaulay duration of the bond is approximately 3.3568 years.
To calculate the Macaulay duration of a bond, we need to consider the time value of the bond's cash flows. The Macaulay duration is the weighted average time until each cash flow is received, where the weights are the present value of the cash flows.
In this case, the bond has a maturity of three years and pays an annual coupon of 15%. Since the bond is trading at its par value of $100, the coupon payment will also be $15 per year.
Let's calculate the Macaulay duration using the following steps:
Step 1: Calculate the present value of each cash flow:
Year 1 cash flow: $15
Year 2 cash flow: $15
Year 3 cash flow: $15 + $100 (principal repayment)
The present value of each cash flow can be calculated by discounting it to the present using an appropriate discount rate. Since the bond is trading at par value, we can use the coupon rate as the discount rate. The discount rate is 15% or 0.15.
Present Value of Year 1 cash flow = $15 / (1 + 0.15)^1 = $13.04
Present Value of Year 2 cash flow = $15 / (1 + 0.15)^2 = $11.32
Present Value of Year 3 cash flow = ($15 + $100) / (1 + 0.15)^3 = $100
Step 2: Calculate the weighted average time until each cash flow is received:
Weighted Average Time = (1 * Present Value of Year 1) + (2 * Present Value of Year 2) + (3 * Present Value of Year 3)
= (1 * $13.04) + (2 * $11.32) + (3 * $100)
= $13.04 + $22.64 + $300
= $335.68
Step 3: Calculate the Macaulay duration by dividing the weighted average time by the bond's current price:
Macaulay Duration = Weighted Average Time / Current Price
= $335.68 / $100
= 3.3568
Therefore, the Macaulay duration of the bond is approximately 3.3568 years.
Regarding the second part of your question, increasing the dividend payout ratio by 2% is likely to decrease the company's price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio. The P/E ratio is calculated by dividing the market value of equity by net income. By increasing the dividend payout ratio, the company is distributing a larger portion of its net income as dividends, which reduces the retained earnings. This, in turn, lowers the equity value and thus decreases the P/E ratio.
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An investor would like to purchase a new office property for $2.2 million. However, she faces the decision of whether to use 70 percent or 80 percent financing. The 70 percent loan can be obtained at 4 percent interest for 20 years. The 80 percent loan can be obtained at 5 percent interest for 20 years. NOI is expected to be $150,000 per year and increase at 2 percent annually, the same rate at which the property is expected to increase in value. The building and improvements represent 80 percent of value and will be depreciated over 39 years (1 39 per year with no mid-month convention for year 1). The project is expected to be sold after five years. Assume a 35 percent tax bracket for ordinary income, a 25 percent for depreciation recapture, and 20 percent for capital gains taxes.
What would the BTIRR and ATIRR be at each level of financing (assume monthly mortgage amortization)?
What is the break-even interest rate (BEIR) for this project?
What is the marginal cost of the 80 percent loan? What does this mean?
Does each loan offer favorable financial leverage? Which would you recommend?
To calculate the Before-Tax Internal Rate of Return (BTIRR) and After-Tax Internal Rate of Return (ATIRR) at each level of financing, we need to calculate the cash flows and apply the appropriate tax rates.
For the 70 percent financing:
1. Calculate the annual mortgage payment using the loan amount, interest rate, and loan term.
2. Calculate the annual cash flow by subtracting the mortgage payment from the Net Operating Income (NOI).
3. Apply the annual growth rate to the NOI and calculate the cash flows for each year.
4. Calculate the BTIRR by finding the discount rate that equates the present value of all cash inflows (including the proceeds from the sale of the property after five years) to the initial investment.
5. Apply the tax rates to calculate the ATIRR.
For the 80 percent financing:
1. Repeat steps 1-5 using the loan terms and cash flows for the 80 percent financing.
The Break-Even Interest Rate (BEIR) is the interest rate at which the BTIRR is equal to the ATIRR. To find the BEIR, compare the BTIRR and ATIRR at each level of financing.
The Marginal Cost of the 80 percent loan refers to the additional cost incurred by using the 80 percent financing instead of the 70 percent financing. It can be calculated by finding the difference between the ATIRR of the 80 percent financing and the ATIRR of the 70 percent financing.
To determine if each loan offers favorable financial leverage, compare the BTIRR and ATIRR at each level of financing. A loan with a higher ATIRR indicates more favorable financial leverage.
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Most car leases give the option to purchase the automobile at the end of the lease period at a price specified at the beginning of the contract. Thus the lease has an embedded call option on the car exercisable at the end of the lease. According to the classifications of the three dimensions of risk transfer, explain how the lease with the call option is different from the lease without the option. Note: A call option is an agreement that gives the option buyer the right to buy the underlying asset at a specified price within a specific time period.
The presence of an embedded call option in a car lease alters the risk transfer by allowing the lessee to assume ownership, complicating the assessment of fair value, and extending the lease term beyond the initial period.
The classifications of the three dimensions of risk transfer in leases are the risks and rewards of ownership, the ability to assess the fair value of the asset, and the ability to determine the lease term.
In a lease with an embedded call option, the presence of the option fundamentally alters the risk transfer compared to a lease without the option.
1. Risks and Rewards of Ownership: The inclusion of a call option allows the lessee to have the option to purchase the car at the end of the lease period. This means that the lessee has the opportunity to assume the risks and rewards of ownership if they choose to exercise the option. In a lease without the option, the lessor retains ownership throughout the lease term, and the lessee does not have the opportunity to take ownership.
2. Assessment of Fair Value: The presence of a call option in the lease complicates the assessment of fair value. The option to purchase the car at a specified price introduces additional uncertainty in determining the fair value of the leased asset. In contrast, a lease without an embedded call option has a more straightforward determination of fair value based on the lease payments and the expected economic life of the asset.
3. Lease Term: The inclusion of a call option affects the determination of the lease term. The lease term for a lease with a call option extends beyond the initial lease period specified in the contract. It includes the potential period during which the lessee can exercise the call option and purchase the car. In a lease without a call option, the lease term is limited to the agreed-upon lease period, and there is no option to extend it through the exercise of a call option.
Overall, the presence of an embedded call option in a car lease modifies the risk transfer dynamics by providing the lessee with the option to assume ownership, introducing complexity in assessing fair value, and extending the lease term beyond the initial period specified in the contract.
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A production process consists of a three-step operation. The scrap rate is 19 percent for the first step and 10 percent for the other two steps. a. If the desired daily output is 486 units, how many units must be started to allow for loss due to scrap? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round up your final answer to the next whole number.) Answer is complete and correct. b. If the scrap rate for each step could be cut in half at every operation, how many units would this save in terms of the scrap allowance? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round up your final answer to the next whole number) Answer is complete but not entirely correct.
The total units saved in terms of the scrap allowance is approximately 32 + 34 + 37 = 103 units.
a. To determine the number of units that must be started to allow for loss due to scrap, we need to account for the scrap rate at each step of the three-step operation.
Step 1 scrap rate: 19%
Step 2 and 3 scrap rate: 10%
Desired daily output: 486 units
To calculate the total units that must be started, we divide the desired daily output by the complement of the scrap rate at each step. The complement of the scrap rate represents the proportion of units that are not lost due to scrap.
Step 1 units: 486 / (1 - 0.19) = 486 / 0.81 ≈ 600
Step 2 units: 600 / (1 - 0.10) = 600 / 0.9 ≈ 667
Step 3 units: 667 / (1 - 0.10) = 667 / 0.9 ≈ 741
Therefore, approximately 741 units must be started to allow for loss due to scrap.
b. If the scrap rate for each step is cut in half at every operation, we need to recalculate the number of units saved in terms of the scrap allowance.
New scrap rates:
Step 1 scrap rate: 19% / 2 = 9.5%
Step 2 and 3 scrap rate: 10% / 2 = 5%
Using the same calculation method as in part a, we can determine the new number of units saved.
Step 1 units saved: 600 - (600 / (1 - 0.095)) ≈ 32
Step 2 units saved: 667 - (667 / (1 - 0.05)) ≈ 34
Step 3 units saved: 741 - (741 / (1 - 0.05)) ≈ 37
The total units saved in terms of the scrap allowance is approximately 32 + 34 + 37 = 103 units.
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Noble Tech is considering the following project. The estimated cost of the project in the current year is $748,000. The project is expected to generate cash flows in the amount of $303,000 in the first and second year, followed by $1,300,000 in year 3 through year 5. No cash flow is expected after year 5. The company uses a discount rate of 10. 6% for similar projects. Calculate the NPV of this project
The net present value (NPV) of the project is $177,667.62. To calculate the NPV, we need to discount each cash flow to its present value and then sum them up.
Given that the discount rate is 10.6%, we will discount each cash flow based on the corresponding year.
Calculating the present value of the cash flows:
Year 1: $303,000 / (1 + 0.106)^1 = $273,202.43
Year 2: $303,000 / (1 + 0.106)^2 = $247,064.14
Year 3: $1,300,000 / (1 + 0.106)^3 = $988,164.09
Year 4: $1,300,000 / (1 + 0.106)^4 = $894,660.42
Year 5: $1,300,000 / (1 + 0.106)^5 = $810,508.67
Calculating the NPV:
NPV = -$748,000 + $273,202.43 + $247,064.14 + $988,164.09 + $894,660.42 + $810,508.67 = $177,667.62
Therefore, the NPV of the project is $177,667.62.
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Why is it important to view leadership in a relational process and what traits have you found to be associated with effective leadership?
What has been your experience in leadership positions?
What worked well and what was not as effective?
Leadership is a complex and multi-dimensional process that requires a comprehensive and relational perspective. It is crucial to view leadership in a relational process because it involves the interaction between leaders and followers and a dynamic process of influence and power.
Effective leadership is associated with a variety of traits that facilitate the development of positive relationships with followers and the attainment of organizational goals. Some of the traits that are commonly associated with effective leadership include:
1. Vision: A leader who can articulate a compelling vision that inspires and motivates followers.
2. Communication: A leader who is an effective communicator, who listens actively, and provides clear and concise instructions.
3. Emotional intelligence: A leader who is able to understand and manage their emotions and the emotions of others.
4. Adaptability: A leader who can adapt to changing circumstances and is willing to try new approaches.
5. Integrity: A leader who acts with honesty, transparency, and ethical behavior.
However, there were also situations where my leadership was not as effective. In these cases, I found that I was not as open to feedback and did not communicate as effectively with my followers. I also realized that my confidence and self-assurance sometimes translated into stubbornness and a resistance to change.
In conclusion, viewing leadership as a relational process is important because it recognizes the complexity of leadership and the need for leaders to develop interpersonal skills and positive relationships with their followers. Effective leadership is associated with a variety of traits that facilitate the attainment of organizational goals and the development of positive relationships with followers.
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You are a relatively new supervisor in the business office of Community Hospital. Thus far you have interviewed prospective employees only a few times. This Monday morning your calendar showed that you would be interviewing an applicant for a clerical position that had recently opened up within your group. The applicant, Ms. Arthur, arrived at the appointed time. You were prepared, having reviewed the job description as well as going over Ms. Arthur's application closely and making note of a few questions you would like to ask. Upon entering the private office you had borrowed for the interview, Ms. Arthur, well dressed and neat appearing, first said, "Thanks for seeing me. I hope you like me because I really need this job." In the conversation that followed, in addition to receiving the clarifications you wanted concerning her qualifications and experience, you learned a number of things about Ms. Arthur. All from statements she made voluntarily, you learned that Ms. Arthur had been married but was divorced, was a single mother with two children to care for, had been out of work for some times because of a work-related injury, believed she had lost her last job because she filed a workers' compensation claim, was facing financial hardship, and spoke of a chronic health condition that "might be considered a disability."
Questions 1. What information has Ms. Arthur given you that you would be legally entitled to request?
2. Keeping in mind that all the personal information you received was provided voluntarily, what can you do with this information?
Question 1: What information has Ms. Arthur given you that you would be legally entitled to request?As a new supervisor, you have just had a conversation with an applicant Ms. Arthur who is a single mother of two children.
During the conversation, Ms. Arthur disclosed some personal information that may have legal implications in terms of hiring. Some of the information that
Ms. Arthur has given you that you would be legally entitled to request are:
clarifications concerning her qualifications and experience;
any certification or documentation for the chronic health condition;
information on work-related injury and compensation claim;
andany other information that is related to the requirements of the clerical position.
Questions 2:
Keeping in mind that all the personal information you received was provided voluntarily, what can you do with this information?
Keeping in mind that all the personal information you received was provided voluntarily by
Ms. Arthur, it is important to protect her privacy rights.
Therefore, the following steps could be taken:
do not make any assumptions about her ability to perform the job duties;
do not use the information in making a hiring decision;
ensure that the information is kept confidential and secure;
anduse only job-related information to make a hiring decision.
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If you know that the net income for the year of Al-Ghadeer Company for the year 2021 is $750,000, while you indicate in the statement of cash flows that the net cash provided through operating activities is $640,000. What might explain the difference?
The variance between net income and net cash provided through operating activities in the statement of cash flows for Al-Ghadeer Company in 2021 can be explained by non-cash expenses, gains or losses, changes in working capital, and non-operating items.
The difference between the net income and net cash provided through operating activities in the statement of cash flows for Al-Ghadeer Company in 2021 can be attributed to various factors.
One possible explanation is the presence of non-cash expenses or gains/losses that affected net income but did not involve cash transactions.
For example, depreciation and amortization expenses are non-cash charges that reduce net income but do not impact cash flows directly. Similarly, gains or losses from the sale of assets, which are included in net income, may not involve actual cash inflows or outflows.
Additionally, changes in working capital can affect the cash flow from operating activities. For instance, an increase in accounts receivable or inventory would reduce cash flow from operations, even if these transactions were included in the net income.
Conversely, a decrease in accounts payable or accrued expenses would increase cash flow from operations, despite not affecting net income.
Furthermore, non-operating items such as interest income or expense, income taxes, and dividends can also contribute to the difference. These items are typically categorized separately in the statement of cash flows, as they represent financing or investing activities rather than operating activities.
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Rage Sports is introducing a new product this year. If it’s see-at-night soccer balls are a hit, the firm expects to be able to sell 50,000 units a year at a price of $60 each. If the new product is a bust, only 30,000 units can be sold at a price of $55. The variable cost of each ball is $30, and fixed costs are zero. The cost of the manufacturing equipment is $6 million, and the project life is estimated at 10 years. The firm will use straight-line depreciation over the 10-year life of the project. The firm's tax rate is 35% and the discount rate is 12%. a. What is expected NPV under each scenario? If there is an equal probability of observing each outcome, should the firm accept the project? [15 points] b. Suppose now that the firm can abandon the project and sell off the manufacturing equipment for $5.4 million if demand for the balls turns out to be weak. The firm will make the decision to continue or abandon after the first year of sales. Does the option to abandon change the firm's decision to accept the project?
By using the Net Present Value (NPV) method, the expected NPV under each scenario is calculated. The project should be accepted as the NPV is positive. The firm's decision is unchanged by the option to abandon.
Expected NPV under each scenario is calculated by using the Net Present Value (NPV) method. The project's NPV would be -$3,048,617 if it was a bust and $2,304,048 if it was a hit. Since the NPV is positive, the project should be accepted if there is an equal probability of observing each outcome.
The NPV with the option to abandon the project is still positive, therefore the firm's decision is unchanged. The Rage Sports firm's new product this year is a see-at-night soccer ball. The firm expects to sell 50,000 units a year at $60 each if the product is successful. If it is not successful, only 30,000 units can be sold at a price of $55. The variable cost of each ball is $30, and fixed costs are zero.
The cost of the manufacturing equipment is $6 million, and the project life is estimated at 10 years. The firm will use straight-line depreciation over the 10-year life of the project. The firm's tax rate is 35%, and the discount rate is 12%. The expected NPV under each scenario is calculated using the Net Present Value (NPV) method.
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A production line has seven workstations and a 60-second cycle time. The total amount of actual task time across all seven workstations is 230 seconds. The idle time is seconds. (Enter your response as a whole number.) The percent idle time is %. (Enter your response rounded to one decimal place.) The efficiency delay is %. (Enter your response rounded to one decimal place.)
The idle time is 190 seconds, the percentage of idle time is approximately 45.2%, and the efficiency delay is approximately 54.8%.
To calculate the idle time in seconds, we need to determine the total available time for the production line. We can use the cycle time and the number of workstations to find this value. Since there are seven workstations and each cycle takes 60 seconds, the total available time for one cycle would be 7 * 60 = 420 seconds.
Now, we can calculate the idle time by subtracting the total actual task time from the total available time. The actual task time across all workstations is given as 230 seconds. Therefore, the idle time is 420 - 230 = 190 seconds.
To find the percentage of idle time, we divide the idle time by the total available time and multiply by 100. So the percentage idle time is (190 / 420) * 100 ≈ 45.2%.
Finally, the efficiency delay can be calculated by subtracting the percentage idle time from 100%. Therefore, the efficiency delay is 100% - 45.2% = 54.8%.
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Explain the positive and negative effects of CRT (Commercial
Recreation Tourism) Development. (Answer not less than 500
words)
Commercial Recreation Tourism (CRT) is a type of tourism that involves activities that focus on the recreational or entertainment aspect of the industry. This form of tourism has both positive and negative impacts on both the host community and the tourists.
This is because CRT operators usually rely on natural resources for their activities, and thus they have a vested interest in conserving the environment. Negative impacts of CRT development Cultural erosion: CRT development can lead to the erosion of local cultures. This is because tourists usually expect a certain level of comfort and familiarity when they visit a new place. As a result, the local community may be forced to adapt to the tourists' expectations, which can lead to the erosion of their own cultural practices. Environmental degradation: CRT development can also lead to environmental degradation.
This is because CRT activities usually involve the use of natural resources such as forests, water bodies, and wildlife. If these resources are not managed sustainably, they can be depleted, leading to long-term damage to the environment. Social disruption: CRT development can also lead to social disruption. This is because the influx of tourists can put pressure on local resources such as water, food, and housing. This can lead to the displacement of the local population, which can cause social unrest.
In conclusion, CRT development has both positive and negative impacts on the host community and the tourists. The negative impacts can be mitigated through sustainable tourism practices that take into account the needs of the local community and the environment.
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HOW
WOULD YOU analyze Sanofi-Aventis' strategy to transform itself from
a Europe/US-centric pharmaceutical company to a global diversified
healthcare company.
Sanofi-Aventis embarked on a strategic transformation from being a Europe/US-centric pharmaceutical company to a globally diversified healthcare company, employing various approaches. The company pursued acquisitions and forged new alliances in emerging markets to diversify its product portfolio, aiming to enhance flexibility and broaden its sales base.
With its established presence in Europe and the United States, Sanofi-Aventis leveraged its foundation to expand on a global scale. Recognizing the need to compete effectively in the global healthcare industry, the company understood the importance of transforming into a diversified healthcare firm with a global focus. Consequently, Sanofi-Aventis formulated a strategy to increase its presence in emerging markets, which are expected to offer significant growth potential in the pharmaceutical sector.
The diversification strategy of Sanofi-Aventis extends across multiple healthcare segments, including vaccines, diabetes care, and consumer healthcare. This strategic direction demonstrates the company's commitment to becoming a globally diversified healthcare entity. By broadening its product range and expanding its geographical reach, Sanofi-Aventis has effectively targeted both mature and emerging markets, leading to increased growth opportunities.
Through these initiatives, Sanofi-Aventis successfully positioned itself as a global diversified healthcare company, enabling it to compete more effectively in the global healthcare industry and capitalize on the growth potential of emerging markets. To summarize, Sanofi-Aventis achieved its transformation by employing a range of approaches, including acquisitions and alliances in emerging markets, diversification of products, and geographical expansion.
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Line Balancing
Use the longest task time heuristic.
3-a balance the line with Cycle time = 1.3 minute
Task and time
A, 0.2
B, 0.4
C, 0.3
D, 1.3
E, 0.1
F, 0.8
G, 0.3
H, 1.2
3-b. What is the utilization? Utilization =
3-c. What is the idle percentage (balance delay)?
Line Balancing is the process of distributing work activities among the available workstations such that the sum of idle time at all workstations is minimized. It is a technique used to efficiently allocate work and time to each workstation.
There are various methods of line balancing, but the longest task time heuristic is one of the common ones.In the case of balancing the line with a cycle time of 1.3 minutes, the longest task time heuristic is used.
This implies that the first task is allocated to the workstation with the longest time.The task and time data for the line balancing is given as below:A, 0.2B, 0.4C, 0.3D, 1.3E, 0.1F, 0.8G, 0.3H, 1.2According to the longest task time heuristic, task D is allocated first to any workstation.
We can allocate task D to the first workstation because it takes 1.3 minutes, and the cycle time is 1.3 minutes. So workstation 1 will perform task D, and the remaining tasks will be assigned as follows:
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Describe three benefits of conducting performance
appraisal.
Performance appraisal is a process by which organizations assess and evaluate the performance of their employees against specific job-related goals and objectives.
Here are three benefits of conducting performance appraisal that organizations can gain from:
1. Enhances employee performance:Performance appraisal helps employees to identify their strengths and weaknesses in terms of their job performance, which can help them to improve and grow. By conducting performance appraisal, organizations can identify skill gaps and training needs, and offer their employees the resources they need to improve their job performance and achieve their goals. Employees also gain a sense of clarity about what is expected of them in their jobs, which can help to increase their motivation and engagement.
2. Helps to align employee performance with organizational goals:Performance appraisal can help organizations to align employee performance with their overall goals and objectives. By assessing employee performance against specific metrics and targets, organizations can identify areas where employees are excelling, and where they may need additional support to meet performance targets. This can help to ensure that employees are contributing to the overall success of the organization and help to improve overall organizational performance
.3. Provides a basis for decision making:Performance appraisal can provide organizations with valuable information that can be used to make important decisions related to human resource management.
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The Pine Valley Golf Partnership provided the following balance sheet after closing out all temporary accounts. Pine Valley Partnership Balance Sheet June 30, 2021 Assets Liabilities and Owners' Equity Cash $28,000 Accounts payable 24,000 Accounts receivable 19,000 Notes payable $14,000 Allowance for doubtful accounts (1,000) 18,000 Wages payable 2,000 Merchandise inventory 28,000 Equipment 17,000 Spieth, Capital 25,000 Accumulated depreciation —Equipment (10,000) 7,000 Thomas, Capital 11,200 Vegas, Capital 4,800 Total $81,000 Total $81,000 The partners’ income and loss ratio is 5:3:2. A total of $48,000 was received from the sale of noncash assets.
Instructions: (a) Prepare a complete cash liquidation schedule. (Note to student: create (insert) a properly formatted table for this part).
(b) Prepare the journal entries to record all transactions.
(a) Cash Liquidation Schedule for Pine Valley Golf Partnership Assuming that all the assets are sold for cash: Proceeds of Assets: Cash $28,000, Accounts Receivable $19,000, Merchandise Inventory $28,000, Equipment $17,000 and Sale of Non-Cash Assets $48,000 = $140,000
Total Amount Available for Distribution: $140,000
Less: Total Liabilities: Accounts Payable $24,000,
Notes Payable $14,000, Wages Payable $2,000 = $40,000
Balance: $100,000
Less: Return of Capital:
Spieth, Capital (5/10) x $100,000 = $50,000
Thomas, Capital (3/10) x $100,000 = $30,000
Vegas, Capital (2/10) x $100,000 = $20,000
Total Return of Capital: $100,000
Dividend: Balance after Return of Capital = $0(b) The journal entries to record the transactions are:
June 30, 2021:Cash $28,000
Accounts Receivable $19,000
Merchandise Inventory $28,000Equipment $17,000To Spieth, Capital $50,000
To Thomas, Capital $30,000To Vegas, Capital $20,000(Sale of assets to partners)June 30, 2021:
Notes Payable $14,000To Cash $14,000(Repayment of notes payable)June 30, 2021:
Accounts Payable $24,000To Cash $24,000(Payment of accounts payable)June 30, 2021:
Wages Expense $2,000To Wages Payable $2,000(Wages owed to employees)June 30, 2021:
Spieth, Capital $10,000Thomas, Capital $6,000Vegas, Capital $4,000
To Dividend $20,000(Return of capital)
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Nick lives in a city and parks his car on the street in his neighborhood. One morning, he discovered that his car had been stolen. Nick filed a police report and an auto insurance claim. Which one of the following types of auto claim would Nick file?
Nick would file a comprehensive auto insurance claim. In the given scenario, where Nick's car was stolen, he would file a comprehensive auto insurance claim.
Comprehensive insurance covers damages to a vehicle that are not a result of a collision, such as theft, vandalism, natural disasters, or other non-collision-related incidents. Since Nick's car was stolen, it falls under the coverage provided by comprehensive insurance.
It's important to note that if Nick had only purchased liability insurance, which covers damages to other parties in the event of an accident, the theft of his car would not be covered. However, comprehensive insurance specifically covers theft and would provide coverage in this situation.
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What is the ratio of LTV to CAC for the sale of software sold by a company with the following information?
The total cost of obtaining 40 leads that will result in one sale is $2500
The total cost of negotiting and finalizing a sale is $2000
The annual subcription fee is $4000 paid at beginning of each year.
The customer attrition rate is 10% from year 1 to year 2 and 10% from year 2 to year 3
Only consider subscription fee for three years.
The margin on the subscription is 100%.
The discount rate is 20%.
Express your answer to two decimal places e.g. 4.26
The ratio of LTV to CAC for the sale of software sold by a company is 3.28.Subscription fee for the first three years = $4000 * 3= $12000Customer attrition rate from year 1 to year 2 is 10% implying that: 90% of the customer will still be present by the end of the first year.
The number of customers retained for the second year will be 0.9 * 40 = 36The customer attrition rate from year 2 to year 3 is 10% implying that 90% of the customers will still be present by the end of the second year.
The number of customers retained for the third year will be 0.9 * 36 = 32.4The total LTV can be determined as follows:LTV = (Margin * Subscription Fee) / (Discount rate – Customer attrition rate) * (1 – Customer attrition rate)Where;
[tex]Margin = 100%Subscription fee = $4000Discount rate = 20%Year 1 LTV = (100% * $4000) / (20% + 10%) * (1 – 10%) = $24,000Year 2 LTV = (100% * $4000) / (20% + 10%) * (1 – 10%) * (1 – 10%) = $21,600Year 3 LTV = (100% * $4000) / (20% + 10%) * (1 – 10%) * (1 – 10%) * (1 – 10%) = $19,440Total LTV = $24,000 + $21,600 + $19,440 = $65,040[/tex]
The total cost of acquiring one customer can be calculated as follows;Total CAC = Cost of obtaining a lead + Cost of closing a sale / Number of leads that results in a sale = $2500 + $2000 / 40 = $125The ratio of LTV to CAC will be:[tex]Ratio of LTV to CAC = LTV / CAC = $65,040 / $125 = 3.28[/tex]
The ratio of LTV to CAC is 3.28.
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What happens to the expected return and risk of the portfolio if the correlation between SP500 and the RBC changes
to 0.9?
What happens to the expected return and risk of the portfolio if the correlation between SP500 and the RBC changes
to -0.9?
When the correlation between SP500 and RBC changes to 0.9, the expected return of the portfolio remains unaffected. This is because the expected return of a portfolio is determined by the individual returns of the assets within it, not their correlation.
However, the risk of the portfolio increases when the correlation between SP500 and RBC changes to 0.9. This is because a higher correlation implies that the returns of the two assets tend to move in the same direction. As a result, the portfolio becomes more exposed to systematic risk, which is the risk that affects the entire market.
On the other hand, when the correlation between SP500 and RBC changes to -0.9, the expected return of the portfolio remains unaffected. Again, the expected return is determined by the individual returns of the assets, not their correlation.
However, the risk of the portfolio decreases when the correlation between SP500 and RBC changes to -0.9. This is because a negative correlation implies that the returns of the two assets tend to move in opposite directions. As a result, the portfolio becomes less exposed to systematic risk.
In summary, when the correlation between SP500 and RBC increases to 0.9, the risk of the portfolio increases, but the expected return remains the same. When the correlation changes to -0.9, the risk of the portfolio decreases, but the expected return remains the same.
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When does the BWoF regime affect Property Managers and Developers? Select one: O a. BWOF regime is discretionary, so once the regime is opted into ► O b. Following a natural disaster O c. When the building contains those specific systems covered by the regime Od. When required by the local authority (Council) O e. Not until the current Building Amendment Bill is passed
The correct option is d. When required by the local authority (Council).The Building Warrant of Fitness (BWoF) regime affects Property Managers and Developers when required by the local authority (Council). However, it has not yet passed into law.
Under the Building Act 2004, local councils have the power to decide whether to require BWoFs for specific systems that require ongoing monitoring and maintenance to ensure they continue to work as they were designed. This requirement can apply to building systems such as lifts, sprinklers, or air conditioning units.When the local authority (Council) requires it, the BWoF regime affects Property Managers and Developers.
They need to ensure that those specific systems covered by the regime comply with the annual requirements and the associated fees. They need to arrange for regular building inspections and record the results in the Building Warrant of Fitness (BWoF).
The Building Amendment Bill 2019 was introduced to Parliament in August 2019. This bill proposes to replace the Building Act 2004 with new legislation. However, it has not yet passed into law. The correct option is d.
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Last month when Holiday Creations, Incorporated, sold 36,000 units, total sales were $144,000, total variable expenses were $102,240, and fixed expenses were $36,400. Required: 1. What is the company's contribution margin (CM) ratio? 2. What is the estimated change in the company's net operating income if it can increase sales volume by 725 units and total sales by $2,900? Note: Do not round intermediate calculations.
The company's contribution margin (CM) ratio is 29. The estimated change in the company's net operating income would be approximately $8,758,200.
To calculate the company's contribution margin (CM) ratio, we need to first find the contribution margin per unit and then express it as a percentage of total sales. Contribution margin per unit = Total sales - Total variable expenses; Contribution margin per unit = $144,000 - $102,240 = $41,760. CM ratio = (Contribution margin per unit / Total sales) * 100. CM ratio = ($41,760 / $144,000) * 100. CM ratio = 29%. Therefore, the company's contribution margin (CM) ratio is 29%.
To estimate the change in the company's net operating income, we need to calculate the increase in contribution margin from the increase in sales volume and total sales. Increase in contribution margin = Contribution margin per unit * Increase in sales volume. Increase in contribution margin = $41,760 * 725 = $30,180,000. Estimated change in net operating income = Increase in contribution margin * CM ratio. Estimated change in net operating income = $30,180,000 * 29% = $8,758,200. Therefore, if the company can increase sales volume by 725 units and total sales by $2,900, the estimated change in the company's net operating income would be approximately $8,758,200.
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how would you help a charter school develop a marketing plan, to help them raise retention with current students and also increase enrollment. How would you help them compete with other charter schools
To help a charter school develop a marketing plan to improve student retention and increase enrollment, as well as compete with other charter schools, here are some steps you can take:
1. Define target audience: Identify the specific demographic of students and parents you want to attract and retain. Consider factors such as age, location, interests, and educational needs.
2. Conduct market research: Gather data on the local education landscape, including competitor analysis. Understand the strengths and weaknesses of other charter schools in the area, their marketing strategies, and their unique selling propositions.
3. Set clear goals and objectives: Define measurable goals for student retention and enrollment increase. For example, increasing student retention by a certain percentage or attracting a specific number of new students.
4. Develop a compelling brand identity: Create a strong brand identity for the charter school that differentiates it from competitors. Develop key messages and values that resonate with the target audience and highlight the unique benefits and strengths of the school.
5. Enhance communication channels: Utilize various communication channels to reach and engage with the target audience. This may include a user-friendly website, social media platforms, email newsletters, community events, and partnerships with local organizations.
6. Improve parent and student engagement: Foster a sense of community and involvement by organizing events, workshops, and open houses. Establish effective communication channels with parents, such as regular newsletters, parent-teacher conferences, and feedback mechanisms.
7. Provide exceptional educational experiences: Continuously evaluate and enhance the curriculum, teaching methods, and extracurricular activities to ensure a high-quality educational experience for students. Consider incorporating innovative programs or specialized courses to attract and retain students with specific interests.
8. Utilize word-of-mouth marketing: Encourage satisfied parents and students to share their positive experiences with others. Implement referral programs or testimonials to incentivize and amplify positive word-of-mouth marketing.
9. Collaborate with local partners: Seek partnerships with local businesses, community organizations, and other educational institutions to enhance the school's visibility and reputation. Explore opportunities for joint initiatives, sponsorships, or community outreach programs.
10. Measure and adjust: Regularly monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of the marketing strategies implemented. Track enrollment numbers, retention rates, and feedback from parents and students. Make necessary adjustments based on the data and feedback received.
Remember, developing a marketing plan is an ongoing process that requires continuous evaluation, adaptation, and improvement to meet the evolving needs and expectations of the target audience and remain competitive in the charter school landscape.
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There are STRUE/FALSE Questions below, Put Click to the correct answer (1 Mark Each) Understanding generally accepted accounting principles is not necessary to use and interpret financial statements. True False Revenues are increases in equity from a company's eaming activities. . True False An income statement describes a company's financial position at a point in time. " The False Owhors investiments are incresses in equay and asseets ? Tove False Limblities ate the ow-iers chinit on askets. " True
1. False- Understanding generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) is necessary. 2. True-Revenues are increases in equity resulting from a company's earning activities. 3. False- An income statement does not describe a company's financial position. 4. False- Owner's investments refer to the capital contributions made by the owners into the business. 5. True- Liabilities represent the obligations or debts of a company.
Understanding generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) is necessary to use and interpret financial statements. GAAP provides the standard rules and guidelines for preparing and presenting financial statements, ensuring consistency and comparability.
True. Revenues are increases in equity resulting from a company's earning activities. They represent the amounts earned by selling goods, providing services, or other business activities.
False. An income statement, also known as a statement of comprehensive income or profit and loss statement, presents the financial performance of a company over a specific period, typically a month, quarter, or year. It shows revenues, expenses, and the resulting net income or loss, but it does not describe a company's financial position at a point in time.
False. Owner's investments refer to the capital contributions made by the owners into the business. They are increases in equity, but they do not necessarily increase assets. Assets represent resources owned by the company, such as cash, inventory, property, and equipment.
True. Liabilities represent the obligations or debts of a company. They are the amounts owed to creditors or other entities. The owner's equity is the residual interest in the assets after deducting liabilities.
Understanding basic accounting principles is essential for using and interpreting financial statements effectively. Revenues represent increases in equity from a company's earning activities, while liabilities represent the obligations or debts of the company. An income statement focuses on financial performance over a period of time and does not describe a company's financial position at a point in time.
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You run a nail salon. Fixed monthly cost is $5,591.00 for rent and utilities, $6,103.00 is spent in salaries and $1,584.00 in insurance. Also every customer requires approximately $3.00 in supplies. You charge $91.00 on average for each service. You are considering moving the salon to an upscale neighborhood where the rent and utilities will increase to $10,018.00, salaries to $6,275.00 and insurance to $2,375.00 per month. Cost of supplies will increase to $7.00 per service. However you can now charge $166.00 per service. What is the PROFIT or Loss at the crossover point?
At the crossover point of 76 services, the profit is -$6,818. This indicates a loss. However, it's important to consider the overall profitability of the business beyond the crossover point.
To determine the crossover point, we need to find the number of services provided where the profit remains the same in both locations.
Let's denote the number of services as x.
In the current location, the total cost per service is:
Fixed costs: $5,591 + $6,103 + $1,584 = $13,278
Variable costs: $3 (supplies per service) * x
The revenue generated in the current location is:
$91 (charge per service) * x
Therefore, the profit in the current location is:
Profit = Revenue - Total Cost
Profit = $91x - ($13,278 + $3x)
Profit = $88x - $13,278
In the upscale location, the total cost per service is:
Fixed costs: $10,018 + $6,275 + $2,375 = $18,668
Variable costs: $7 (supplies per service) * x
The revenue generated in the upscale location is:
$166 (charge per service) * x
Therefore, the profit in the upscale location is:
Profit = Revenue - Total Cost
Profit = $166x - ($18,668 + $7x)
Profit = $159x - $18,668
To find the crossover point, we set the profits in both locations equal to each other and solve for x:
$88x - $13,278 = $159x - $18,668
$71x = $5,390
x = 76
So, at the crossover point of 76 services, the profit is the same in both locations.
To calculate the profit at the crossover point:
Profit = $88 (charge per service) * 76 - ($13,278 + $3 (supplies per service) * 76)
Profit = $6,688 - ($13,278 + $228)
Profit = $6,688 - $13,506
Profit = -$6,818
At the crossover point of 76 services, the profit is -$6,818. This indicates a loss. However, it's important to consider the overall profitability of the business beyond the crossover point. If the salon expects to provide more than 76 services, the upscale location could potentially yield higher profits due to the increased charge per service. Further analysis of customer demand and market potential in the new upscale neighborhood is recommended to make an informed decision.
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Banks act as financial intermediaries because they stand between savers and borrowers. Savers place deposits with banks, and then receive interest payments and withdraw money. Borrowers receive loans from banks and repay the loans with interest. In turn, banks return money to savers in the form of withdrawals, which also include interest payments from banks to savers.
Banks also perform several roles amongst businesses and individuals. For this discussion, your task is to:
Identify the roles that banks play in your day-to-day life.
Explain how a change in banking policy may impact a life decision that you will one day, or maybe have in the past, come across. This can include, among other decisions, a major purchase, a decision regarding schooling, or a decision to start a business.
Banks play a significant role in everyone's day-to-day life. It provides various services that make life easier for the public.
The following are some of the services that banks provide and how they affect everyday life:
They are a safe and convenient place to save money.
Banks keep the deposits of savers safe and pay them interest on their savings. In the case of emergency, one can withdraw their savings from a bank easily.
They issue loans to individuals and businesses.
Banks provide loans for the purchase of homes, cars, education, and other major purchases. It helps individuals to make their purchases without worrying about having the full amount of money upfront.
They also provide business loans that help entrepreneurs in starting their businesses. They provide services for the exchange of currency.
Banks provide foreign currency exchange services, which are essential for people traveling internationally. They convert money from one currency to another for a small fee or commission. They offer investment opportunities. Banks offer various investment opportunities such as bonds, stocks, and other investment schemes. This is one way for people to make money by investing in different markets.
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M8L2 - Discrimination in the Workplace
While there has been a substantial amount of discussion in the media regarding the wage gap between men and women as well as between different races, proving blatant discrimination on behalf of employers can often be very difficult.
PART I
Keeping in mind that such gaps can largely be accounted for based on criteria such as education, work experience and occupational choice, please suggest some constructive policies that may reduce any form of discrimination that exists. Please be clear and RESPECTFUL in your explanation
Constructive policies that may reduce any form of discrimination that exists Discrimination can take many forms, including unconscious bias.
There are, however, many constructive policies that can be put in place in the workplace to combat such discrimination. They are:
1. Unconscious bias training: The goal of unconscious bias training is to assist people in recognizing their biases and then work to overcome them.
2. Pay transparency: In order to reduce wage gaps, employers should consider being open and transparent about pay. This can be accomplished by disclosing salary ranges or ranges of pay for different levels of seniority.
3. Flexible schedules and job sharing: Employees should be given the option to work from home or to work at different times to accommodate their needs, such as childcare.
4. Diversity and inclusion programs: These programs help to create an environment that is inclusive of all employees and encourages diversity.
5. Employee Resource Groups (ERGs): Employee Resource Groups can assist in fostering an inclusive workplace environment and provide support for underrepresented groups in the workplace.
6. Diverse hiring practices: Employers should actively seek to hire candidates from diverse backgrounds, rather than relying on traditional hiring methods.
7. Performance-based evaluations: Evaluations that are based on an employee's performance and skill set, rather than their race or gender, will help to reduce discrimination in the workplace.
8. Zero-tolerance policies: Employers should adopt zero-tolerance policies regarding discrimination, which include consequences such as termination of employment for those found to be engaging in such behavior.
The above policies are just a few examples of constructive policies that can be implemented in the workplace to combat discrimination.
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Collect a holiday brochure from a destination of your choice-ideally for a place you have never visited. Make a critical appraisal of the images in the brochure to identify the appeal of the destination. Using news media images enhance your assessment of the destination as a place to visit. What tourism segments might this destination attract?
To collect a holiday brochure from a destination of your choice, you can either visit a travel agency or search online for brochures from different destinations. Look for a destination that you have never visited before.
Make a critical appraisal of the images in the brochure to identify the appeal of the destination. Look for factors such as natural beauty, landmarks, cultural attractions, and recreational activities that are highlighted in the images. Consider how these images convey a sense of relaxation, adventure, or cultural immersion. To enhance your assessment of the destination as a place to visit, you can use news media images. Search for news articles, travel blogs, or online platforms that provide images of the destination. Pay attention to any positive or negative news coverage about the destination, as this can give you a more well-rounded perspective. Based on your assessment, consider what tourism segments this destination might attract. For example, if the destination has beautiful beaches and luxury resorts, it may attract tourists looking for a beach vacation or honeymoon destination. If the destination has historical sites and cultural festivals, it may attract tourists interested in history and culture. In conclusion, by critically appraising the images in the holiday brochure and using news media images, you can assess the appeal of the destination. This assessment can help identify the tourism segments that the destination might attract.
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Suppose that your maximum willingness to pay for a bicycle is $346. The actual price of a bicycle you purchase is $231. What is your consumer surplus from making this purchase?
Given that the maximum willingness to pay for a bicycle is $346 and the actual price of the bicycle is $231. Now, we are supposed to find the consumer surplus from making this purchase.
Consumer surplus refers to the difference between the highest price a customer is willing to pay for a product and the actual price paid to the seller. Consumer surplus is an economic measure of consumer benefit.The formula for consumer surplus is:Consumer Surplus = Maximum Willingness to Pay - Actual Price PaidUsing the above formula, let's solve the problem:Maximum willingness to pay for a bicycle = $346. Actual price of the bicycle = $231Consumer surplus = $346 - $231 = $ 115Therefore, the consumer surplus from making this purchase is $115.
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how does financial accounting help conpanies secure debt financing?
a) by encouraging innovstion
b) by promoting productivity
c)by verifying financial statements
d) by providing relevant information
Financial accounting provides information that helps companies secure debt financing. This information is a form of assurance to lenders that the company is capable of repaying the loan. Below is a detailed discussion on how financial accounting helps companies secure debt financing:
How does financial accounting help companies secure debt financing?Financial accounting is the process of recording and reporting financial transactions. It involves the use of accounting principles, standards, and guidelines to provide financial information that is relevant to external stakeholders such as investors, creditors, and lenders.
1. Verifying Financial StatementsFinancial accounting helps companies prepare accurate financial statements. These statements provide an overview of the company's financial health. Lenders use financial statements to determine the company's ability to repay the loan. For example, the balance sheet shows the company's assets, liabilities, and equity. Lenders use this information to determine the company's liquidity and solvency.
2. Providing Relevant InformationFinancial accounting provides lenders with relevant information that helps them make informed lending decisions. For example, lenders use the income statement to determine the company's profitability. Lenders use this information to determine the company's ability to generate enough cash flow to repay the loan.
3. Maintaining Accurate RecordsFinancial accounting helps companies maintain accurate records of their financial transactions. This information is used to prepare financial statements that are required by lenders. Lenders use this information to verify the company's financial health. Accurate financial records help lenders make informed lending decisions.
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Farm Ltd is considering investing in a new project codenamed Project Cows at a cost now of $25,000. The project is expected to generate cash flows of $5,000 investments are paying a return of 7% p.a. compounded annually. What is the NPV of Project Cows? Your response must be entered as a numerical value with 2 decimal places and excluding the dollar sign ($).
the NPV of Project Cows is -$20,327.10.
To calculate the Net Present Value of Project Cows, we need to discount the expected cash flows by the rate of return.
First, let's calculate the present value (PV) of the cash flows. We'll use the formula:
PV = Cash Flow / (1 + r)^n
Where:
- PV is the present value
- Cash Flow is the expected cash flow
- r is the rate of return
- n is the number of periods
- Cash Flow = $5,000
- r = 7% or 0.07
- n = 1
PV = $5,000 / (1 + 0.07)^1
PV = $5,000 / (1.07)
PV = $4,672.90 (rounded to 2 decimal places)
Next, we'll calculate the NPV. The formula for NPV is:
NPV = PV - Cost of Investment
Given:
- Cost of Investment = $25,000
NPV = $4,672.90 - $25,000
NPV = -$20,327.10 (rounded to 2 decimal places)
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Lansing inc. Uses a perpetual inventory system. Inventory costs are determined using the last in, first out (lifo) method. On august 2, 39 units were purchased at $19 per unit. On august 5, 24 units were purchased at $14 per unit. On august 15, 26 units were sold at $53 per unit. On august 18, 29 units were purchased at $15 per unit. The units sold on august 15 had a cost of goods sold of $. (do not input a comma or cents. )
The cost of goods sold for the units sold on August 15 using the last in, first out (LIFO) method is $1,315.
In a LIFO inventory system, the most recent purchases are assumed to be the first ones sold. Let's calculate the cost of goods sold for the units sold on August 15.
First, we need to determine the cost of the 26 units sold on August 15. Since the most recent purchase was on August 18, we need to consider the units purchased on August 18 and August 5.
On August 18, 29 units were purchased at $15 per unit, so the cost of these units is 29 * $15 = $435.
On August 5, 24 units were purchased at $14 per unit, so the cost of these units is 24 * $14 = $336.
Since the total number of units purchased (29 + 24 = 53) is greater than the units sold (26), we can calculate the cost of goods sold by considering the most recent purchases. We subtract the cost of the units purchased on August 18 and August 5 from the total cost: $435 + $336 = $771.
Therefore, the cost of goods sold for the units sold on August 15 is $771.
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