The length of speed's hand of watch is 1cm the change in velocity of is tip in 15 sec

There are 0.506 grams in 0.02 moles of Mg

To find the grams of Mg in 0.02 mol, you can use the formula:

grams = moles × molar mass

In this case, moles = 0.02 mol, and the molar mass of Mg = 25.3 g/mol. Plug in the values:

grams = 0.02 mol × 25.3 g/mol

grams = 0.506 g

So, there are 0.506 grams of Mg in 0.02 mol.

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The net force acting on q₂ when Particle is positioned between q₁ and q₃ is 0.486N.

Inversely proportional to the square of the distance between charges and proportionate to the product of their magnitudes is the electrostatic force of attraction or repulsion.

Force on q₂ due to q₁

F₁₂ = kq₁q₂ / r₁₂²

Putting the values provided , may get

F₁₂ = 9 x 10⁹ x 5 x 10⁻⁶ x 2.5 x 10⁻⁶ / (0.5)²

F₁₂ = 0.414 N

Force on q₂ due to q₃ placed at distance 0.25m

F₂₃ =kq₂q₃ / r₂₃²

Substitute the values, can get

F₂₃ =  9 x 10⁹ x 2.5 x 10⁻⁶ x 2.5 x 10⁻⁶ / (0.25)²

F₂₃ = 0.9N

The net force can be calculated as

F =F₂₃ -F₁₂

F =0.9 - 0.414 = 0.486 N

Therefore, the net force of q₂ is 0.486 N.

The complete question is,

Particles q1, q2, and q3 are in a straight line. Particles q1 = -5.00 x 10^-6 C, q2 = +2.50 x 10^-6 C, and q3 = -2.50 x 10^-6 C. Particles q1 and q2 are separated by 0.500 m. Particles q2 and q3 are separated by 0.250 m. What is the net force on q2?

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Color perception is determined by wavelengths of light, red, green, and blue make colors for objects that emit light. The color we see for objects not emitting light is based on reflected light. Sunglasses and filters change perceived colors by blocking certain wavelengths of light.

Color perception is a complex phenomenon that involves the interaction between light and objects in our environment. The colors that we see are determined by the wavelengths of photons that are reflected or emitted by objects. When light hits an object, some photons are absorbed while others are reflected, and the reflected photons are what we see as color.

For objects that emit light, such as TVs and computer screens, the colors are created by combining just three primary colors: red, green, and blue. By varying the intensity of these three colors, the screen can create a wide range of hues and shades.

For objects that do not emit light, such as colored paper, the color that we see is determined by the wavelengths of light that are reflected by the object. For example, a red piece of paper appears red because it reflects red light and absorbs other wavelengths.

Filters, such as sunglasses, work by selectively blocking certain wavelengths of light. This changes the colors that we perceive, as some colors are absorbed while others are allowed through.

In summary, color perception is based on the wavelengths of photons reflected or emitted by objects. For objects that emit light, colors are created by combining red, green, and blue.

For objects that do not emit light, the color that we see is determined by the wavelengths of light that are reflected. Filters, such as sunglasses, work by selectively blocking certain wavelengths of light to change the colors that we perceive.

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Elliptical are redder and rounder than spiral galaxies. Option a is correct.

Elliptical galaxies are redder and rounder than spiral galaxies. Elliptical galaxies are so named because they have a shape that ranges from nearly spherical to highly elongated. They are generally redder than spiral galaxies, as they contain an older population of stars that are cooler and emit less blue light.

Spiral galaxies, on the other hand, are typically bluer due to their younger, hotter stars that emit more blue light. Elliptical galaxies also lack the distinctive spiral arms and central bulge of spiral galaxies, making them appear rounder in shape. The correct answer is (a).

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The wavelength of violet light in a vacuum is approximately 3.997 x 10^-7 meters, which is equivalent to 399.7 nanometers.

The wavelength of the light in a vacuum can be calculated using the formula λ = c/f, where λ is the wavelength, c is the speed of light in a vacuum (299,792,458 meters per second), and f is the frequency of the light.

Using this formula, we can find the wavelength of the violet light as follows:

λ = c/f
λ = 299,792,458 m/s / 7.5 x 10^14 Hz
λ = 3.997 x 10^-7 meters

Therefore, the wavelength of violet light in a vacuum is approximately 3.997 x 10^-7 meters, which is equivalent to 399.7 nanometers.

In summary, the frequency of violet light is a measure of how fast it oscillates, and its wavelength in a vacuum can be calculated using the speed of light and frequency of the light. Knowing the wavelength of a particular color of light is useful in many fields, including astronomy, physics, and optics.

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A reservoir functions like a battery by storing potential energy and releasing it when needed.

A reservoir can function like a battery by storing and releasing energy. In a hydroelectric reservoir, potential energy is stored by collecting water in a high altitude area, which can then be released to generate electricity.

Similar to a battery, the energy stored in a reservoir can be charged and discharged as needed.

The charging process occurs when water is pumped uphill using electricity generated by other sources, and the discharge process occurs when the stored water is released to generate electricity during times of high demand.

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An airplane and a freight train have the same momentum, but the train's speed is much slower due to its much larger mass. The train's speed is approximately 9.8 km/h. The correct option is B.

The momentum of an object is the product of its mass and velocity. If two objects have the same momentum, their product of mass and velocity will be equal. We can use this principle to determine the speed of the freight train, given the momentum of the airplane.

The momentum of the airplane is:

[tex]p = m \times v[/tex]

[tex]p = 21,700\;kg \times (1,200\;km/h \times 1000\;m/km)[/tex]

p = 26,040,000 kg m/s

Since the momentum of the airplane and the train are equal, we can set their momentum equations equal to each other:

[tex]p = m \times v[/tex]

[tex]26,040,000\;kg\;m/s = 9,600,000\;kg \times v[/tex]

Solving for v, we get:

v = 26,040,000 kg m/s / 9,600,000 kg

v = 2.71 m/s

To convert the velocity from meters per second to kilometers per hour, we multiply by 3.6:

[tex]v = 2.71 m/s \times 3.6\;km/h/m[/tex]

v = 9.8 km/h

Therefore, the speed of the freight train is approximately 9.8 km/h, which is option B.

In summary, the momentum of the airplane is used to determine the velocity of the freight train, which can be calculated using the momentum equation. The velocity of the freight train is found to be approximately 9.8 km/h.

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The statement that there are no other galaxies in the Universe is completely untrue. Science has shown us that there are countless galaxies in the Universe, each one containing billions of stars, planets, and other celestial bodies. The sheer size of the Universe alone suggests that there must be more galaxies out there.

Our own galaxy, the Milky Way, is just one of many, and we can observe other galaxies through telescopes and other instruments. In fact, astronomers estimate that there may be as many as 2 trillion galaxies in the observable Universe alone.

These galaxies come in many shapes and sizes, and they are spread out across the vast expanse of the Universe. Some are spiral galaxies like the Milky Way, while others are elliptical or irregular in shape. They all contain massive black holes, which play a crucial role in shaping the structure and evolution of the galaxies themselves.

Understanding the presence of other galaxies in the Universe is crucial to our understanding of the origins and evolution of the cosmos. Through ongoing scientific study, we continue to learn more about the structure, dynamics, and properties of these galaxies, shedding new light on the mysteries of the Universe.

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A singly charged ion makes 6.00 rev in a 40.0 mt in 1.32 ms. The atomic mass of the singly charged ion is 24.3 atomic mass units

Physicist S.A. Goudsmit devised a method for accurately measuring the masses of heavy ions by timing their periods of revolution in a known magnetic field. This method is known as the magnetic moment method. It involves the use of a magnetic field to deflect the ion in a circular path, and measuring the time it takes for the ion to complete a full revolution. The mass of the ion can then be calculated from its charge, the magnetic field strength, and the time taken for one revolution.

In this case, we are given that a singly charged ion makes 6.00 revolutions in a magnetic field of 40.0 millitesla in 1.32 milliseconds. To calculate its mass in atomic mass units (amu), we can use the formula:

mass = (charge x magnetic field x period) / (2 x pi)

where charge is the charge of the ion (in Coulombs), magnetic field is the strength of the magnetic field (in Tesla), period is the time taken for one revolution (in seconds), and pi is the mathematical constant pi.

Since the ion is singly charged, its charge is 1.6 x 10^-19 C. Converting the magnetic field from millitesla to Tesla, we get 0.04 T. Converting the period from milliseconds to seconds, we get 0.00132 s. Plugging in these values, we get:

mass = (1.6 x 10^-19 C x 0.04 T x 0.00132 s) / (2 x pi) = 4.04 x 10^-26 kg

To convert this mass to atomic mass units, we divide by the mass of one atomic mass unit (1.66 x 10^-27 kg/amu):

mass in amu = (4.04 x 10^-26 kg) / (1.66 x 10^-27 kg/amu) = 24.3 amu

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Isaac Newton was born on January 4, 1643, in England. He was 23 years old when he formulated the theory of universal gravity in 1666.

This was during a period when he was isolating himself to avoid the bubonic plague outbreak that was ravaging England at that time.

While in isolation, Newton engaged in extensive scientific research and discovered the laws of motion, optics, and gravity.

His theory of universal gravitation proposed that every particle of matter in the universe attracts every other particle with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

This theory revolutionized the field of physics and remains a fundamental concept in modern science.

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If an object is speeding up, the sign of its velocity and acceleration are the same. Option B is correct.

This means that both velocity and acceleration are positive if the object is moving in the positive direction and negative if the object is moving in the negative direction. Acceleration is defined as the rate of change of velocity over time, so if an object is speeding up, its velocity is increasing over time. This increase in velocity can be positive or negative, depending on the direction of motion, but in either case, the acceleration must be in the same direction as the velocity.

Distance and speed are not inversely proportional in this case, as they can both increase or decrease together when an object is speeding up. The magnitude of velocity and acceleration are not always zero, as they can be positive or negative depending on the direction of motion. Option B is correct.

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The electric field in the copper wire is approximately 7.63 x [tex]10^{-5}[/tex] V/m. The drift velocity of free electrons in a copper wire is given as 8.32 x [tex]10^{-4}[/tex] m/s.

The electric field in a conductor is directly proportional to the drift velocity. The relationship between drift velocity and electric field is given by:

vd = (eEτ)/(m)

where,

vd = drift velocity of electrons

e = charge of an electron

E = electric field

τ = relaxation time of electrons

m = mass of an electron

Assuming the values of e, m, and τ for copper, we can solve for the electric field:

E = (vd x m)/(eτ)

E = (8.32 x [tex]10^{-4}[/tex] m/s x 9.11 x [tex]10^{-31}[/tex] kg)/(1.6 x [tex]10^{-19}[/tex] C x 2.3 x [tex]10^{-14}[/tex] s)

E ≈ 7.63 x [tex]10^{-5}[/tex] V/m

Therefore, the electric field in the copper wire is approximately 7.63 x [tex]10^{-5}[/tex] V/m.

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The statement that the earth is accelerating since the direction of its velocity is changing is true, as changes in direction are also changes in velocity, which constitutes acceleration

The statement that the earth is going too fast to accelerate any more is false. This is because acceleration is a change in velocity, which can occur even if the speed is constant.

The statement that the earth is not accelerating since we earthlings do not feel the acceleration is also false, as acceleration is a physical property of an object's motion, independent of perception.

The statement that the earth is not accelerating since its speed is constant is true, as acceleration is defined as a change in velocity, which includes changes in speed or direction.

The statement that the earth has a velocity that is always changing is also true, as its motion around the sun is not perfectly circular and is affected by other celestial bodies.

The statement that the earth cannot accelerate since it is in space is false, as acceleration is a property of motion regardless of the medium in which it occurs.

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The most suitable instrument for measuring the thickness of a physics book is B. Vernier calipers, as they provide a higher degree of accuracy and precision compared to the other options.

One of the key advantages of Vernier calipers is their ability to provide measurements with a high level of precision. The Vernier scale allows for measurements to be read to a fraction of the smallest division on the main scale, significantly increasing the accuracy of the measurement.

This is especially useful when dealing with objects that have small dimensions or require precise measurements, such as the thickness of a book.

Furthermore, Vernier calipers often have a fine adjustment mechanism that enables the user to ensure a tight fit around the object being measured, minimizing any potential errors due to play or movement. This feature contributes to the overall accuracy of the measurements.

In comparison to other measuring instruments, such as a ruler or a tape measure, Vernier calipers provide a greater level of precision. Rulers, for example, typically have larger increments and are better suited for measuring longer distances rather than small thicknesses.

Tape measures, on the other hand, can be flexible and might not provide the same level of accuracy as Vernier calipers, especially when measuring thin objects.

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It will take approximately 5.54 ms for the potential difference across the capacitor to decrease from 10.0 V to 5.0 V after the switch is closed.

The time constant of the circuit can be calculated using the formula RC, where R is the resistance in the circuit and C is the capacitance of the capacitor. From the diagram, we can see that the resistance in the circuit is 4.00 kΩ and the capacitance of the capacitor is 2.00 μF. Therefore, the time constant of the circuit is:

RC = 4.00 kΩ × 2.00 μF = 8.00 ms

When the switch is closed, the capacitor will start to discharge through the resistor. The rate at which the potential difference across the capacitor decreases is given by:

V = V0 × e^(-t/RC)

Where V is the potential difference across the capacitor at time t, V0 is the initial potential difference across the capacitor (10.0 V in this case), and e is the base of the natural logarithm.

To find the time it takes for the potential difference across the capacitor to decrease to 5.0 V, we can rearrange the equation to:

t = -RC × ln(V/V0)

Substituting the values given, we get:

t = -8.00 ms × ln(5.0 V/10.0 V) = 5.54 ms

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Answer:

setting a stationary body in motion.

Explanation:

like a stationary car will start moving when driving force is applied

The speakers in a sports stadium are 89. 5 m from a fan's seat. It takes approximately 0.261 seconds for sound to travel from the speakers to the fan's seat in the sports stadium.

The time it takes for sound to travel from the speakers to the fan's seat can be calculated using the formula

Time = distance / speed

Where distance is the distance between the speakers and the fan's seat, and speed is the speed of sound in air.

In this case, the distance between the speakers and the fan's seat is 89.5 m, and the speed of sound in air is 343 m/s (at standard temperature and pressure).

Plugging in these values into the formula, we get

Time = 89.5 m / 343 m/s

Time = 0.261 seconds

Therefore, it takes approximately 0.261 seconds for sound to travel from the speakers to the fan's seat in the sports stadium.

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Answer:

Developing decision-making skills is a vital aspect that occurs during the stage of intellectual development in adolescent development.

Explanation:

During adolescence, individuals undergo significant changes in their cognitive abilities, including an increase in abstract thinking, reasoning, and problem-solving skills. These changes allow adolescents to start thinking critically and independently, weigh options, and make more informed decisions about their lives.

As adolescents develop their intellectual abilities, they also gain more control over their lives and begin to make decisions about their education, career paths, relationships, and other important aspects of their lives. This is a critical time for developing decision-making skills, as the decisions made during adolescence can have significant and long-lasting effects on individuals' lives.

While other aspects of adolescent development, such as social, emotional, and physical development, are also important, intellectual development plays a crucial role in helping adolescents navigate the complex and challenging decisions they face as they transition to adulthood.

Plugging these values into the formula, we get: angular acceleration = (1.7 m/s2) / (0.0021 m) = 809.52 rad/s2

The angular acceleration of the yo-yo is 809.52 rad/s2.

Hello! I'd be happy to help you with your question. To find the angular acceleration of the yo-yo, we'll need to use the following relationship: linear acceleration = radius × angular acceleration.

Given that the yo-yo has a center shaft radius of 0.21 cm (0.0021 m) and a linear acceleration of 1.7 m/s², we can rearrange the formula to find the angular acceleration:

angular acceleration = linear acceleration / radius

Angular acceleration = (1.7 m/s²) / (0.0021 m)

By calculating this, we get:

Angular acceleration ≈ 809.52 rad/s²

So, the angular acceleration of the yo-yo is approximately 809.52 rad/s².

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If the entire wire is reshaped from a two turn circle to a one-turn circle in 0.109 s , the magnitude of the induced EMF is 0.626 V.

When a wire loop is moved in a magnetic field, a current is induced in the wire due to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. The magnitude of the induced EMF (voltage) is given by the equation:

E = -N(dΦ/dt)

where E is the induced EMF, N is the number of turns in the loop, and dΦ/dt is the rate of change of the magnetic flux through the loop.

In this case, the wire loop has two turns and is initially circular, with a radius of 0.301 m. The magnetic field has a magnitude of 0.169 T and is perpendicular to the plane of the wire loop.

When the wire loop is reshaped to a one-turn circle, the flux through the loop changes. The new flux through the loop is given by:

Φ = B*A

where B is the magnetic field, and A is the area of the loop.

For a circular loop, the area is given by:

A = πr^2

where r is the radius of the loop. Thus, the new flux through the loop is:

Φ = Bπr^2

When the loop is reshaped, the radius changes from 0.301 m to 0.151 m. Thus, the new flux through the loop is:

Φ = (0.169 T)(π(0.151 m)^2) = 0.0342 Wb

The rate of change of the flux is given by:

(dΦ/dt) = ΔΦ/Δt

where ΔΦ is the change in flux and Δt is the time taken for the loop to be reshaped (0.109 s). Thus,

(dΦ/dt) = (0.0342 Wb)/(0.109 s) = 0.313 V/s

Since the wire loop has two turns, the induced EMF is:

E = -N(dΦ/dt) = -(2)(0.313 V/s) = -0.626 V

The negative sign indicates that the induced current flows in a direction that opposes the change in flux.

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Max would hear the clapping sound at a slightly slower tempo compared to the other students.

Assuming that the speed of sound in air is approximately 343 m/s at room temperature and sea level, we can calculate the time it takes for the sound wave to reach Max's ears.

Using the equation distance = speed x time, we can rearrange it to get time = distance/speed. Plugging in the values, we get time = 80/343 = 0.233 seconds.

The metronome produces sound waves at a constant frequency. At a distance of 80 meters, the sound waves would have to travel a longer distance to reach Max's ears compared to the other students who are closer.

This means that the time it takes for the sound waves to travel from the metronome to Max's ears is longer than for the other students. As a result, Max would hear the clapping sound at a slightly slower tempo compared to the other students.

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The pressure on the base of the tank is: 4000 Pa when it contains oil weighing 6000 N with a base area of 1.5 m².

Pressure is defined as force per unit area. In this case, the force acting on the base of the tank is the weight of the oil, which is given as 6000 N. The area of the base is 1.5 m². Using the formula for pressure, we can calculate the pressure as:

Pressure = Force / Area

Substituting the given values, we get:

Pressure = 6000 N / 1.5 m² = 4000 Pa

Therefore, the pressure on the base of the tank when it contains oil weighing 6000 N with a base area of 1.5 m² is 4000 Pa.

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The statement that is NOT true is: "the magnetic field lines always cross one another."

Magnetic field lines do not cross one other since they depict the direction of the magnetic field at every position in space. The crossing of two field lines would cause the magnetic field to have two opposite directions at the same spot, which is not possible.

The magnetic field's direction is determined by the orientation of the magnetic dipole moment at its source of starting.

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The power output of the man pulling the bar can be calculated as follows:

Power = Work / Time

The work done by the man is equal to the force he exerts multiplied by the distance he moves the weights:

Work = Force x Distance

The force he exerts is equal to the weight of the weights he is lifting:

Force = Weight x g

where g is the acceleration due to gravity, which is approximately 10 m/s^2.

Plugging in the given values, we get:

Force = 30 kg x 10 m/s^2 = 300 N

Work = Force x Distance = 300 N x 0.5 m = 150 J

Power = Work / Time = 150 J / 0.5 s = 300 W

Now we can check which of the other options exerts the same power output:

Option A:

Force = 25 kg x 10 m/s^2 = 250 N

Work = Force x Distance = 250 N x 2.4 m = 600 J

Power = Work / Time = 600 J / 2.0 s = 300 W

Option B:

Force = 45 kg x 10 m/s^2 = 450 N

Work = Force x Distance = 450 N x 2.4 m = 1080 J

Power = Work / Time = 1080 J / 3.0 s = 360 W

Option C:

Force = 45 kg x 10 m/s^2 = 450 N

Work = Force x Distance = 450 N x 0.5 m = 225 J

Power = Work / Time = 225 J / 0.5 s = 450 W

Option D:

Force = 30 kg x 10 m/s^2 = 300 N

Work = Force x Distance = 300 N x 0.5 m = 150 J

Power = Work / Time = 150 J / 1.5 s = 100 W

Therefore, options A and B exert the same power output as the man pulling the bar, while options C and D do not.

The frequency of the clock that feeds the counter inside this timer is calculated as 1 kHz.

The frequency of clock that feeds the counter inside this time

                     [tex]f_{t}[/tex] = clock source frequency / 2

                         =  fs / 2

                         =  2/ 2 = 1 kHz

                Time period = 1 / f

                                  = 1 / 1 h = 1 ms

for each count time gap = 1 ms

part 2 :

Because the counter has 16 bits, its counting range is from 0 to (2ⁿ - 1) for up counting

(2ⁿ - 1) to 0   for down counting

for 16 bit for down counting = (2 ¹⁶ - 1) to 0

The larger load value to start down counting = 2¹⁶ - 1

Part 3:

The longest period for  16 bit periodic counter = total count × time base

                       = 2¹⁶ × 1 ms

                       = 65, 536 × 1 ms = 65. 5365

Part 4 :

load value is 999

count value C₁ = 550 for event 1

count value C₂ = 200 for event 2

                 time elapsed       = (C₁ - C₂ )× time base

                                                 = ( 550 - 200) × 1 ms

                                                 = 350 ms

Part 5:

Assume load is 9999 for each cycle that the timer is loaded with before beginning the countdown, which began at = 2000 C

time elapsed = 3 s

total counts required = time elapsed / time base

                                    = 3 s / 1 ms = 3000

However, when the timer reaches zero, it becomes a down count timer and initiates the cycle with a load value of 9999.

Before restart it completes - 2001 including 0

after restart it requires - 999

current value = 9999 - 999

                      = 9000

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Answer:

Blue Jeans (are) blue light,

so that we see them as the color

The best choice that explains the definition of a variable is, a variable is something that can change and may affect the outcome in a scientific investigation. Option 2 is correct.

In scientific investigations, a variable is a factor or condition that can be changed or varied, and may have an effect on the outcome of the investigation. Variables are often classified into independent, dependent, and controlled variables. The independent variable is the factor that is intentionally changed by the researcher to observe its effect on the dependent variable, which is the factor that is being measured or observed.

While the other choices are related to scientific investigations, they do not accurately define what a variable is. A variable is a factor or condition that can change and potentially affect the outcome of an experiment or scientific investigation. Option 2 is correct.

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The direction and magnitude of the three given vectors are:
1. A + B: magnitude = 26.07m, direction = -49.62°
2. A - B: magnitude = 49.56m, direction = 12.84°
3. B - A: magnitude = 49.56m, direction = 191.16°.

To find the direction and magnitude of the given vectors, we can use the trigonometric functions of sine, cosine, and tangent.

1. The vector sum A + B [10.22m, 145.16°]:
To find the magnitude, we use the formula: |A + B| = √(A^2 + B^2 + 2ABcosθ). Plugging in the values, we get |A + B| = √(10.22^2 + 22^2 + 2(10.22)(22)cos(145.16°)) = 26.07m. To find the direction, we use the formula: tanθ = (Bsinθ + Asin(180°-θ))/(Bcosθ + Acos(180°-θ)). Plugging in the values, we get tanθ = (-22sin(145.16°) + 10.22sin(34.84°))/(-22cos(145.16°) - 10.22cos(34.84°)) = -1.23. Therefore, the direction is θ = -49.62° (measured counterclockwise from the positive x-axis).

2. The vector A - B, [49.56m, 157°]:
To find the magnitude, we simply take the absolute value of A - B, which is 49.56m. To find the direction, we can subtract the angle of B from the angle of A, which gives us 12.84° (measured counterclockwise from the positive x-axis).

3. The vector difference B - A, [49.56m, 337°]:
To find the magnitude, we simply take the absolute value of B - A, which is also 49.56m. To find the direction, we can subtract the angle of A from the angle of B, which gives us 191.16° (measured counterclockwise from the positive x-axis).

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net force: 60( not sure)

I would say it's unbalanced because these forces are not of the same magnitude.

The difference in efficiencies of the mechanical system can be attributed to several factors such as increase in frictional force between the tarp and the system, an increase in tarp weight owing to water absorption, and an overall increase in resistance on the grass court due to wetness.

Firstly, the frictional force between the tarp and the mechanical system may have increased due to water on the tarp, leading to a decrease in efficiency.

Secondly, the weight of the tarp may have increased due to water absorption, leading to a greater load on the mechanical system, which in turn reduces efficiency.

Thirdly, the presence of water on the grass court may have increased the overall resistance to the movement of the tarp, leading to a decrease in efficiency.

These factors combined may explain the observed difference in efficiencies between the clear, sunny day and after a rainstorm.

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