The genetic material of viruses is primarily composed of: (C) Nucleic acids.
Viruses contain a protein coat (capsid) which protects the genetic material, which could be either RNA (ribonucleic acid) or DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), both of which are nucleic acids. A virus cannot contain both DNA and RNA at the same time.
A virus is a nucleoprotein and the genetic material (RNA or DNA) is infectious which contains the information for the genesis of new virus particles. Generally, plant-infecting viruses contain single stranded RNA and viruses which infect animals may contain either single or double stranded RNA or double stranded DNA.
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Which statement describes biological organization on a level smaller than a cell?
A. Many specialized cells come together to form a tissue.
B. Multiple organs can function together in a system.
C. Two or more tissues combine to form an organ with a specific function.
D. All living organisms are made up of organic compounds.
Answer: B- Multiple organs can function together in a system.
Explanation: I took the quiz.
Answer: All living organisms are made up of organic compounds.
Explanation: I took the quiz and the other answer was wrong but this one was right.
1. Describe the movement of water and
molecules across the cell membrane.
Osmosis is the process of water and molecules diffusing across cell membranes.
Cells must transfer materials into and out of their cytoplasm through their cell membranes in order to operate. Due to the semi permeability of these membranes, certain molecules can pass through but not others.Osmosis is the process by which water moves from one region of low solute (dissolved material) concentration to another region of high solute concentration across a semipermeable membrane. The semipermeable membrane in this instance prevents the solute from passing through. This involves the same random process as diffusion and can be imagined as water traveling down its own concentration gradient.Depending on the relative solute concentrations in each, semipermeable membrane-separated solutions can be classified as hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic. While a hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes than a neighboring solution, a hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration. When the solute concentrations are identical, water will transition from the hypotonic solution to the hypertonic solution. Isotonic solutions lack a concentration gradient because the solute concentrations are identical throughout.So, water and molecules cross the membrane by osmosis and diffusion.
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Question 9 of 10
The gas that makes up the majority of our atmosphere is
Answer here
Answer: The gas that makes up the most of our atmosphere is Nitrogen.
Explanation: Nitrogen :)
The table shows the mass and melting point of some substances.
Melting Point of Substances
Mass
(kg) Melting Point of Tin
(°C) Melting Point of Lead
(°C)
1 W Y
2 232 327
Part 1: What will be the values of W and Y for 1 kg of each substance?
Part 2: Explain your answer for Part 1.
HELP
The melting point of Tin = 231.9°c
Mass of Tin = 118.71g
The melting point of lead =327.5 °C
Mass of lead =207.2 u
As per the value , The Melting point of tin is nearly equals to the melting point of W so , the mass of Tin also nearly equals to the Mass of W that is = 117.1 gAlso for the Lead , the melting point of lead is nearly equals to the melting point of melting point of Y that is 327.5 °C so , the mass of Lead is also nearly equals to the mass of Y that is 207g/mol.So the value of W is 117.1 g and the value of Y is 207g.
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ronald fisher developed a critical idea for the modern synthesis of darwin and mendel. what is the basis of this synthesis? please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. answer choices mendel and darwin both missed the importance of population growth as described by malthus. darwin was incorrect on how natural selection influences discrete traits like mendel observed. multiple genes can explain the continuous nature of most observed traits. mendel was correct in that most traits are discrete.
The continuous nature of most observed qualities can be explained by multiple genes, which is the basis of this synthesis.
How did contemporary synthesis back up Darwin's theories?The contemporary synthesis acknowledges a variety of potential pathways for evolution. Natural selection was the only mechanism that was known to Darwin. genetic drift is one of these various mechanisms that might even be as significant as natural selection in the grand scheme of evolution.Which theory results when Mendelian genetics and Darwinian evolution are combined?
The phrase "Modern Synthesis" was first used by Julian Huxley in his 1942 book Evolution: The Modern Synthesis to describe the experimental and theoretical work that successfully linked Darwin's theory of evolution and Mendel's research on heredity.
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comparison of transfection agents in forming complexes with ferumoxides, cell labeling efficiency, and cellular viability
To identify, map, and evaluate the underlying biochemical processes of cell signaling, it is essential to visualize cells and cellular structures as well as track and modify nucleic acids and proteins in living cells.
How cell labeling of mammalian cells done?Mammalian cells can be magnetically labeled by combining ferumoxides or superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) with transfection agents (TAs). The effectiveness and survivability of cell labeling with TAs complexed to SPIO have not been systematically compared. This study examines the toxicity and labeling effectiveness of FEs complexed to various TAs in mammalian cells at various doses. TAs from several classes, including lipid-based substances, dendrimers, and polycationic amines, were employed. TAs at concentrations ranging from 1 to 50 microg/mL in incubation media were used to measure the cellular toxicity. Combining varying doses of TAs with various amounts of FEs allowed researchers to calculate the iron incorporation efficiency.Learn more about the cell labeling with the help of the given link:
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which element is always present in proteins
Answer:
Carbon (C)Hydrogen (H)Oxygen (O)Hydrocarbonyl elements
Explanation:
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if microbe a and microbe b have whole genome similarity of 68%, as determined by dna-dna hybridization, they should be considered the same species.
if microbe a and microbe b have whole genome similarity of 68%, as determined by dna-dna hybridization, they can not be considered as same species
The gold standard for genomic similarity assessments of pair-wise sets of strains for classification purposes has been DNA-DNA hybridization (DDH) methods. The approach has been extremely important in the last 50 years of prokaryote categorization. To determine how closely two genomes are related, a variety of methods have been developed. These methods largely rely on determining the degree of hybrid reassociation or the temperature stability of the hybrids. (DNA-DNA hybridization) DDH has received a lot of flak for being time-consuming, unreliable, and incapable of creating cumulative databases. These factors, along with recent advancements in genome sequencing, argue for the replacement of DDH methods with alternative strategies based on genome-to-genome sequence comparisons.
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If you were given five unknown substances and we’re asked to describe them by their physical properties what would you work for what should you not do while observing their physical properties
Answer: do not touch
do not smell
and don't play with it
Explanation:
describe at least three structures made of dense regular connective tissue and three made of dense irregular connective tissue. quizlet
Tendons, ligaments are made up of dense connective tissue with collagen fibers that are more densely packed. The specialized connective tissues of adipose tissue, bone, blood, cartilage and lymph are only a few examples.
The lymph nodes, some forms of fascia, and the submucosa of the intestinal tract are all made of dense, erratic connective tissue. Other examples are the tunica albuginea of the testis and the periosteum and perichondrium of bones. In bodily areas that require support to fend against forces coming from various directions, dense, uneven connective tissue is concentrated in high amounts.
Tissue that provides structure, support, and protection to other human tissues and organs. Connective tissue also stores fat, transports nutrients and other things between tissues and organs, and repairs damaged tissue. A gel-like substance, fibers, and cells make up connective tissue.
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To reduce pain and swelling, john had been taking an anti-prostaglandin medication. Which enzyme is involved in the formation of prostaglandins associated with pain and swelling?.
The enzyme, cyclooxygenase 2, converts arachidonic acid into prostaglandins. The prostaglandins produced are associated with pain and inflammation.
The prostaglandins are the lipid molecules produced at the site of injury. They cause inflammation, fever, pain, etc. to facilitate the healing process. When there is any injury, cyclooxygenase 2 produces more of the normal levels of prostaglandins to respond to the injury.
But when prostaglandins are produced in an excess amount, it needs to be controlled. For this purpose, anti-prostaglandin medications are prescribed. Aspirin and Ibuprofen are two anti-prostaglandin medications commonly taken to reduce inflammation. These work by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase and thus control the production of prostaglandins like thromboxane.
More specifically, arachidonic acids are produced at the site of injury. Prostaglandins are produced in response to these omega-6 fatty acids, or arachidonic acids, and mediated the healing process.
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annie wants to know the effect of different colors of light on the growth of plants. she believes that plants can survive best in white light. she buys 5 ferns of the same species, which are all approximately the same age and height. she places one in white light, one in blue light, one in green light, one in red light and one in the closet. all of the ferns are planted in miracle-grow and given 20 ml of water once a day for 2 weeks. after the two weeks, adele observes the plants and makes measurements.
eschenhagen t, fink c, remmers u, scholz h, wattchow j, weil j, zimmermann w, dohmen hh, schäfer h, bishopric n, wakatsuki t, elson el. three-dimensional reconstitution of embryonic cardiomyo- cytes in a collagen matrix: a new heart muscle model system.
A method has been developed for culturing cardiac myocytes in a collagen matrix to produce a coherently contracting three-d model coronary heart tissue that lets in direct size of isometric contractile force. Embryonic chick cardiomyocytes have been blended with collagen answer and allowed to gel between two Velcro-coated glass tubes. During culture, the cardiomyocytes shaped spontaneously beating cardiac myocyte-populated matrices (CMPMs) anchored at opposite ends to the Velcro-covered tubes thru which they ought to be attached to a force measuring system. Immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy printed an exceedingly prepared tissue-like shape of alpha-actin and alpha-tropomyosin-positive cardiac myocytes exhibiting normal cross-striation, sarcomeric myofilaments, intercalated discs, desmosomes, and tight junctions. Force measurements of paced or unpaced CMPMs have been carried out in organ baths after 6-11 days of cultivation and have been steady for up to 24 h. Force elevated with a frequency between 0.8 and 2 Hz (positive "staircase"), growing relaxation length (Starling mechanism), and growing extracellular calcium. The utility of this system as a check bed for genetic manipulation was established by infecting the CMPMs with recombinant beta-galactosidase-carrying adenovirus. Transduction effectivity improved from about 5% (MOI 0.1) to about 50% (MOI 100). CMPMs show extra physiological traits of intact coronary heart tissue than monolayer cultures. This approach, easier and faster than the era of transgenic animals, permit practical consequences of genetic or pharmacological manipulation of cardiomyocytes in vitro to be studied under highly controlled conditions.
Tissue is a group of cells that have similar structure and that function together as a unit. A nonliving material, called the intercellular matrix, fills the spaces between the cells. This may be abundant in some tissues and minimal in others.
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which two lables should be swiched
Answer:
c; asthenosphere and crust
Explanation:
the crust is under the asthenosphere and much thinner than the asthenosphere
other than that everything else is correct
What determines each organism’s unique traits? in other words, what creates the variation that we see in organisms?.
The variations in the DNA code, the alleles donated from the mother and father and combination of alleles within each organism are the factors that determine the unique traits in the organisms.
The unique trait that an individual possesses depends on the genes and their genetic make-up. These genes are inherited during the time of fertilization. The two gametes, called the spermatozoa and the ovum, carry the genetic information from the parents. These two gametes fuse together to form a zygote. The fusion of the two parental gametes to form a zygote is called fertilization. Zygote develops into an organism.
During fertilization, the DNA of the two organisms mix randomly and recombine to form new combinations of the genes. This mixing up of genes to form new combinations result in the unique characteristics of the offspring.
The DNA of the two parent organisms also contain the genetic code that provides instructions to a cell to make the proteins. In other words, the DNA code tells the procedure to be followed for any characteristic trait.
Therefore we can say that the variation in the DNA code, the hereditary alleles and their combinations in an organism determine the characteristic trait for that organism.
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Answer:
Explanation:
a
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wang bh, campbell g (2009) formulations of polyvinyl alcohol cryogel that mimic the biomechanical properties of soft tissues in the natural lumbar intervertebral disc. spine 34:2745–2753
Wang bh, campbell g (2009) formulations of polyvinyl alcohol cryogel that mimic the biomechanical properties of soft tissues in the natural lumbar intervertebral disc. spine 34:2745–2753
Current lumbar intervertebral disc prostheses gives suboptimal symptom relief and do not restore natural load-cushioning.
PVA-C is a likely material due to its high water capacity , excellent biocompatibility, and cosmopolitan mechanical properties. PVA-C samples were made with different PVA concentrations and number of freeze thaw cycles (FTC). Unconfined concretion was conducted to characterize various PVA-C formulations. concretive stress relaxation and creep were performed to evaluate the stability of PVA-C under stress. The results were distinguised to the mechanical properties of human lumbar intervertebral discs obtained from literature.PVA-C compressive elastic modulus jumped with elevating PVA concentration and no. of FTC's. The 3% 3FTC is the best formulation for mimicking the nucleus pulposus in concretion .
In general, concretive stress relaxation and creep falllen with elevated PVA concentration and no. of FTC's. concretive stress relaxation and creep were lower for PVA-C than human lumbar intervertebral discs, proposed that PVA-C will mostly exhibit stable and affirmable mechanical response in vivo.
All formulations furnished good mimicry of the human IVD in stress relaxation and creep. PVA-C also furnished good match to the anulus fibrosus matrix.
Good unimprisoned compression, stress releasing and creep behavior, summed with excellent biocompatibility, makes PVA-C a suitable choice as a major component of a tissue-mimicking artificial IVD.
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4 You are now going to complete the table below to describe the pathway for the
control of the internal conditions in the human body you have listed in Question 2.
a Write the 3 terms as headings in the correct sequence in the columns below.
b Complete the table by describing each step in the pathway in the correct
column for each internal condition.
ned
Internal
condition
Stimulus
Pathway of control system
Receptor
Coordination
centre
(4 marks)
(12 marks)
Effector
Explanation:
10.1 Respiratory System
Students will be able to;
• Describe the function of the major
organs of the respiratory system such
as trachea, lungs and alveoli.
• Explain how air moves in and out of the
lungs through observing a lung model.
10.2 Circulatory System
Students will be able to;
• Describe the structure and function of
the heart.
• ([SOain KRZ EORRd ÁRZs in tKe KuPan
body through the blood vessels.
• Describe the components of blood such
as red cells, white cells and platelets
and its functions.
how would you determine the streak of a mineral
Answer:
By scraping a mineral across a "streak plate." This can produce a small amount of powdered mineral on the surface of the plate. The color of the powder of that mineral known as its "streak."
Explanation:
22. What part of an ecosystem is not part of a community?
A. the different bird species
B. the biotic factors
C. the abiotic factors
D. a single worm
Answer:
D. a single worm
Explanation:
A community involves different species of organisms that exist in an area at the same time
Use the drop-down menus to complete the statements.
are made of amino acids.
are used by organisms to store and transmit genetic information.
are used by organisms for tissue growth and repair.
PROTEIN are made of amino acids.
DNA are used by organisms to store and transmit genetic information.
PROTEIN are used by organisms for tissue growth and repair.
Proteins are large complex molecules composed of amino acids and primary source of nitrogen in our diets.Dna is a double stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule capable of replicating and determining the inherited traits of organisms and viruses.Amino acid is a large chain linked with peptide bondProteins are composed of carbon hydrogen oxygen and nitrogenDna contains genetic material and transmit to the progeny.protein are of 20 types contains essential and non essential.To know more about DNA visit :
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What is produced during the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis?
Answer:
Light-independent reaction is a series of biochemical reactions in photosynthesis not requiring light to proceed, and ultimately produce organic molecules from carbon dioxide. The energy released from ATP (produced during the light reactions) drives this metabolic pathway.27-Jan-2022
Purpose: Utilize stored chemical energy for carbon dioxide fixation and form glucose ...
Site of Reaction: Stroma of Chloroplast
Input: ATP, NADPH, CO2
Output: G3P, ADP, NADP+
Water Advertisement
Water is so common, that it often is taken for granted. But as we’ve learned, it is a
remarkable molecule that is essential to life. And it is the unique properties of water that allow life on the planet to exist. Most people on this planet don’t know of water uniqueness and life-permitting properties. That needs to change!
Answer: Because ignorance water is misused
Explanation:
The cell theory is one of the unifying themes of biology. Which of the following
statements would not be part of cell theory?
Cells are the building blocks for all organisms
All organisms must be made of more than one type of cell
All life is made of cells
Cells come from preexisting cells
Cells are the smallest units of life
Answer: All organisms must be made of more than one type of cell
Explanation:
Why is it so difficult to design an effective experiment regarding Big Foot?
It so difficult to design an effective experiment regarding Bigfoot because the Bigfoot debate hasn't been approached scientifically by the believers.
What is bigfoot?
Bigfoot, often known as Sasquatch, is a supposedly ape-like creature that lives in North American woodlands.
In an effort to establish the reality of Bigfoot, numerous dubious articles have been put forth, including anecdotal accounts of sightings as well as supposed video and audio recordings, pictures, and casts of huge footprints. Some are blatantly or openly hoaxes. There are legends of wild, hairy humanoids around the world, and these monsters also figure in North American mythology, including the mythologies of the native population. Bigfoot is a recognizable figure in the outlawed field of cryptozoology and a steadfast part of culture.
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what is the energy needed to start a chemical reaction called
Activation energy
Explanation:Activation Energy is the minimum amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction.
A chemical reaction consists of different atoms, molecules, or compounds that arrange themselves to create new compounds.The chemical reaction contains reactant molecules that produce product molecules.The minimum amount of energy that is required to start any chemical reaction is called activation energy.This is because some amount of energy is always needed to initiate the reaction whether it is exothermic or endothermic.The exothermic reaction also involves some activation energy to initiate the reaction, and later it releases this energy.Activation energy can be affected by the nature of the reactant and the effect of the catalyst.The unit of activation energy is KJ/mol.the result of a guanine base being substituted for a thymine base in a DNA segment during DNA replication?
If a guanine base is substituted for a thymine base in a DNA segment during DNA replication, the sequence could code for the wrong amino acid during translation.
What is DNA replication?DNA replication may be characterized as a biological process through which two identical replicas of DNA are significantly produced with the help of one original DNA molecule. This strategy facilitates the construction of copies of DNA in cells during the process of cell division.
During the process of transcription, if a guanine base is substituted for a thymine base in a DNA segment, adenine is transcribed instead of cytosine.
While during the process of translation, the wrong amino acids might be terminated up being translated due to the incorrect base substitution which leads to the synthesis of faulty protein.
Therefore, the sequence could code for the wrong amino acid during translation, if a guanine base is substituted for a thymine base in a DNA segment during DNA replication.
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a bacterial culture is provided methionine and cysteine that have been labeled with a radioactive isotope, 35s. the bacteria are then infected with a bacteriophage. what constituent of the bacteriophage progeny will contain the majority of the 35s label?
The majority of the 35s label will be found in the capsid (the bacteriophage protein coat) component of the bacteriophage progeny.
Bacteriophages: Are they dangerous to people?However, since bacteriophages are safe to humans, as well as to animals and plants, we shouldn't be concerned about them. Because they require bacteria to reproduce, bacteriophages are only harmful to bacteria. Bacteriophage reproduction is very dissimilar from that of mammals or plants.What functions do bacteriophage viruses have?A bacteriophage infects a host cell by attaching to a bacterial strain that is vulnerable to it. When a bacterium becomes infected, a bacteriophage seizes control of its host's cellular machinery and drives the cell to create viral components rather than bacterial ones.learn more about bacteriophage here
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microorganisms occur everywhere in nature and have several requirements to grow. what is one of these requirements? select all that apply
Microo rganisms occur everywhere in nature and have several requirements to grow will be food, moisture, darkness and suitable temperature.
Microorganisms can live in hott-er and colder temperatures than humans, but they do best in a warm, moist, protein-rich environment that is pH neutral or slightly acidic. Cellular microbes replicate a sex-ually and/or sex-ually
The smallest microorganisms, measuring between 0.0001 mm as well as 0.001 mm, were bacteria. Prot ozoa including phytoplankton have sizes ranging from 0.001 mm to 0.25 mm. The largest protozoa and phytoplankton can only be observed with the nak-ed eye. The majority are only visible under a microscope.
The question is incomplete, the complete question is:
Microorganisms occur everywhere in nature and have several requirements to grow , What is one of these requirements.
(a) food,
(b) moisture,
(c) darkness and suitable temperature.
(d) all of these
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Read the crime scene summary and answer the following questions. Two women were found stabbed to death in an apartment in New Jersey. The front door was found open. A porcelain vase, a lamp, and some glasses were found broken inside the apartment. A bloody handprint next to the burglar alarm’s panic button was found. The cupboard safe of the bedroom was open. Cash and valuable jewelry items were found missing. What types of crime may have taken place? What physical evidence do you expect to find in the crime scene?
The types of crime which may have taken place is referred to as robbery, burglary and murder and the physical evidence which one would expect to find in the crime scene is fingerprint and cell strands.
What is Crime?This is referred to as an action which is illegal and the offence is usually punishable by the law of the given area.
Burglary is referred to as the breaking into or gaining access to a building without permission while robbery on the other is similar which involves dispossessing people of their valuables without having to break into a building. Since people were killed then murder is also part pf the crime committed by the assailants.
Since items were stolen then there is a high chance that fingerprint due to the handprint next to the burglar alarm’s panic button and also there is a chance of getting cell fragments such as blood or hair strands which therefore makes them the most appropriate choice.
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Help or you can please match the answers with the questions help with 1,2 and 3
Answer:
1 positive
2protein
3neutron
4electron