What year did the roman republic end? question 3 options: 1990 ce 2 bce 509 bce 44 bce

The Avignon papacy refers to the period from 1309 to 1376. This period was marked by the successive popes taking residence at Avignon, France, rather than in Rome, primarily because of the turbulence in Rome caused by the conflict between his predecessor and king Philip of France. A total of seven popes reigned at Avignon, all French and under the influence of the French crown.

This greatly affected the state of the papacy. The papacy felt it necessary to prove themselves politically and economically. To this end, it was required for the papacy to pull off political schemes. This also led them to start selling off their service of repenting. A vast reorganization and centralization of administrative offices and reform measures for the clergy were affected. The Sacred College of Cardinals began to gain a stronger role in the government.

After the re-establishment of the papal capital in Rome in 1377, cardinals of the Sacred College selected a second pope, who assumed the vacant Avignon seat. This denoted the onset of the Great Schism. The Schism did not heal until 1417 and a succession of such antipopes was selected.

The church was divided into two popes. The second one was of French cardinal origin. Pope Clement VII and Pope Urban VI were reorganized by French and England respectively. The church was united by utilizing two approaches. One was through the mutual cession of both the popes and the other was through the securing of the resignation of the other pope. Later, however, it was reunited by an agreement.

The council in Besel fixed the agreement with the Emperor and the Hittites.

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Answer:

Yes

Explanation:

It is a main cause of racism in todays society and can be attributed to the civil war, civil rights movement, and moments in history that shaped the world the way it is.

Answer:

Yes

Explanation:

African Slave Trade does impact our lives today. This is because  The legacy of slavery still resonates for many Americans, according to a Pew Research Center survey conducted earlier this year, with 63% believing it affects the position of black people in American society today either a great deal or a fair amount.

The "Clovis first theory" guides the 1950s theory that the Clovis culture denotes the earliest human presence in the Americas, starting about 13,000 years ago.

The most controversial issue in American archaeology is the so-called Clovis orthodoxy or Clovis's first approach. The argument went that humans could not have reached America before the Clovis matters made their arrival because the way through was blocked by ice.

The first clear proof of human activity in North America is spearheading like this. They are called Clovis points. These spear tips were utilized to hunt large game.

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During the Roman Empire, Jesus of Nazareth began preaching a message of affection and forgiveness. His lifestyles and teachings led to the rise of Christianity.

This religion had a awesome have an effect on at the Roman Empire and on people at some point of the sector. Over time, the Christian church and faith grew more organized. In 313 ad, the Emperor Constantine issued the Edict of Milan, which everyday Christianity: 10   years later, it had turn out to be the professional faith of the Roman Empire.

The movement that originated round Jesus must have suffered a traumatic setback with his demise. not a lot that a Messiah could not die, however that nothing happened. For some time we don't know what happened to the fans of Jesus. They apparently scattered, however not too long thereafter it seems that they got here to the conviction that some thing had happened. Something that did change their perspective on who Jesus was and what he could suggest for the destiny of the motion, and this is what we realize as the resurrection. Now it is not clear what happened within the resurrection. The resurrection story brings a different perspective to the information of Jesus. He's now someone vindicated, and it is really the perception in the resurrection revel in that leads the disciples to return to think of Jesus as by some means extra than only a prophet.

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To facilitate communication and the flow of information among independence-minded colonists, colonial leaders formed the committees  of correspondence.

In the early years of the American Revolution, committees of correspondence, which had been around for a while, became a crucial communications system (1772-1776). There were individual correspondence committees in every town, county, and colony from Nova Scotia to Georgia.

Between 1765 and 1783, 13 of Britain's North American colonies rebelled against its imperial control, sparking then, American Revolution a titanic political and military conflict. The first protest was against British monarchy and Parliament's imposition of taxes without colonial representation.

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The Minoans and also the Mycenaeans were two of the first civilizations that developed in Greece. The Minoans lived on the Greek islands and built an enormous palace on the island of Crete, were the major features of the civilizations of the minoans and mycenaeans, and how did they create a foundation for classical greece? discuss the organization of the athenian political system. was it a democracy.

The Mycenaeans lived totally on mainland Greece and were the primary people to speak the Greek language. The Minoans built an outsized civilization on the island of Crete that flourished from around 2600 BC to 1400 BC.

They built a robust and long lasting civilization supported a robust navy and trade throughout the Mediterranean. The Minoans had their own communication which archeologists call "Linear A." At the middle of the civilisation was the town of Knossos. Knossos had a large palace and a population of over 10,000 people at its peak. Many beautiful pieces of art and pottery are found within the palace.

In line with Greek mythology, the town was once ruled by King Minos. Within the myth, King Minos built an outsized labyrinth under the palace where a monster called the Minotaur lived. they're sometimes called the primary Greeks because they were the primary to speak the Greek language.

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The correct answer is the last option: before the Edict of Milan Christianism was illegal, and after it, it became legal to practice.

Until the Edict of Milan, Christianism was considered dissident because Christians refused to worship Roman emperors as Gods. In some moments, they were cruelly persecuted.

In 313 AD, emperor Constantine converted to Christianism after a vision of the Cross and because of the influence of his mother, Helen. He passed the Edict of Milan under which he permitted the public practice of Christianism.

Christianism became the official religion of the empire in 380 AD when emperor Theodosius passed the Edict of Thessalonica.

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The Roman Empire's policy to Christianity was that  before it was illegal, and after the edict it became legal to practice before the 313 edict of Milan.

The term was used to refer to the proclamation that was made by Lucinids in the year 313. What the law had was that it made the proclamation that people had the freedom of worship. What this meant was that Christians now had the legal rights that they wanted to worship and the other could worship what they pleased.

Hence we can say that The Roman Empire's policy to Christianity was that  before it was illegal, and after the edict it became legal to practice before the 313 edict of Milan.

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After the American Civil War, the country was in turmoil. The country had undergone many changes by this time, but remained true to its original founding ideals. Some of these founding ideals are opportunity, liberty and rights, equality and democracy. The nation's commitment to its founding ideals was aided by Reconstruction.

The American Civil War was a civil war in the United States. It was contested between the United States and a coalition formed by separatist nations.

Who won the American Civil War?

After four bloody years of war, America defeats the Confederacy. Eventually, rebels were allowed back into the United States and slavery was abolished nationwide.

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Commercial dredging activities in ancient rivers occasionally find significant archaeological items. Bronze age spearheads discovered from ancient rivers in Ireland are one such relic. A recent investigation revealed the following details about the discovery of ancient bronze spearheads in Irish rivers.

(a) Make a Pareto chart for these data.

Blackwater, Shannon, Bann, Erne, Barrow

(b) Make a circle graph for these data

Shannon 34.7%

Blkwtr 11.9%

Barr 13.9%

Erne 14.9%

Bann 24.8%

What is Bronze Age?
The Bronze Age, which spanned from around 3300 BC to 1200 BC, is known for its use of bronze, certain areas' adoption of writing, and other earliest elements of urban civilisation. According to Christian Jürgensen Thomsen's three-age system, which he created in 1836 for categorizing and researching ancient cultures and history, the Bronze Age is the second important time. If a prehistoric civilisation created bronze by melting its own copper and alloying it with tin, arsenic, or other metals, or if it exchanged other goods for bronze from other production regions, that culture is said to have lived during the Bronze Age. Because bronze was tougher and more resilient than other metals at the period, it gave Bronze Age civilizations a technological edge.

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The Taino were an indigenous Arawak group who lived in the Caribbean and Florida.

How did the Taino react to the Europeans?

Beginning in 1493, the Spaniards had no trouble subduing the Taino. By 1520, they numbered only a few thousand people, and by 1550, they were all but extinct due to slavery, famine, and disease. The survivors intermarried with Spanish, Africans, and other people.

The Taino are they Europeans?

The Taino were an indigenous Arawak group who lived in the Caribbean and Florida. They were the main occupants of the majority of Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola (the Dominican Republic and Haiti), and Puerto Rico at the time of European encounter in the late 15th century.

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Full Question -

Why European and Taino Poetry is Important?

1.Climate Change. 2.Unavailability of an army to maintain order. 3.The thirst for conquest of the neighboring Akkadian empire. These are the three main reasons for the eventual fall of the city-states of Sumer.

The three main reasons for the decline and eventual fall of Sumer are the following:

1.Climate Change.

2.Unavailability of an army to maintain order.

3.The thirst for conquest of the neighboring Akkadian empire.

The major problems faced by Sargon the Mighty in relation to this is therefore: setting the standard for future kings and kingdoms.

1.Climate change was the primary driver of decline of Summer. As a result of poor crop production, Sumer became less capable of responding to famine.

2.Coupled with the aforementioned, there was no role model to follow in managing a large number of communities who were fighting with each other. As a result, there was only one source of order at the time( The temple for worship of the about 2000 gods or goddesses).

3.Collecting tribute for the gods was the priority of the priests of the temple than the constant warfare among the communities, and so never set up an army to maintain order. Although, each community had its own an individual army.

A heavy blow to Summer was the neighboring Akkadian empire, which had a army and a thirst for conquest.

Therefore, the above mentioned is the correct answer for the given question.

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Militarism

Towards the end of the nineteenth century, there was a period of intense military competition between the major European powers, as each nation sought to outdo their rivals. The budget spent on the strengthening of armies and navies increased at an alarming rate, and came at the expense of other aspects of society.

Although nearly all of the European countries were committed to stockpiling weapons and increasing the size of their standing armies, perhaps the most striking example of militarism at this time was the arms race that took place between Germany and Great Britain at the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century.

Germany looked enviously at the size of the Royal Navy, which was by far the largest and most powerful in the world. She was determined to catch Britain up and in the eighteen nineties passed a series of naval acts to raise the incredible amounts of money needed to build a fleet of battleships.

To begin with, Britain turned a blind eye towards Germany’s efforts of building up her navy, but by the turn of the century she had become concerned enough to commission the building of a new super battleship, HMS Dreadnought.

Germany retaliated by passing two further naval acts, raising the money to build dreadnoughts of her own, which resulted in a fierce naval arms race between the two European powers.

Alliances

By 1914, Europe had become a hotbed of alliances and political intrigue. Two nations in particular stood out: Germany, an economic Goliath, with the largest army in the world, and Great Britain, who still very much ruled the waves and had built up an empire that Germany was incredibly envious of.

Royal family ties did not seem to make the uneasiness in Europe any better; if anything they probably made the situation worse. Three cousins now held the power in Europe: King George V, Kaiser Wilhelm II and Tsar Nicholas II, and although the British King and Russian Tsar had quite a warm relationship, the same could not be said of their German cousin, Wilhelm.

Imperialism

By the second half of the nineteenth century, many of the major powers in Europe had expanded their empires around the world, through a policy of imperialism—gaining political and economic control of territories across the globe. Great Britain, in particular, had become rich and powerful thanks to her new colonies, much to the envy of the other European powers, and none more so than Germany.

Following his ascension to the throne in 1888, Kaiser Wilhelm II adopted a particularly aggressive policy towards imperialism, known as Weltpolitik. A relatively new nation-state, having only been unified in 1871, Germany was late to the imperial game and so was desperate to begin building up her own empire.

Nationalism

The second half of the nineteenth century saw a huge rise in nationalism throughout Europe, as more and more nation-states were created on the continent, in the decades following the Springtime of the Peoples, in 1848.

While the likes of Germany, Italy, Bulgaria and Serbia were recognised as new nation-states, citizens of other European countries looked on enviously, hoping that they too might one day gain independence. Nowhere was this cultural revolution of national identity more apparent than in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, where Czechs, Slovaks, Slovenes, Bosnians and Poles all sought self-rule to some extent or the other.

The invention of the automobile allowed the greatest personal freedom of travel.

A road vehicle that drives itself and normally has four wheels and can accommodate a few passengers is referred to as an automobile. Motorcycles do not qualify as "automobiles" because they only have two wheels and can only seat one person.

The development of the first automobiles changed how people traveled in society. Following the Industrial Revolution, technology advanced quickly, creating new forms of transportation. It made it possible to lessen reliance on public transportation, which inspired more individuals to explore careers and possibilities outside. Increased exposure and personal independence were made possible. It follows that the development of the automobile provided the greatest degree of personal freedom in transportation.

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Answer:

it is movies they wernt around at the time also it was the golden age of raidio please crown

Explanation:

Answer:A offspring by its mother

Explanation:Hope this help

The Constitution made no mention of how many justices should sit on the Supreme Court. The appropriate statement is that D. The number of justices is set by a vote from influential judges in the different constitutional courts

It should be noted that the Constitution simply means the rules that guide the affairs of a country.

A constitution is a collection of guiding ideas or accepted precedents that serve as the foundation for a polity, organization, or other sort of body's legal system and frequently specify how that institution is to be governed.

Here, the Constitution made no mention of how many justices should sit on the Supreme Court. The important judges are vital to achieving this.

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When UK applied mercantilism to its colonies in North America, it meant that colonial shipping and tobacco production ruled a people government.

In order to safeguard its interests within the New World, UK embraced mercantilism. Back in England, the raw materials were remodeled into finished things. The colonists then bought these merchandise once they were exported back to the colonies.

Colonies were crucial beneath mercantilism as a result of they created raw materials for the country, merchandise that it'd otherwise ought to import (things like grain, sugar, or tobacco).

In addition, the colonies provided the country with a marketplace for exports, that boosted domestic employment and industrial growth. A typical theory within the seventeenth and eighteenth century was mercantilism.

A people colonies served as a supply of revenue for the country beneath this technique. so as to manage their economies, a people placed limitations on however their colonies might pay their cash.

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Answer:

Lincoln's second inaugural address differed from his first in length, but also in tone. While the first inaugural address was delivered before the start of the Civil War, the second inaugural address was given 4 years into the war

Explanation:

answer:
the primary distinction is based on the intentions and regulations. a doctor saving a life from duty differs from the same physician saving in accordance with duty. in the first scenario, the focus is the doctor's responsibility to a given patient as a person and as a client. in the other instance, the manner in which the physician saves the patient is of consequence. Does his/her method align with the ethical and legal precepts of the medical practice? for instance, killing a mother to save the baby when there was a chance to save the mother and lose the baby without consent is contrary to the law.

To encourage the westward expansion president Thomas Jefferson negotiated a treaty with France.

In 1803 the westward movement started in earnest. Thomas Jefferson signed a pact with France in which the United States paid $15 million to France for the Louisiana Territory, an area of land measuring 828,000 square miles west of the Mississippi River.

This practically doubled the size of the young country. From the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains and from the Gulf of Mexico to the Canadian border, the lands acquired covered. Later, Jefferson admitted that in order to get Louisiana, he "stretched the Constitution till it snapped."

He dispatched William Clark and Meriwether Lewis with their Corps of Discovery to establish a way to the Pacific Ocean as soon as the treaty was signed. They returned in 1806 after finishing their task.

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Answer:

Meiji Restoration

Explanation:

The handling of the Jewish question varied in the East and the West because they are different cultures that have different points of view about this religion.

The Jewish question is a term used to refer to society's interaction with members of the Jewish community. This term refers to the development of relations between other religions and Jews.

In this case, Jews have been widely discriminated against for centuries in Europe and the West where most people belong to the Catholic religion. This discrimination has been largely due to the differences between the Jewish religion and Christianity on the same facts that relate to Jesus and other divinities.

On the other hand, in the East, Judaism is another religion of a group of religions, so it has not been discriminated against because in this region of the world, people tend to be less radical with religious questions.

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The early Christian communities in Jerusalem, led by Jesus' brother James the Just, and the Ebionites were both entirely Jewish. The correct option is D.

The New Testament claims that Jesus was born in Judea, which is today's the Middle East. Jews in the area were loyal to both their native land and their shared theism. They distinguished themselves from their neighbors in the ancient world because of this conviction and their religious practices.

A city's entire Christian population would also be referred to as a church; the Greek noun ekklesia, which is translated as "church" in most English translations of the New Testament, actually means "assembly," "gathering," or "congregation." Early Christians met in small private homes, known as "house churches," but they would also call a city's entire Christian community by that name.

Thus, the ideal selection is option D. Jews and Christians worshipped together in private homes.

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Achievement by the Ming dynasty is the giraffe, brought back from Africa, represents the emperor's trade with the outside world.

The Ming Dynasty, formally known as Daming, was an imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 1368 to 1644 after the fall of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming Dynasty was the last legitimate Chinese dynasty ruled by the Han Chinese, the majority ethnic group in China.

The Ming Dynasty ruled China from his 1368 to 1644, during which time the population of China doubled his. The Ming Dynasty is known for its commercial expansion to the outside world, establishing cultural ties with the West, and is also known for its drama, literature, and world-famous China.

Ming Dynasty (23 January 1368 – 25 April 1644), officially the Great Ming, was a Chinese dynasty founded by the peasant rebel leader Zhu Yuanzhang, known as Emperor Hongwu.

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Government and church authorities resisted censorship, which limited access to ideas and information, in order to defend against Enlightenment attacks.

Who attacked the Enlightenment?

Nietzsche's (1844–1900) thought is a sweeping attack on the Enlightenment, one of Nietzsche's most recent and important revivals, and the work of Michel Foucault, It is also his critique of the Enlightenment in the work of Gilles Deleuze, Jacques Derrida. , Sarah Coffman et al.

What triggered the Enlightenment?

The many causes of the Enlightenment include the Renaissance, the Scientific Revolution, and the Protestant Reformation. The Renaissance influenced the setting of the Enlightenment. It emphasized humanism, which focused on how people lived in the real world rather than the religious world.

What did the Enlightenment react to?

The more radical achievements of applying reason to religion were skepticism, atheism, and materialism. The Enlightenment ended when people started reacting to their extremes.

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Answer:

Environmental pollution is defined as “the contamination of the physical and biological components of the earth/atmosphere system to such an extent that normal environmental processes are adversely affected.

The contamination of the physical and biological components of the earth/atmosphere system to such an extent that normal environmental processes are adversely affected.

Identify the piece of historical evidence which would be most helpful in sequencing the events of an ancient war between Greece and Persia?

What is evidence?

Evidence is proof of an occurrence or fact or logic, and so forth. An argument, truth, logic, or reason becomes authentic and credible with the help of the proof. Evidence is needed to authenticate subjects like science and math, history, geography, and other related ones.

A set of letters written by a Persian general are most helpful evidence for sequencing the events of Greece Persian War.

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Answer: ( multiple views of Big Bang)

Explanation:

Many religions view the beginning of life and the universe in different ways. The most popular ones is the Big Bang theory which was thought off by the scientific community. The other most popular belief in Christianity is that a single God created the universe and everything in it by speaking it into existence. I personally believe this more then the Big Bang. Scientists believe the entire universe used to be clumped into a small speck which erupted and grew millions of light years in seconds.