Twin studies involve identical or fraternal twins. They aim to demonstrate environmental and genetic influences on traits, phenotypes, and disorders therefore, option b is the right choice.
Behavioral genetics, biology, and psychology use twin research. Behavior genetics uses siblings, adoption, pedigree, and twin studies to study genetics. These studies have tracked everything from personality to schizophrenia symptoms.
"Identical" or monozygotic twins share essentially 100% of their genes, so most differences between them (such as height, susceptibility to boredom, intelligence, depression, etc.) are due to experiences one twin has but not the other.
Like siblings, "fraternal" or dizygotic twins share 50% of their genes. Twins share their uterine environment, parenting style, education, wealth, culture, and community because they are born into the same family. Discordance—the presence of a genetic or phenotypic trait in only one twin—provides a powerful window into environmental effects on such traits.
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state and describe two functions of a microscope
Answer:
what is microscope is a laboratory instrument used to examine objects that are too small to be seen by the naked eye.
FUNCTIONS : The microscope is one of the most important tools used in chemistry and biology. This instrument allows a scientist or doctor to magnify an object to look at it in detail. Many types of microscopes exist, allowing different levels of magnification and producing different types of images
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Explanation:
A microscope is an instrument that makes use of lenses to make smaller objects appear larger. It is also known as a compound microscope. The different parts of a microscope are shown in figure. ... Adjust the focus of the eyepiece and the objective lens with help from your teacherHow do clams protect themselves from predators?
Mendel's monohybrid cross of tall parents with the genotype Tt resulted in a tall to short ratio of
a)1:1.
b)1:2.
c)2:1.
d)3:1.
e)1:3.
The tall-to-short ratio produced by Mendel's monohybrid cross of tall parents with the gene Tt was 3: 1. Therefore, option d is correct.
A cross between two kinds of the same species of plant that only considers the transfer of one trait is referred to as a monohybrid cross. A cross between a tall pea plant and a dwarf pea plant is an example of a monohybrid cross because here only one character called height is considered.
Given the genotype of the tall plant is Tt. It is a heterozygous type for the tall plant. Then the cross between Tt and Tt is given in the Punnett square.
From Punnett square, we can tell there is a probability of about 3 tall plants and 1 dwarf plant from the given cross. Therefore, the required ratio is written as 3:1.
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ook at the branching tree diagram below.
A slanting, horizontal line is shown. On the extreme left, there is a label that says Common Ancestor. Along the slanting, horizontal line there are five dots labeled from left to right with the following traits Four limbs, Amniotic egg, Fur, Shearing teeth, and Retractable claws. There is one vertical line between each of the consecutive five dots. The lines are labeled from left to right as Amphibians, Reptiles, Marsupials, Dogs, Cats.
Which group of organisms evolved after dogs?
Only cats
Only marsupials
Both cats and marsupials
Both amphibians and reptiles
The amphibians are reptiles, marsupials, dogs, and cats.
What are the characteristics of amphibians?Amphibians are four-limbed and ectothermic vertebrates of the class Amphibia. All living amphibians belong to the group Lissamphibia.
They inhabit a wide variety of habitats, with most species living within terrestrial, fossorial, arboreal or freshwater aquatic ecosystems. Amphibians are four-limbed and ectothermic vertebrates of the class Amphibia.
All living amphibians belong to the group Lissamphibia. They inhabit a wide variety of habitats, with most species living within terrestrial, fossorial, arboreal or freshwater aquatic ecosystems.
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A field of many different wildflowers would ve considered a(n)
1. Community
2. Population
3. Ecosystem
4. Niche
A field of many different wildflowers considered as a community.
In the field of biology, the term "community" refers to a group of different species that live in close proximity to one another and interact with one another. Since a field of varied wildflowers is home to more than one species that coexist in the same region, we may refer to it as a community.
A population is defined as all of the creatures of the same species that are found in the same location at the same time; whereas an ecosystem is defined as all of the living and non-living components that make up an area; on the other side, the function that an organism fulfills within its community is referred to as its "niche."
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Haemotoxylin and eosin is a common staining technique used in microscopy. Which of the following are reasons why cells need to be stained prior to microscopy? [3 marks]
- Kill cells
- No cellular components are visible without staining
- Highlight metabolic processes
- Make all organelles homogeneous
- Highlight different cellular structures
- Differentiate between living and dead cells
The reasons why cells need to be stained prior to microscopy are:
No cellular components are visible without staining Highlight different cellular structures Differentiate between living and dead cellsStaining is a technique used in microscopy to make cells and other biological tissues visible under a microscope. Without staining, many cellular components are not visible because they are too small or transparent to be seen without some form of contrast. By applying a stain, such as haemotoxylin and eosin, to the tissue, it is possible to highlight specific structures or components within the cells, making them more visible under the microscope.
Staining can also be used to differentiate between different types of cells or tissues, or to highlight specific structures or processes within the cells. For example, different stains may be used to highlight different organelles or to visualize metabolic processes.
kill cells, is not a reason why cells need to be stained prior to microscopy.
highlight metabolic processes, is not an accurate description of staining.
make all organelles homogeneous, is not a reason why cells need to be stained prior to microscopy.
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11. Which part of a flower contains the ovary?
1) anther
2) filament
3) pistil
4) stamen
Answer: 3) the pistil
Explanation:
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Animals are divided into two groups; vertebrates and invertebrates. Animal classification is a matter of sorting out similarities and differences. This sorting process enables scientists to describe characteristics through the various levels of animal groups and subgroups. Among the most basic criteria by which animals are sorted is whether or not they possess a backbone. This single trait places an animal into one of two groups: the vertebrates (with backbone) or the invertebrates (without backbone). This represents a fundamental division among all animals.
What internal structure identifies an organism as an invertebrate?
Answer:
Maybe exoskeleton?
How does aneuploidy lead to cancer initiation?
Answer:
Chromosomal aberrations during cell division represent one of the first recognized features of human cancer cells, and modern detection methods have revealed the pervasiveness of aneuploidy in cancer. The ongoing karyotypic changes brought about by chromosomal instability (CIN) contribute to tumor heterogeneity, drug resistance, and treatment failure. Whole-chromosome and segmental aneuploidies resulting from CIN have been proposed to allow “macroevolutionary” leaps that may contribute to profound phenotypic change. In this review, we will outline evidence indicating that aneuploidy and CIN contribute to cancer evolution.
Evaporation drives the water cycle.
O True
O False
Answer:
true
Explanation:
Without the ocean there wouldn't be any water because that is where all rivers and streams come from. All precipitation comes from water that has evaporated from some water that has come from the ocean.
which process involves the movement of water through a cell membrane?
Answer:
osmosis
Explanation:
water moves across cell membrane by diffusion In a process known as osmosis .
Which of the following statements is FALSE? gametophytes produce eggs and sperm sporophytes produce spores angiosperms are flowering plants in non-vascular plants, the gametophyte is the dominant form of the plant in vascular plants, the gametophyte is the dominant form of the plant
The statement "in vascular plants, the gametophyte is the dominant form of the plant" is false, because the gametophyte is the dominant form of the plant in non-vascular plants.
Thus, the correct answer is E.
Gаmetophyte, in plаnts аnd certаin аlgаe, the sexuаl phаse (or аn individuаl representing the phаse) in the аlternаtion of generаtions, а phenomenon in which two distinct phаses occur in the life history of the orgаnism, eаch phаse producing the other. The nonsexuаl phаse is the sporophyte.
Over the course of evolution, the gаmetophyte stаge hаs become progressively reduced. Thus, the gаmetophyte stаge is dominаnt in the more primitive (nonvаsculаr) plаnts (bryophytes), whereаs the sporophyte is the dominаnt phаse in the life cycle of higher (i.e., vаsculаr) plаnts. In аlgаe, the dominаnt phаse often depends on environmentаl conditions, though some species hаve determinаnt life cycles.
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What makes the information that you gathered truthful and accurate?
The information that I gathered is truthful and accurate because it was gathered from reliable sources, such as peer-reviewed journal articles, official government websites, and authoritative books.
Furthermore, I verified the accuracy of the information by cross-referencing it with other sources.
The Importance of Checking the Accuracy of InformationWith the prevalence of the internet, it is easier than ever to find information, but it is also easier than ever to find false or misleading information. As such, it is important to have the skills to be able to assess the accuracy of any information that you come across.
One of the key skills to have when assessing the accuracy of information is to be able to recognize reliable sources. For example, peer-reviewed journal articles are generally more reliable than websites, and official government websites are generally more reliable than personal blogs. It is important to be aware of the source of any information that you come across, and to give more weight to information from reliable sources.
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11. How would sheep be kept and fed in an extensive grazing system?
O A. Sheep would be kept on feedlots to reduce the amount of space they take up.
O B. Sheep would be allowed to graze on rangelands without rotational stocking.
O C. Sheep would be allowed to graze on a pasture during specific times of the year.
O D. Sheep would be rotated through paddocks to allow land to rest between grazings.
Answer:
Option B
Explanation:
In an extensive farming, animals are raised in the most natural way and hence the animals are allowed to roam around the farmlands without any barrier and they are free to express and control their behavior.
Sheep in extensive farming are allowed to graze freely across the farmland at any time of the day.
Hence, option B is correct.
Please help for 25 points and brainliest. NO LINKS. In order for meiosis to create four, genetically different gametes, DNA replication must occur. Which of these best describes when DNA replication would occur during meiosis?
a. Prior to metaphase of meiosis I
b. Prophase I in meiosis I
c. Prior to meiosis I and meiosis II
d. Prior to meiosis II
DNA replication occurs prior to meiosis I and meiosis II.
During meiosis, DNA replication occurs during interphase before the start of meiosis I. This replication process is necessary to ensure that each of the four daughter cells produced during meiosis has a complete set of genetic information.
After DNA replication, the cell undergoes meiosis I, which results in the separation of homologous chromosomes into two daughter cells. Then, meiosis II occurs, which separates sister chromatids into four genetically different gametes.
So, the correct answer is c. Prior to meiosis I and meiosis II.
What is DNA replication?DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes a copy of its DNA.
DNA replication is a vital process that occurs before cell division in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
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the heart of the crocodile is made of _________ Chambers
the heart of the crocodile is made of four chambers
Explanation:
The heart of a crocodile is different from other reptiles in that it has four chambers just like birds and mammals
Answer:
the heart of the crocodile is made of four Chambers.
How does a green leaf appear in red light use what you know about reflection and absorption of light?
Green light reflection off of it and reaches our sight, we refer to it as a "green" leaf. Other light wavelengths are absorbed by that of the leaf and cease there.
A green leaf appears red in red light because it reflection red wavelengths of light and absorbs all other wavelengths. This is due to the presence of pigments in the leaf, such as chlorophyll, which selectively absorb certain wavelengths absorption of light for photosynthesis. The chlorophyll absorbs most of the other color light spectrum except for red light, which is reflection, making the leaf appear red. There won't be any light coming from the leaf if there isn't any absorption green light to reflect off of it. When we gaze at anything that is completely dark, we refer to it as "black." Only because of its surrounds and backdrop do we know reflection it is there.
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Evidence that cytoskeletal elements have ancient origins comes from the: sequence similarities of cytoskeletal elements when comparing distantly related organisms. presence of cytoskeletal elements in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. ability to form functional hybrid microfilaments from actin monomers taken from distantly related organisms. observation that both prokaryotes and eukaryotes use cytoskeletal elements to assist cell division. All of these choices are correct.
Answer:
All of these choices are correct.
Explanation:
A cell can be defined as the fundamental or basic functional, structural and smallest unit of life for all living organisms. Some living organisms are unicellular while others are multicellular in nature.
A unicellular organism refers to a living organism that possess a single-cell while a multicellular organism has many (multiple) cells.
Generally, cells have the ability to independently replicate themselves. In a cell, the "workers" that perform various functions or tasks for the survival of the living organism are referred to as organelles. Some examples of cell organelles in all living organisms such as trees, birds, and bacteria include; nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, golgi apparatus, mitochondria, lysosomes, ribosomes, chromosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, vesicles, cytoskeleton, etc.
Cytoskeleton refers to a structure consisting of filaments and tubules which help to maintain internal organization and support the shape of the cells. It comprises of three (3) main filaments and these includes: actin filaments, intermediate filaments and microtubules.
Generally, there are numerous evidence that cytoskeletal elements have ancient origins and they include all of the aforementioned facts.
23. During replication, the two DNA strands_________
and each chain serves as
a________
for a new nucleotide chain. The sites where DNA replication
and separation occur are called
The
_________.
Answer:
seperate
template
origin
During replication, the two DNA strands separates and each chain serves as a template for a new nucleotide chain. The sites where DNA replication and separation occur are called the origin.
What is DNA replication?DNA replication defines the biological process of making two identical copies of DNA from a single original DNA molecule. It occurs in all living organisms which acts as the most essential part for biological heritage.
During DNA replication, each of the two strands forming the double helix serves as a template from which the new strand is copied, while these new strands will be complementary to the parental or "old" strand. Each new double strand consists of a parent strand and a new daughter strand.
Steps involved in the DNA replication are:
1. Initiation
2. Elongation
3. Termination
Thus, during replication, the two DNA strands separates and each chain serves as a template for a new nucleotide chain. The sites where DNA replication and separation occur are called the origin.
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1. Which of the following does not affect population?
O taxes
O immigration
O birthrate
Odeath rate
Taxes.
Immigration is the process of leaving one place. So it can't be.
Birth Rate is essentially more births happening. That effects population. Same as deatb rate.
An egg with 22 chromosomes that is fertilized by a normal sperm will result in nondisjunction during subsequent mitosis. O a zygote with disomy. a zygote with monosomy. a zygote with normal chromosome number. a zygote with trisomy.
An egg with 22 chromosomes if fertilized by normal sperm will result in a zygote with monosomy. So the correct option is C
Here the X and Y chromosome has equal chances of getting combined with the one X chromosome of an egg.
Monosomy is a condition in which there is an absence of a specific chromosome in a gamete that combines with a normal gamete to form the zygote. Monosomy is an example of the aneuploidy which results in the imbalance of the chromosome number in a zygote.
When a haploid gamete does not receive a chromosome during meiosis as a result of nondisjunction, it combines with another gamete to form a monosomic zygote. This mainly happens in girls and imparts various physical changes.
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How is nominal scale type related to diversity? No links no trolls plzzzzzzzzzzz
Answer:
A nominal scale describes a variable with categories that do not have a natural order or ranking. You can code nominal variables with numbers if you want, but the order is arbitrary and any calculations, such as computing a mean, median, or standard deviation, would be meaningless.
A nominal scale is a scale (of measurement) that uses labels to classify cases (measurements) into classes. Some examples of variables that use nominal scales would be religious affiliation, sex, the city where you live, etc. Example. One example of a nominal scale could be "sex".
For example, Race is a nominal variable having a number of categories, but there is no specific way to order from highest to lowest and vice versa.
Explanation:
humans the allele for normal blood clotting, B is dominant to the allele for hemophilia, b. This is a sex-linked trait und on the X chromosome. The last Tsar of Russia (Nicholas II did not have hemophilia. His wife (Alexandra) also did not have hemophilia. They had a hemophiline son, and four normal daughters. What is/are the probable genotype(s) for each member of the family? Tsar Nicholas Empress Alexandra Daughter Olga Nikolaevna Daughter Tatiana Nikolaevna Daughter Maria Nikolaevna Daughter Anastasia Nikolaevna Son Alexei Nikolaevich
Tsar Nicholas: XBXB (since he does not have hemophilia, he must be homozygous dominant for the normal blood clotting allele)
Empress Alexandra: XBXb (since she does not have hemophilia, she must be a carrier of the hemophilia allele)
Daughter Olga Nikolaevna: XBXB or XBXb (she could have inherited the normal allele from her father or the carrier allele from her mother)
Daughter Tatiana Nikolaevna: XBXB or XBXb (same as Olga)
Daughter Maria Nikolaevna: XBXB or XBXb (same as Olga)
Daughter Anastasia Nikolaevna: XBXB or XBXb (same as Olga)
Son Alexei Nikolaevich: XbXb (since he has hemophilia, he must have inherited the hemophilia allele from his mother and a second copy from his father, who is the carrier).
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Both the volume and the surface area for three different cells were measured. These values are listed in the following table. Using data from the table above, select the best explanation for why that cell will be able to eliminate waste most efficiently? Cell 2, since it has the highest ratio of surface area to volume, which facilitates the exchange of materials between a cell and its environment Cell 1, since it has the smallest volume and wilt not produce as much waste as the other cells. Cell 3, since it has the largest surface area, which will enable it to eliminate all of its wastes efficiently. Cell 3, because it is big enough to allow wastes to easily diffuse through the plasma membrane.
The cell 3 will have the ability to remove the waste highly efficiently and easily.
The best explanation for why a cell will be able to eliminate waste most efficiently is Cell 3, as it has the largest surface area, which will enable it to eliminate all of its wastes efficiently. Larger cells have a smaller surface-area-to-volume ratio than smaller cells, meaning that they have to rely on their larger surface area to facilitate the exchange of materials between a cell and its environment. As such, having a larger surface area will enable a cell to eliminate all of its wastes efficiently.
Cell 1 and cell 2 owing to there small surface area will not be that efficient at removing waste. So, for exchange of waste more surface is required in addition to having a good concentration difference between inside and outside of the cell.
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A meteor crashed into earth carrying a strange alien gass. The gas wasn't poisonous, but it did remove all the cholorplasts from EVERY plant cell on earth.
(How would earth be different?)
(How would this change life for humans?)
Island Distance From Mainland (kilometers) Area (hectares)
A 50 1 x 102
B 50 1 x 106
C 500 1 x 102
D 1000 1 x 102
E 1000 1 x 106
Five islands, A, B, C, D, and E, differ only in distance from the mainland, area, and species diversity. Which island would be predicted to have the highest species diversity ?O AO BO CO DO E
Island B is the most likely to have the highest species diversity out of the five islands. The larger area and closer proximity to the mainland provide more opportunities for species to survive and thrive on island B.
This increases the potential for a greater diversity of species, making island B the best candidate for the island with the highest species diversity.The island with the highest species diversity will likely be island B due to its larger area and relatively close distance from the mainland.
Island B is located 50 kilometers from the mainland, while islands A, C, D, and E are located at 50, 500, 1000, and 1000 kilometers away, respectively. Furthermore, island B is 1 x 106 hectares in size, much larger than Islands A, C, and D, which are 1 x 102 hectares in size.
The larger area of island B provides more habitat for species to survive and thrive, while the closer distance from the mainland increases the chances of species dispersing to the island. As species are able to move more freely and find suitable habitat in island B, island B is likely to have a higher species diversity in comparison to Islands A, C, D, and E.
Habitat fragmentation can also impact species diversity, and the distance from the mainland may further influence species diversity by reducing the exchange of individuals between mainland and the island. Thus, island B has the highest potential for species diversity due to its larger area and closer distance from the mainland.
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PLease help I dont want any links
Answer:
recorded on a water bottle
Which type of population growth is shown in this graph?
A graph has time on the horizontal axis and population size on the vertical axis. The population size was constant for a period of time, increased rapidly, and then became constant again.
exponential
logistic
linear
limited
Answer:
logistic ..........mighi
The mode of nutrition in pea plants and rhizobium bacteria a) saprotrophic b) autotrophic c) symbiotic b) none of these
Answer:
c) symbiotic
Explanation:
-There is a symbiotic relationship between the legumes which contains root nodules and Rhizobium bacteria.
-Rhizobia live in the soil.
-When there is limited soil nitrogen, legumes in symbiotic relationship release flavanoids which sends signal to rhizobia that the plant needs symbiotic bacteria.
-Rhizobia produces ammonia from the atmospheric nitrogen and assists the plant's growth.
pls help me with this and explain your answer