Energy be needed to assist in molecules moving across a cell membrane because transport occurs against the concentration gradient .
The transport in the cell occurs through the cell membrane by different mechanisms like active transport and passive transport in order to enter nutrients and eliminate waste .
There are lots of molecules which can pass through the cell membrane without any difficulty but there are some other molecules also requires energy to enter into the cell membrane due to their structure , chemical composition , hydrophilic or hydrophobic properties .
Active transport :in this type of transport force is developed . it requires energy to carried out the transportation because it is a type of movement which involves the transport of molecules against concentration gradient i.e. from lower concentration to the higher concentration . it carried out through pumps.
Cell membrane :It is also known as plasma membrane . it is defined as a living , ultrathin , dynamic , elastic semipermeable membrane that encloses the protoplasm of a cell .
It is the outer most boundary of all living cells . but prokaryotes and plant cells generally have an additional cell wall outside the plasma membrane.
Plasma membrane of neuron is called neurolemma while that of haemolysed RBC is called red cell ghost . the plasma membrane of muscle cell along with based lamina is called sarcolemma .
Along with plasma membrane , the eukaryotes also contains intracellular membrane surrounding the vacuole and organelles . the plasma membrane and the intracellular membranes together called as biological membranes of bio-membranes.
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insulin signaling results in an increased transport of into cells, which allows the cell to subsequently increase synthesis and store energy in the form of in the liver and in the adipose.
The insulin signaling results in an increased transport of Glucose into cells, which allows the cell to subsequently increase synthesis and store energy in the form of Glycogen in the liver and in the adipose.
Glucose- Because glucose is a monosaccharide with six carbon atoms and an aldehyde group, it is an aldohexose. Glucose is the main sugar found in your blood. It comes from the food we eat and is used by the body as its main source of energy.
Glycogen- Glycogen is the name given to this type of glucose that is stored and is composed of several linked glucose molecules.
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I need help with my question
Answer: Aight bet
Explanation:
If you give me some context abou this question i can possibly help you
Building a movie theater
What are 4 benefits and costs of building a theater?
Answer:
list six 6 types of network to pology and ex plain them.
How can biology be studied at different scales, or levels?
Answer:
Typical levels of organization that one finds in the literature include the atomic, molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, organismal, group, population, community, ecosystem, landscape, and biosphere levels.
Explanation:
Typical levels of organization that one finds in the literature include the atomic, molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, organismal, group, population, community, ecosystem, landscape, and biosphere levels.
What is the purpose of the media?
OA. To convey information
OB. To manipulate the audience
OC. To control people's lives
D. To entertain large groups of people
Answer:
To entertain large groups of peopleExplanation:
The purpose of the media to entertain large groups of people
Please help me. I will give you the brainlyest. I really need it. Thanks..
Although London, England is much further north than Toronto, Canada, London enjoys a much more mild and temperate climate. Which most likely accounts for this?
A. London sits on the Thames river but Toronto is on the shores of Lake Ontario
B. Heat carried by ocean currents warms and tempers London's climate
C. London is south of the more hilly regions nearby and Toronto is north of the Appalachian mountains
D. Toronto is near the descending air of a Hadley's cell
The correct answer is option B. The climate of London is warmed and tempered by heat brought by ocean currents.
What is climate?
A region's average long-term weather pattern over a period of time, often 30 years, is referred to as its climate. In more detail, it is the average and variance of climatic factors across a time span that might be anywhere between a few months and many millions of years.
The climate of a location refers to its long-term pattern of weather. The weather could alter hour by hour, day by day, month by month, or even year by year. The weather patterns of a location, which are normally tracked for at least 30 years, establish its climate.
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In cell signaling, the ligand/first messenger or ligand determines the intracellular response. True or false?.
In cell signaling, the ligand/first messenger or ligand determines the intracellular response this statement is False.
The process through which a cell reacts to things outside of it via signaling molecules that are both inside and on its surface is called cell signaling.
A cell can signal another cell or itself by releasing a chemical messenger called a ligand. The binding has biological effects that can take many different forms, such as affecting gene transcription or translation or modifying cell shape.
Extracellular signaling molecules like hormones or neurotransmitters, which bind to cell-surface receptors and activate intracellular signaling pathways, are the first messengers. These molecules rely on second messengers to spread and amplify the signal within the cell because they are unable to physically cross the cell membrane.
While most pathways share the same basic steps of cell signaling (reception, transduction, response, resetting), there are different pathways.
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the zonation of flora and fauna along an altitudinal transect similar to that found along latitudinal transects is an expression of the
The zonation of flora and fauna along an altitudinal transect similar to that found along latitudinal transects is an expression of the the life zone concept.
What is life zone concept?C. Hart Merriam created the term "life zone" in 1889 to refer to regions with comparable plant and animal groups. Depending on height, location, and latitude, the climate and ecology of many places on the planet naturally divide into life zones. Altitudinal zonation is the term for the generally substantial dependence on elevation: the average temperature of an area falls as the height increases. The US has thirty-eight life zones, including one boreal, twelve cool temperate, twenty warm temperate, four subtropical, and one tropical (34% of the world's life zones and 85% of the temperate ones).Learn more about the life zone with the help of the given link:
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true or false. for this experiment, aeromonas were introduced before vibrio into the larval zebrafish gut.
This is true since Aeromonas population appeared constant over the first three days whereas Vibrio population had not yet established itself.
When Vibrio is absent, Aeromonas can persist in the stomach of zebrafish larvae.
What illness can Aeromonas contribute to?A Gram-negative, rod-shaped, motile bacteria belonging to the Vibrionaceae family is called Aeromonas hydrophila. In humans, it frequently affects immunocompromised hosts and is responsible for a wide range of diseases, including septicemia, meningitis, and endocarditis. Aeromonas spp. have also been epidemiologically linked to traveler's diarrhea.What kinds of Aeromonas are examples?Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria, Aeromonas schubertii, and Aeromonas caviae are only a few of the species that have been linked to necrotizing fasciitis cases. Severe infections are also linked to Aeromonas dhakensis.What illness can Aeromonas contribute to?
A Gram-negative, rod-shaped, motile bacteria belonging to the Vibrionaceae family is called Aeromonas hydrophila. It results in a variety of infections.
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do daily fluctuations in inhibitory control predict alcohol consumption? an ecological momentary assessment study
Findings show that short-term changes in inhibitory control are predictive of alcohol consumption, which raises the possibility that temporary changes in inhibition may be a risk factor for periods of severe drinking.
What is inhibitory control?An essential part of impulsivity and executive functioning, inhibitive control refers to the capacity to halt, alter, or postpone incorrect behavior. It is also a crucial part of the larger concept of self-control. Utilizing computerized challenges like the stop signal task, inhibitory control can be operationalized in the lab. In order to complete this task, participants must react quickly to arbitrary on-screen "go" cues. The participants are instructed to suppress their reaction on a small percentage of trials where a visual or aural "stop" signal is provided shortly after the go stimulus. Participants' actions during stop trials can be described as a "race" between their motor reaction and their ability to regulate that response.Learn more about the inhibtory control with the help of the given link:
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Which of the following represents arrow C? ( Look at photo )
A. Carbon Dioxide
B. Glucose
C. Oxygen
D. Blood Vessel (capillary)
Answer: The right answer is B
Explanation:
snping away at complex diseases: analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphisms around apoeinalzheimer disease.
The APOE-4 polymorphism and two additional SNPs that are located around 16 kb from APOE were shown to have extremely high evidence for a connection with AD, according to the main study.
The idea of exploiting single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to look for complicated disease genes has generated a lot of attention, and there are multiple projects underway to find and map SNPs throughout the human genome.
Researchers have started a coordinated effort mapping SNPs around APOE, a well-established susceptibility gene for delayed Alzheimer's disease. As predicted, the APOE-4 polymorphism and two additional SNPs that are located around 16 kb from APOE showed extremely significant evidence of connection with AD.
In order to have a decent probability of incorporating SNPs with safe levels of allelic connection with the disease mutation, a large number of markers has been determined to be essential. Additional details on significance evaluations and the precise location of complicated disease genes can be obtained using data study based on haplotypes.
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collagen is a protein made of three identical polypeptides composed primarily of α helix structure. the α helix is an example of a question 3 options: secondary structure stabilized by covalent bonds. tertiary structure stabilized by covalent bonds. tertiary structure stabilized by hydrogen bonds. secondary structure stabilized by hydrogen bonds. secondary structure stabilized by ionic bonds.
Collagen is a protein made of three identical polypeptides composed primarily of α helix structure. The α helix is an example of a (3) secondary structure stabilized by hydrogen bonds.
Collagen is a protein found in the human body in bones, tissues, skin, etc. It is very essential for the body as it increases the muscle mass, prevents the bone loss, relieves joint pain, and improves skin health. The most important properties of collagen are its rigidity and resistance to stretching.
Hydrogen bonds are the non-covalent bonds that are a most important part of various chemical structures. These are one of the strongest bonds. The hydrogen atom (electropositive) of one molecule is attached to the electronegative atom of the other molecule that could be fluorine, oxygen or nitrogen.
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innate immune suppression by sars-cov-2 mrna vaccinations: the role of g-quadruplexes, exosomes, and micrornas
The SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines were released on the market in response to the Covid-19 public health emergencies.
How innate immunity was suppressed by SARS-CoV2 vaccine?The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is synthesized continuously by mRNA vaccines.The DNA repair pathways are hampered by the spike protein, which is neurotoxic.Impairment of innate immunity arises from suppressing type I interferon responses.The mRNA vaccinations may raise the chance of developing cancer and infectious illnesses.Codon optimization leads to the production of G-rich mRNA, which has unanticipated, complex effects.Learn more about the vaccination with the help of the given link:
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Give the translation for the mRNA and then use the codon table to get the amino acids. You only need to write the first three letters of the amino acids in the answer.
DNA - TAC - AGG - GTC - GCA - CAT - GGG
mRNA -
AA's -
Composed of membrane-bound canals for tubular transport throughout the cytoplasm.
The answer is Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER). ER is a cell organelle that features membrane bound canals and brings about the function of tubular transport in cytoplasm.
The cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells contains a sizable membrane-bound compartment known as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The nuclear envelope (NE), peripheral ER cisterns, and a linked tubular network are its three main morphologies.The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) and the rough endoplasmic reticulum are two functionally different types of the endoplasmic reticulum (RER). The presence of ribosomes, which synthesize proteins, connected to the RER's outer surface distinguishes the two morphologically.In general, the endoplasmic reticulum's job is to make proteins so that the remainder of the cell can operate. Ribosomes, which are little, spherical organelles with the purpose of producing such proteins, are found on the rough endoplasmic reticulum.Learn more about Endoplasmic Reticulum here:
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Incomplete question, refer below for complete question:
Which cell organelle is composed of membrane-bound canals?
is a mathematical modeling approach to predicting the outcome of natural selection on behaviors when multiple organisms are interacting.
Evolutionary game theory is a mathematical modeling approach to predicting the outcome of natural selection on behaviours when multiple organisms are interacting.
What is natural selection?According to modern concept of evolution natural selection is not a bloody battle as was emphasized by Darwin and Wallace.
It is a peaceful process that has little to do with, "struggle for existence" or "elimination of unfit" or "survival of the fittest".
Natural selection really means differential reproduction ( some members of the population produce lage no of offspring, some are few and still others none.
Those that produce large no of offspring contribute greater percentage of genes to the gene pool of the next generation than those that produce fewer offspring.
If differential reproduction continues for many generation ,then genes of the individual which produce more offspring will become predominant in the gene pool of the population.
This leads to change in the gene frequency of the population.
Individual which are best adopted to the environment having greater no of surviving ones.
Survival of the organism to the reproductive age and their selection for mating is the important factors which results in differential reproduction.
There are three types of natural selection stabilizing
selection, directional selection and disruptive selection.
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irf4 transcription factor- dependent cd11b dendritic cells in human and mouse control mucosal il-17 cytokine responses.
The correct answer it will aid in the transcription of mouse in vivo findings to advance DC-based clinical therapies.
Although mouse and human dendritic cells (DCs) are made up of functionally distinct subsets, precise interspecies correlation is currently lacking. In this study, we discovered that murine lung and gut lamina propria CD11b+ DC populations were divided into two subsets: FLT3- and IRF4-dependent CD24+CD64 DCs and contaminating CSF-1R-dependent CD24CD64+ macrophages. CD24+CD11b+ DC loss inhibited CD4+ T cell-mediated interleukin-17 (IL-17) production in the steady state and after Aspergillus fumigatus challenge. Human CD1c+ DCs, which are the equivalent of murine CD24+CD11b+ DCs, expressed IRF4, secreted IL-23, and induced T helper 17 cell responses. Our findings revealed heterogeneity in the mouse CD11b+ DC compartment and identified IRF4-expressing DCs in mucosal tissues that are specialised in instructing IL-17 responses in both mice and humans.
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In simple summary form, the calvin cycle requires an input of __________ for every product that is formed and the output product is __________, which is used for glucose synthesis.
In simple summary form, the Calvin cycle requires an input of 3CO2 for every product that is formed and the output product is a three-carbon molecule which is used for glucose synthesis.
The Calvin cycle refers to the three essential processes of photosynthesis that are light-independent. Although the Calvin Cycle is not explicitly dependent on light, it is dependent on light indirectly because the required energy carriers (ATP and NADPH) are results of light-dependent processes.
Light-independent reactions are begun during fixation, the initial stage of the Calvin cycle; CO2 is fixed from an inorganic to an organic molecule.
In the second step, ATP and NADPH are utilized to convert 3-PGA to G3P, which is subsequently transformed to ADP and NADP+. Three molecules of CO2 enter the cycle for every six molecules of G3P generated. As an output, one G3P exits the cycle. The remaining five are kept and rearranged to make RuBP. Furthermore, the three-carbon molecule glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) is removed from the cycle for glucose production.
RuBP is replenished near the end of the Calvin Cycle, allowing the system to prepare for further CO2 fixation.
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What determines each organism’s unique traits? in other words, what creates the variation that we see in organisms?.
A researcher working in the field of evolution has decided that they would like to develop a species of pig that can fly. Out of the following issues, what is the biggest one that will impede the progress of this project?
A) Most pig species require lots of resources to maintain , making it difficult to care for the animals.
B) Pig genomes have many active retroviral elements in the genome that introduce many mutations every generation
. C) There are no pig species that have individuals with any characteristics that we associate with flight .
D) Designing an environment that would select for pigs that could fly or select against pigs that could not fly .
Of the issues, the biggest factor that will impede the progress of this project is There are no swine species that have individuals with characteristics that we associate with flight.
C) There are no swine species that have individuals with characteristics that we associate with flight.What is genetic improvement of an example?Genetic improvement is the process of intentionally selecting or modifying the genetic material of a living being to obtain individuals with characteristics of interest.
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You need to start an experiment and the instructions are to mix 2 g of sodium bicarbonate with 50 ml of distilled water and then mix the solution. Describe what lab apparatus you would use and what safety precautions you must observe when completing this experiment.
You need a weighing balance to weigh out 2g of solid sodium bicarbonate and a measuring cylinder to measure out 50 mL of water. You need to ensure that you use a facemask during the experiment.
How do we carry out the experiment?We know that we require apparatus to carry out a scientific experiment. The apparatus are those things that would help us to carry out the experiment that we want to do.
In this case, the activity is to mix 2 g of sodium bicarbonate with 50 ml of distilled water and then mix the solution. You need a weighing balance to weigh out 2g of solid sodium bicarbonate and a measuring cylinder to measure out 50 mL of water.
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tff2 also decreases cytokine production, lymphocyte proliferation, and il-1r signaling, a pathway particularly important in chronic inflammatory diseases.88
tff2 also decreases cytokine production, lymphocyte proliferation, and il-1r signaling, a pathway particularly important in chronic inflammatory diseases, The statement is correct.
What is cytokine ?Cytokines are the chemical messenger with low molecular weight, soluble proteins and it is produced in response to an antigen, regulate both innate and adaptive immune systems.
They are produced by cells in innate and adaptive immunity specially produced by T- helper (Th) lymphocytes.
Cytokines are pleiotropic means it can act on a number of different types of cells, also Redundant means different cytokines carry out the same function, Multifunctional means single cytokine is able to regulate multiple function.
The functional categories of cytokines are they regulate innate immune responses, adaptive Immune responses, and stimulate hematopoiesis.
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if phosphorous concentrations were to suddenly increase in a marine ecosystem, which of the choices would likely occur? decreased primary productivity no change in the rate of primary productivity increased primary productivity
If phosphorous concentrations were to suddenly increase in a marine ecosystem it will lead to increased primary productivity.
Phosphorus has a very important role in the growth, maintenance and repair of the living organisms. It plays a key role in how the organisms uses carbohydrates and fats . In human and other animals it also have a role in the formation of bones and teeth.
It is usually considered as a limiting nutrients in marine ecosystem as they don't have access to adequate amount of phosphorus for the growth and repair.
If the concentration of the phosphorus is suddenly increased the primary productivity of the marine system is also going to increase.
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biology answers many questions, but its main focus is (5 points) a the animals of the earth and their environment b the history of life on earth c how people and animals interact and live d how living organisms interact and function
The right answer is D, how living organisms interact and function.
Because it focuses on the interactions of all living organisms, biology is crucial to study.
Describe biology.Biology is a branch of science that investigates how living things function.
Biology includes several different subfields, including botany, ecology, evolution, genetics, marine biology, medicine, microbiology, molecular biology, physiology, and zoology.
Basically, biology is the branch of natural science that concentrates on the study of life and living things. Without biology, comprehending the anatomy of humans, animals, and other species would be difficult.
Known as the "Father of Biology," Aristotle is "The Father of Zoology" is another name for him. He started classifying the kingdoms of animals and plants.
Aristotle's theory of biology, known as "Aristotle's Biology," explains metabolism, temperature control, and embryogenesis.
Biology is significant because it studies how all living things interact.
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Answer:
The right answer is D, how living organisms interact and function.
Explanation:
i got it right on the test
How does the size of the fetal face relate to the cranium? how does this compare to the adult skull?.
The fetal face is approximately one-third the size of the fetal skull. The mature cranium is around two-thirds the size of the adult skull.
The cranium, the skull's protective outer covering consists of three bones: the frontal bone, two parietal bones, and one occipital bone.
The frontal bone is a single bone on the forehead and rests on top of the eye orbits. It also makes up a significant portion of both sides of the maxilla. The two parietal bones make up the majority of both sides and the top of the skull, as well as a considerable portion of each side of the maxilla. The occipital bone is the most distant cranial bone and the occiput's primary bone. It, like all other cranial bones, is classified as a flat bone, which means that its major role is either protection or providing a large surface for muscle attachment.
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Why did the National Organization for Women advocate for abortion prior to
its legalization in 1973?
OA. Many prominent feminists were unable to participate fully in
politics because they had children.
B. Feminist leaders felt that reproductive choice was an essential
element of women's equality.
C. No safe or effective birth control method was available, so
feminists felt abortion was an unfortunate necessity.
D. At the time, childbirth still carried a high risk of mortality for the
mother, with a death rate of about 10 percent.
Answer:Since our founding in 1966, NOW's purpose is to take action through intersectional grassroots activism to promote feminist ideals, lead societal change, eliminate discrimination, and achieve and protect the equal rights of all women and girls in all aspects of social, political, and economic life.
Explanation:
explain how the evolutionary theories after darwin affected (or did not affect) the fundamental principles of biological evolution.
History is occasionally altered by thoughts. This category includes Charles Darwin's idea of evolution by natural selection, making Darwin one of the most significant philosophers of the modern era. He contributed to a change in how people perceived the natural world and how humans fit within it.
What is Darwin's theory of evolution ?The English naturalist Charles Darwin and others created the Darwinism theory of biological evolution, which claims that all species of organisms arise and develop through the natural selection of minute, inherited variations that improve the individual's capacity for competition, survival, and reproduction.
In his 1859 book "On the Origin of Species" (opens in new tab), Charles Darwin originally proposed the Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection.Learn more about Evolution here:
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carbon dioxide removed by forests and stored in the biomass of trees helps reduce the impacts of climate change. this an an example of a
Carbon dioxide removed by forests and stored in the biomass of trees helps reduce the impacts of climate change this is an example of a Carbon sequestration
What is Carbon sequestration ?The most often produced greenhouse gas is carbon dioxide. The technique of removing and storing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere is known as carbon sequestration. It is one strategy for lowering atmospheric carbon dioxide levels in an effort to slow down the rate of global climate change.
Sequestering carbon in its natural sinks, such as forests, grasslands, and soil, is the most effective approach to remove it. Therefore, a rapid increase in the ability of natural carbon sinks to absorb atmospheric carbon is necessary to achieve the 1.5°C target. Additionally, this is necessary to stop desertification.Learn more about Carbon sequestration here:
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Discuss the circulatory system of an insect
Explanation:
Insects have an open circulatory system which lacks veins and arteries. The hemolymph flows freely through the body lubricating tissues and transporting wastes and nutrients. The hemolymph present in insects helps the heart pump it throughout its circulatory system.