whose library formed the basis of the library of congress? abraham lincoln

More moderate gatherings that had helped choose Hitler as chancellor were worried about the SA's radicalism, so on June 30, 1934, a horrendous cleanse known as Night of Long Knives saw the execution of north of 1,000 high-positioning SA authorities, including a few of Hitler's most seasoned partners.

Adolf Hitler, the head of the Nazi party, orders his very own horrendous cleanse of ideological groups in Germany. He kills many Nazis he thinks could become political foes later on.

The evening of the Log Blades brought about the low killing of 400 individuals, including the past chancellor, a Nazi with comparative beliefs to Rohm, and 150 significant SA members.

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The impact of the threat of lynching created a pervasive atmosphere of terror and anxiety for Black Americans.

Black residents in the past were inundated with many obstacles due to threats of lynching. These threats seeped into various areas of their daily lives, dictating where they could live, work or socialize.

Segregated neighborhoods imposed on blacks prevented them from belonging to diverse communities while fears of white mob violence discouraged them from use public spaces including parks, libraries and restaurants. Moreover, employment opportunities deceivingly recruited black workers for low-paying, menial jobs offering no advancements financially or professionally as such staff suffered discrimination at workplaces.

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One major effect of increased trade in China during the postclassical period was the expansion of its economy and influence, leading to a prosperous golden age.

The postclassical period in China (approximately 589-1368 CE) saw increased trade due to various factors, such as the growth of the Silk Road, advancements in maritime technology, and a stable political climate under the Tang and Song dynasties.

As trade flourished, the Chinese economy expanded and experienced an influx of wealth. This economic growth allowed China to invest in urban development, education, arts, and sciences, leading to significant cultural advancements.

Furthermore, the increased trade facilitated the exchange of ideas, technology, and religion with other regions, which enhanced China's global influence.

This prosperous period, often referred to as a golden age, not only strengthened China's domestic economy but also solidified its position as a prominent player in international trade and cultural exchange.

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In the 1950s, the US involvement in the overthrow of Iranian Prime Minister Mohammad Mossadegh and the subsequent support for the authoritarian rule of Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi has caused a problem in US Iranian relations to this day.

In 1953, the United States and the United Kingdom orchestrated a coup to overthrow Mossadegh, who had nationalized Iran's oil industry, in order to restore control of the country's oil resources to western interests. The coup was successful, and Mossadegh was replaced by the pro-Western Shah, who ruled Iran as an authoritarian leader with the support of the US.

The US support for the Shah's regime led to resentment among the Iranian people, who saw him as a puppet of the West and viewed the US as interfering in their country's affairs. This resentment ultimately led to the Iranian Revolution in 1979, during which the US embassy in Tehran was seized and 52 American hostages were held for 444 days.

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Answer:

The American colonists' strong principles were a major reason they decided to declare their independence from Britain. The colonists believed in the principles of liberty, equality, and self-government. They believed that they had the right to govern themselves, and they were willing to fight for those rights.

The colonists were also angered by the British government's attempts to tax them without their consent. They believed that taxation without representation was a violation of their rights as Englishmen. The colonists also objected to the British government's attempts to quarter British troops in their homes. They believed that this was an infringement on their privacy and their right to property.

The colonists' strong principles led them to resist British rule. They boycotted British goods, they formed militias, and they eventually declared their independence from Britain. The American Revolution was a long and bloody conflict, but it ultimately led to the creation of the United States of America, a country that is founded on the principles of liberty, equality, and self-government.

Explanation:

Here are some specific examples from the text that support this claim:

* In 1776, the Declaration of Independence stated that "all men are created equal" and that they have "certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness."

* The colonists also believed in the principle of self-government. They argued that they had the right to govern themselves, and they were willing to fight for those rights.

* The colonists were angered by the British government's attempts to tax them without their consent. They believed that taxation without representation was a violation of their rights as Englishmen.

* The colonists also objected to the British government's attempts to quarter British troops in their homes. They believed that this was an infringement on their privacy and their right to property.

These are just a few examples of the strong principles that motivated the American colonists to declare their independence from Britain. These principles continue to inspire people around the world today.

The post-war trials at Nuremberg and elsewhere were aimed at delivering justice for the atrocities committed during World War II. While some people argue that these trials were lenient or merely a performance, they did establish a foundation for international law and accountability.

It's important to note that not all Nazi soldiers were directly involved in war crimes or genocides. Prosecuting all members of the army for simply being part of the Third Reich could be seen as a form of collective punishment, which goes against the principle of individual responsibility.

To ensure a more comprehensive approach to prosecuting war criminals, a better option could have been to establish an international criminal court earlier, with a clear mandate and guidelines for investigating and prosecuting individuals responsible for war crimes and crimes against humanity.

To prevent such events from happening again, the international community must strengthen its commitment to uphold human rights and international law, promote education about the Holocaust and other genocides, and support the work of organizations that monitor and combat hate and discrimination.

In summary, the post-war trials played a crucial role in establishing accountability for war crimes, but there is always room for improvement in the pursuit of justice. The international community should continue to work together to prevent and prosecute such crimes in the future.

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The argument in the third paragraph concerning the association between the Segment of India in 1947 and Punjabi relocations to England during the 1950s is most straightforwardly upheld by the creator's case that Resettling Allotment outcasts prompted a monetary emergency in provincial Punjab, prompting further population movements.

Nearly 12 million individuals were dislodged in the partitioned region of Punjab alone, and up to 20 million in the subcontinent overall. Subsequently, India-Pakistan Parcel brought about one of the biggest constrained relocations of the twentieth 100 years.

During the parcel of India in August 1947 exactly 12 million individuals were dislodged in the separated region of Punjab alone, and up to 20 million in the subcontinent overall.

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Answer:

A result of the attempted coup against the soviet government in 1991 was that the Soviet Union collapsed and 15 independent countries emerged from its ashes, marking the end of the Cold War era and the beginning of a new geopolitical landscape in Eurasia.

Explanation:

A result of the attempted coup against the Soviet government in 1991 was that the Soviet Union dissolved and 15 independent countries emerged in its place.

The attempted coup against Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev in August 1991 was an unsuccessful attempt by Communist Party hardliners to take control of the government and halt the liberalization policies of Gorbachev's administration. The coup ultimately failed, and in its aftermath, the Soviet Union began to disintegrate.

On December 26, 1991, the leaders of Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus signed the Belavezha Accords, which declared the Soviet Union dissolved and established the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) in its place. Over the next few months, 12 other former Soviet republics joined the CIS, and by the end of 1991, the Soviet Union had ceased to exist as a political entity.

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The most likely group to use this story for their cause would be anti-child labor groups. This story illustrates the harsh and exploitative working conditions that children in the early twentieth century had to endure, and it could be used to bring attention to the reality of child labor.

It could be used as a reminder to people of why child labor laws were created and why they need to be respected. It could also be used to galvanize support for anti-child labor campaigns, and to generate public pressure for more enforcement of existing child labor laws.

By using this story, the anti-child labor groups can create awareness about the issue and highlight the need for better working conditions and wages for children. Furthermore, the story can inspire people to act and become advocates for change.

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The impact of Europeans on the Middle East has been profound and far-reaching, shaping the region's political, and social landscape to this day.

One of the most significant ways Europeans impacted the Middle East was through the imposition of colonial policies that drew arbitrary borders and boundaries without considering the region's ethnic and religious diversity.

Furthermore, European powers used their colonial power to exploit Middle Eastern resources and control trade. Great Britain, for instance, controlled the oil reserves in Iran and Iraq and used it to strengthen its economic & strategic interests.

The Europeans also impacted the region through their political influence, which led to the emergence of authoritarian regimes in many Middle Eastern countries.

For example, Great Britain and the United States supported the overthrow of democratically elected Prime Minister Mohammad Mossadegh in Iran in 1953, leading to the establishment of a dictatorship under Shah Pahlavi.

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These are the references given from the topic of Uruguay and Paraguay in the question.

Lets match them to their meanings-

Hence, all the words are matched to their appropriate meanings.

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Answer:

The Supreme Court's ruling in Roe v. Wade established a woman's legal right to have an abortion in the United States. The decision was based on the constitutional right to privacy and has been a controversial topic ever since.

Explanation:

The best statement that describes The Supreme Court's decision in Roe v. Wade held is that "a woman's right to terminate a pregnancy is protected by the constitutional right to privacy."

In 1973, the Supreme Court issued a landmark decision in Roe v. Wade, which established a woman's right to access abortion services under the 14th Amendment's right to privacy. The Court held that a woman's decision to terminate a pregnancy falls within the realm of privacy protected by the Constitution. This decision effectively invalidated state laws that banned or severely restricted access to abortion.

However, the Court also established a trimester framework, which allowed states to regulate abortion after the first trimester for reasons related to the health of the mother or the potential life of the fetus. The Roe decision has remained controversial and continues to be the subject of political and legal debates.

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The ruling in the Supreme Court case of Brown v. Board of Education  played the biggest role in the redesign of the state flag in 1956. The correct option is D.

The redesign of the state flag in 1956 was heavily influenced by the ruling in the Supreme Court case of Brown v. Board of Education in 1954, which declared segregation in public schools to be unconstitutional. The Confederate battle emblem had been added to the Georgia state flag in 1956 as a response to the Civil Rights Movement and the federal government's efforts to enforce desegregation, and it was seen by many as a symbol of resistance to racial equality.

The decision in Brown v. Board of Education further intensified the debate over the Confederate emblem on the state flag, with civil rights activists and other advocates calling for its removal.

In 1956, Georgia Governor Marvin Griffin, a staunch segregationist, proposed a redesign of the state flag that prominently featured the Confederate battle emblem. The redesign was approved by the state legislature and became the official state flag. The flag remained unchanged for decades, despite growing opposition from civil rights groups and other activists who saw it as a symbol of racism and oppression.

It was not until 2001 that Georgia Governor Roy Barnes, with the support of a bipartisan coalition, led the effort to change the state flag to a design that no longer featured the Confederate battle emblem. The new flag design, which features the state seal on a blue background, was adopted by the Georgia General Assembly in 2003. The redesign of the state flag was a significant moment in Georgia's history and reflected the state's ongoing struggle to come to terms with its legacy of racism and discrimination.

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Answer: He hoped to make his critics understand that nonviolent protest was the best way to change unfair laws in Birmingham.

Explanation: King wrote this letter when he was criticized by religious authorities for promoting peaceful protests in favor of civil rights. These criticisms were so powerful that they caused King's arrest, causing him to write the letter. The letter was an act of defense by King, whose main objective was to defend his methods of protest and to reaffirm the reason why these protests were being raised. In other words, King wanted to make his critics understand that non-violent protests were beneficial and allowed for the search for changes in the unjust laws that were raised against blacks.

The position of the Whig Party in the 1830s was The Whig Party opposed President Andrew Jackson. Thus the correct option is A.

A  political party in the United States in the 1830s  named The Whig Party opposed President Andrew Jackson and his Democratic Party policies.

The Whigs argued for a bigger federal government and a more centralized government, whilst Jackson and the Democrats advocated for a more decentralized system with more power for the states.

The Whig Party also chastised Jackson for his handling of the nullification crisis, a conflict between South Carolina and the federal government over state's rights and the tariff.

Therefore, option A  is appropriate.

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Archaeological evidence and historical accounts suggest that architects did not use half-sized marbles to make the columns for the Parthenon in Ancient Greece.

The Parthenon is one of the most iconic examples of classical Greek architecture, and its columns are made of Pentelic marble, a high-quality marble quarried from Mount Pentelicus in Attica.

The construction of the Parthenon took place during the 5th century BCE, and the columns were made by stacking drum-shaped segments of marble on top of each other. Each drum had a diameter of around 1.9 meters, and they were made in various heights to create the tapered effect of the columns. The columns were also slightly wider at the bottom than at the top, a feature known as entasis, which helped to counteract the optical illusion of concavity and give the columns a sense of solidity.

There is no evidence to suggest that architects used half-sized marbles to create the columns. Such a technique would have been impractical, as it would have required cutting the marble blocks into very small pieces, which would have been difficult to transport and assemble. Additionally, using half-sized marbles would have resulted in weak and unstable columns, which would not have been able to support the weight of the entablature and roof.

In conclusion, it is unlikely that architects used half-sized marbles to make the columns for the Parthenon in Ancient Greece. Instead, they used carefully selected and crafted segments of Pentelic marble, arranged in a precise and sophisticated manner to create one of the most enduring symbols of classical Greek architecture.

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Answer:

Military action fought on 22 March 1880

The Battle of Los Ángeles was a military action fought on 22 March 1880 between the Chilean and Peruvian armies during the Tacna and Arica Campaign of the War of the Pacific. The Chilean forces under Commander in chief Manuel Baquedano assaulted and defeated the Allied stronghold guided by Andrés Gamarra garrisoned at Los Angeles hill top

Explanation:

The agricultural methods implemented in the third case study (alternatives to pesticide use) could be directly applied to reduce the threat from industrial pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. The correct answer is option a, b and c.

Crop rotation, intercropping, and the introduction of natural predators are effective in controlling pests and weeds without the need for harmful pesticides.

This reduces the use of chemicals in agriculture, which in turn reduces environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. However, these methods are not directly related to addressing global economic inequalities, nuclear proliferation, or species loss and declines in biodiversity.

The correct answer is option a, b and c.

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Question

Case Study 1: Improving Access to Safe Water- Public and Private Alliance in Guinea ‘In the late 1980s less than 15% of the population in Guinea had access to safe water. By 1996, that share had increased almost fourfold to 55%. In a little more than a decade, Guinea had brought one of the least developed water supply services in Sub-Saharan Africa to the point at which it could provide safe water to more than half the population. These significant achievements are the result of a public-private alliance that originated when Guinea transferred responsibility over the water supply agency to an autonomous company that is partly government owned. ’ [Case Study 2]: Successful Air Quality Management in Chile ‘Recently, the government has been quite successful in combating the problem of air pollution in the capital of Santiago based on the Framework Environmental Law, which provides the basis for a gradual improvement in environmental quality, while avoiding conflict and increasing collaboration between industry, government, and pressure groups. Private and public transport fleets were revamped, fuels improved, urban sprawl curbed, and sustainable mechanisms for controlling airborne emissions from industry established. As a result of these efforts, Chile today has good air quality management capabilities. ’ [Case Study 3]: Alternatives to Pesticide Use ‘Integrated pest management and biological control have proved to be successful alternatives to pesticides. Crop rotation, intercropping, and the introduction of natural predators inhibit the proliferation of weeds and pests and introduce biological controls that rely on nature’s own checks and balances. This system of integrated pest management has reduced pesticide use in Brazil by 80%, by 90% in China’s Jiangsu Province, and by 30-50% in the province of Orissa in India. ’" Case studies included in an official report of the United Nations on human development, 1998 The agricultural methods implemented in the third case study could be directly applied to reduce the threat from all of the following environmental or economic challenges that arose during the twentieth century EXCEPT

a. global economic inequalities

b. species loss and declines in biodiversity

c. nuclear proliferation

d ,industrial pollution and greenhouse gas emissions

Answer:A power inverter, inverter or invertor is a power electronic device or circuitry that changes direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC).

Explanation:

William Golding, a British author who won the Nobel Prize, published Lord of the Flies in 1954. The story follows a bunch of British youths' unsuccessful attempts to rule themselves while stuck on a deserted island.

The evil side of humanity, the brutality that even the most civilized people harbor, is explored in Lord of the Flies. This book was written by William Golding as a tragic parody of children's adventure stories to show how inherently terrible people are.

Due to profanity, Lord of the Flies by William Golding was challenged in 1992 in Waterloo, Iowa, schools.

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The two major effects of the Dreyfus affair were option C. both a and b, which includes change in the French politics and it lead to France's identity as a Catholic nation.

From 1894 until its resolution in 1906, the Dreyfus affair was a scandal in politics that tore the Third French Republic apart. In the Francophone world, L'Affaire Dreyfus has come to represent contemporary injustice, and it is still one of the most egregious cases of a multifaceted injustice and antisemitism.

Politics in France were significantly impacted by the Dreyfus Affair. It exposed the divisions between the Left and the Right in France after the Franco-Prussian War's defeat, demonstrated the persistence of antisemitism in the country of liberty and the Revolution, and called into question the very idea of France's identity as a Catholic nation.

The question is incomplete, find the complete question here

What were two major effects of the Dreyfus affair?

A. Change in the French politics

B. France's identity as a Catholic nation

C. Both a and b

D. None of these

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Non slave holders in the South followed slave owners' leadership because they aspired to be slaveholders themselves.

Churches were the social and intellectual hubs of the south. People gathered there to learn about the world and their place in it, as well as to obtain moral advice.

The clergy were the community's cultural leaders and educators, and they wielded enormous power over slaveholders and non-slaveholders alike. What were Southern pastors, preachers, and religious leaders saying to their congregations?

Southern clergy maintained slavery's morality through an intricate scriptural justification based on the Bible's infallibility, which they held up as the universal and objective standard for moral matters.

Religious preaching from the pulpit and a burgeoning religious press contributed significantly to the severe, uncompromising ideological milieu of the time.

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The commercial revolution in the medieval age created a demand for British products through increased international trade, technological advancements, and domestic market expansion.

The commercial revolution in the medieval age, spanning from the 11th to the 16th century, created a demand for the products of British industry in several ways.

Firstly, the rise of international trade, spurred by the Crusades, increased the demand for goods such as wool, cloth, and metals, which were produced in large quantities in Britain. This led to the growth of export-oriented industries, such as the wool trade, which became a major source of wealth for Britain.

Secondly, the development of new technologies, such as the waterwheel and the blast furnace, allowed British industry to produce goods more efficiently and at a lower cost. This made British goods more competitive in international markets, further fueling demand.

Thirdly, the expansion of the domestic market in Britain, due to factors such as urbanization and population growth, created a demand for a wide range of goods, from food to luxury items. This in turn stimulated the growth of industries such as agriculture, textiles, and crafts.

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Vietnam attained universal primary education in 2000 and lower secondary education in 2010. The introduction of preschool education for all 5-year-old children has been one of Vietnam's education system's biggest successes during the previous five years.

Between 1954 and 1956, North Vietnam implemented land reform by seizing and giving impoverished and landless peasants ownership of landowners' land. According to the most reliable estimates, this programme led to the deaths of 13,500 "landlords and reactionaries," as well as opposition in the form of riots in rural areas.

Primary education lasts for five years, secondary education for four, and high school for three. Most pupils in basic education are regularly enrolled.

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In "A Mighty Long Way" Chapter 5, the reporters were attacked because they were covering the integration of Little Rock Central High School, which faced strong opposition from segregationists.

The attackers felt threatened by the media's presence and the possibility of their views being challenged.

The reporters' presence at the school played a crucial role in documenting the events unfolding around the integration. As they captured images and reported stories, they brought national and international attention to the discrimination and violence faced by the African American students trying to integrate.

This coverage heightened tensions between the opposing groups, causing some segregationists to lash out at the reporters.

These attacks were driven by the fear that the reporters' documentation would change public opinion and bring about an end to racial segregation.

The violence towards reporters also served as a way for the segregationists to intimidate those who supported integration, further demonstrating the deep-rooted racial tensions present in this period of American history.

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Answer:

The correct answer is: Beautiful American landscapes.

The Hudson River School was an American art movement that flourished in the mid-19th century. The movement was characterized by its focus on realistic depictions of the American landscape, particularly the Hudson River Valley. The artists of the Hudson River School were inspired by the Romantic movement, which emphasized the beauty of nature and the individual's connection to the natural world. Their paintings often featured dramatic skies, towering mountains, and lush forests. The Hudson River School was one of the most important art movements in American history, and its influence can still be seen in contemporary landscape painting.

The other two options are incorrect. The Hudson River School did not imitate European themes, nor did they focus on portraits of famous leaders. Instead, they focused on depicting the beauty of the American landscape.

Explanation:

The second most important crop for Native Americans in the southwestern region was beans.

They were used for a variety of purposes, including food, medicine, and dyes. Beans were also a valuable source of protein and were usually planted with corn. This allowed for an efficient use of space and soil fertility. Beans were also an important part of religious ceremonies and harvest festivals.

In some areas, beans were used as currency and were even used to pay taxes. Beans were often dried and stored for later use, allowing for sustenance during times of famine. While beans were a highly valued crop, they often didn’t get the same attention as corn and weren’t planted as often.

This is likely because beans are more labor intensive than corn and require more attention during the growing season. Despite this, beans remained a valuable crop to the Native Americans of the southwestern region.

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The Declaration by United Nations was a joint statement issued on January 1, 1942, by representatives of 26 countries, including United States, Great Britain, and the Soviet Union.

A declaration is a formal statement or announcement made to express a specific intention, opinion, or belief. It can be made in various contexts, such as in politics, law, or personal matters. Declarations are often used to publicly declare one's stance on a particular issue or to make a formal statement about a decision or action. For example, a political declaration may be made to announce a new policy or to assert a country's position on an international issue. A legal declaration may be made in court to provide evidence or to assert a legal right. In personal matters, a declaration may be made to express one's feelings or intentions towards another person. For instance, a romantic declaration may be made to express love or commitment to a partner. Overall, declarations serve as a formal way to express one's views or intentions on a particular matter.

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Complete Question:

What effect did the document Declaration by United Nations have on World War II​?

Answer:

Explanation:

Gothic sculpture can be distinguished from Romanesque sculpture in several ways:

Style: The gothic sculpture is known for its more naturalistic and expressive style, while Romanesque sculpture tends to be more rigid and stylized.

Detail: Gothic sculpture often features intricate details such as flowing drapery, delicate facial features, and ornate decoration. Romanesque sculpture, on the other hand, tends to be simpler and less detailed.

Materials: Gothic sculpture often uses materials such as marble, alabaster, and bronze, while Romanesque sculpture is typically made from stone.

Themes: Gothic sculpture often depicts religious themes such as saints, angels, and biblical scenes, while Romanesque sculpture often depicts more secular subjects such as animals, plants, and mythological figures.

Overall, Gothic sculpture is generally considered to be more refined and sophisticated than Romanesque sculpture, reflecting the increasing cultural and artistic sophistication of the Gothic period.

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